Review: What do we mean by GERD? - Definition and diagnosis

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Supplement

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 2-10

  Jones, R ^a   Galmiche, J P ^b  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology ^*  (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BILIRUBIN;

BIOMETRY; CLINICAL EXAMINATION; ENDOSCOPY NEGATIVE REFLUX DISEASE; ESOPHAGUS PH; FIBER OPTICS; FUNCTIONAL HEARTBURN; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY; HEARTBURN; HOSPITAL CARE; HUMAN; IMAGING SYSTEM; IMPEDANCE; MONITORING; NON EROSIVE REFLUX DISEASE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REFLUX ESOPHAGITIS; REFLUX LIKE DYSPEPSIA; REVIEW; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

EID: 23844476465     PISSN: 09530673     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02610.x     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Lagergren J, Bergestrom R, Lindgren A, Nyren O. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux as a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 825-31.
2. Kennedy T, Jones R. The prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms in a UK population and the consultation behaviour of patients with these symptoms. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14: 1589-94.
3. Heading RC. Prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in the general population: a systematic review. Scand J Gastroenterol 1999; 34: 3-8.
4. Locke GR, Talley NJ, Fett SL, et al. Prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastro-oesophageal reflux: a population-based study in Olmstead County, Minnesota. Gastroenterology 1997; 112: 1448-56.
5. Yeh C, Hsu C, Ho A, et al. Erosive oesophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in Taiwan: a higher frequency than expected. Dig Dis Sci 1997; 41: 702-6.
6. Lee S, Kim M, Han D, et al. Epidemiologic study of reflux oesophagitis in general health screening people. Kor J Intern Med 1994; 46: 514-20.
7. Kang J, Tay H, Yap I, et al. Low frequency of endoscopic oesophagitis in Asian patients. J Clin Gastroenterol 1993; 16: 70-3.
8. Carlsson R, Holloway RH. Endoscopy-negative reflux disease. Baillière's Clinical Gastroenterology 2000; 14: 827-37.
9. Fass R. Distinct phenotypic presentations of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a new view of the natural history. Dig Dis 2004; 22: 100-7.
10. Galmiche JP, Bruley des Varannes S. Endoscopy-negative reflux disease. Current Gastroenterology Reports 2001; 3: 206-14.
11. Dent J, Brun J, Fendrick AM, et al. An evidence based appraisal of reflux disease management: the Genval workshop report. Gut 1999; 44 (Suppl. 2): S1-16.
12. Cameron AJ, Lagergren J, Henriksson C, Nyren O, Locke III GR, Pedersen NL. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 55-9.
13. Trudgill NJ, Kapur KC, Riley SA. Familial clustering of reflux symptoms. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94: 1172-8.
14. Galmiche JP, Zerbib F. Mechanisms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and potential targets for anti-reflux therapy. In: Farthing MJG, Bianchi Porro G, eds. New Horizons in Gastrointestinal and liver disease: Mechanisms and Management. Paris: John Libbey Eurotext, 1999: 3-15.
15. Holloway RH. The anti-reflux barrier and mechanisms of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Baillière's Clinical Gastroenterology 2000; 14: 681-99.
16. van Herwaarden MA, Samsom M, Smout AJPM. The role of hiatus hernia in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 16: 831-5.
17. Martinez SD, Malagon IB, Garewal HS, Cui H, Fass R. Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) - acid reflux and symptom patterns. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17: 537-45.
18. Shi G, Bruley des Varannes S, Scarpignato C, Le Rhun M, Galmiche JP. Reflux-related symptoms in patients with normal oesophageal exposure to acid. Gut 1995; 37: 457-64.
19. Trimble KC, Douglas S, Pryde A, Heading RC. Clinical characteristics and natural history of symptomatic but not excess gastroesophageal reflux. Dig Dis Sci 1995; 40: 1098-104.
20. Rodriguez-Stanley S, Robinson M, Earnest DL, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B, Miner PB. Esophageal hypersensitivity may be a major cause of heartburn. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94: 628-31.
21. Fass R, Tougas G. Functional heartburn: the stimulus, the pain, and the brain. Gut 2002; 51: 885-92.
22. Gregory LJ, Yagüez L, Williams SC, Altmann C, Coen SJ, Ng V, Brammer MJ, Thompson DG, Aziz Q. Cognitive modulation of the cerebral processing of human oesophageal sensation using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Gut 2003; 52: 1671-7.
