Early practical experience and the social responsiveness of clinical education: Systematic review

British Medical Journal

Volumn 331, Issue 7513, 2005, Pages 387-391

  Littlewood, Sonia ^a   Ypinazar, Valmae ^b   Margolis, Stephen A ^b   Scherpbier, Albert ^c   Spencer, John ^d   Dornan, Tim ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^c MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^d NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASE; CLINICAL EDUCATION; CURRICULUM; DECISION MAKING; EMPATHY; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; EXAMINATION; EXPERIENCE; HUMAN; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDICAL STUDENT; METHODOLOGY; MOTIVATION; PATIENT CARE; PHYSICIAN ATTITUDE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLICATION; RESIDENCY EDUCATION; RESPONSIBILITY; REVIEW; SELF CONCEPT; SKILL; SOCIETY; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TEACHER; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 23844473620     PISSN: 09598146     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.331.7513.387     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. General Medical Council. Tomorrow's doctors. 2nd ed. London: GMC, 2002.
2. Harden RM. Integrated teaching-what do we mean? A proposed taxonomy. Med Educ 1998;32:216-7.
3. Dahle LO, Brynhildsen J, Berbohm Fallsberg M, Rundquist I, Hammar M. Pros and cons of vertical integration between clinical medicine and basic science within a problem-based undergraduate medical curriculum: examples and experiences from Linkoping, Sweden. Med Teach 2