23. Jones R, Hungin AS, Phillips J, Mills J. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in Europe. Eur J Gen Pract 1995; 1: 149-54.
24. Klauser Ag, Schindlbeck NE, Muller-Lissner SA. Symptoms in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Lancet 1990; 335: 205-8.
25. Carlsson R, Dent J, Bolling-Sternevald E, et al. The usefulness of a structured questionnaire in the assessment of symptomatic gastroesophageal disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1998; 33: 1023-9.
26. Parmelee-Peters K, Moeller JL. Gastroesophageal reflux in athletes. Current Sports Medicine Reports 2004; 3: 107-11.
27. 7 Richter JE. Ear, nose and throat and respiratory manifestations of gastro-esophageal reflux disease: an increasing conundrum. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 16: 837-45.
28. Eslick GD, Fass R. Noncardiac chest pain: evaluation and treatment. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2003; 32: 531-52.
29. Heaney LG, Conway E, Kelly C, et al. Predictors of therapy resistant asthma: outcome of a systematic evaluation protocol. Thorax 2003; 58: 561-6.
30. Malagelada JR. Review article: supra-oesophageal manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Alimentary Pharmacol Ther 2004; 19 (Suppl 1): 43-8.
31. Munoz JV, Herreros B, Sanchiz V, et al. Dental and periodontal lesions in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Dig Liv Dis 2003; 35: 261-7.
32. Lundell LR, Dent J, Bennett JR, Blum MAL, Armstrong D, Galmiche JP, Johnson F, Hongo M, Richter JE, Spechler SJ, Tytgat GNJ, Wallin L. Endoscopic assessment of esophagitis: clinical and functional correlates and further validation of the Los Angeles classification. Gut 1999; 45: 172-80.
33. French-Belgian Consensus Conference on Adult Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease 'Diagnosis and Treatment'. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 12: 129-37.
34. Johnsson F, Joelsson B, Gudmundsson K, Greiff L. Symptoms and endoscopic findings in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 22: 714-8.
35. Fass R. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98: S2-S7.
36. Kahrilas PJ, Quigley EM. Clinical esophageal pH recording: a technical review for practice guideline development. Gastroenterology 1996; 110: 1982-96.
37. Sifrim D. Acid, weakly acidic and non-acid gastro-oesophageal reflux: differences, prevalence and clinical relevance. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 16: 823-30.
38. Pandolfino JE, Richter JE, Ours T, Guardino JM, Chapman J, Kahrilas PJ. Ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring using a Wireless system. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98: 740-9.
39. Fletcher J, Wirz A, Henry E, McColl KE. Studies of acid exposure immediately above the gastro-oesophageal squamocolumnar junction: evidence of short segment reflux. Gut 2004; 53: 168-73.
40. Weusten BLAM, Roelofs JMM, Akkermans LAM, Van Berge-Henegouwen GP, Smout AJ. The symptom-association probability: an improved method for symptom analysis of 24-hour esophageal pH data. Gastroenterology 1994; 107: 1741-5.
41. Trimble KC, Pryde A, Heading RC. Lowered oesophageal sensory thresholds in patients with symptomatic but not excess gastro-oesophageal reflux: evidence for a spectrum of visceral sensitivity in GORD. Gut 1995; 37: 7-12.
42. Sacher-Huvelin S, Gournay J, Amouretti M, Marquis P, Bruley des Varannes S, Galmiche JP. Natural history and quality of life of patients with acid hypersensitive esophagus syndrome. Comparison with classical gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2000; 24: 911-6.
43. Sifrim D, Castell D, Dent J, Kahrilas PJ. Gastro-oesophageal reflux monitoring: review and consensus report on detection and definitions of acid, non-acid, and gas reflux. Gut 2004; 53: 1024-31.
44. Champion G, Richter JE, Vaezi MF, Singh S, Alexander R. Duodeno-gastro-esophageal reflux: relationship to pH and importance in Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology 1994; 107: 747-54.
45. B agonist baclofen in patients with symptoms and duodeno-gastro-esophageal reflux refractory to proton pump inhibitors. Gut 2003; 52: 1397-402.
46. Sifrim D, Holloway R, Silny J, Xin Z, Tack J, Lerut A, Janssens J. Acid, non-acid, and gas reflux in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease during ambulatory 24-hour impedance recordings. Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 1588-98.
47. Vela MF, Camacho-Lobato L, Srinivasan R, Tutuian R, Katz PO, Castell DO. Simultaneous intraesophageal impedance and pH measurement acid and nonacid gastroesophageal reflux: effect of omeprazole. Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 1599-606.
48. Kahrilas PJ. Will impedance testing rewrite the book on GERD? Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 1862-4.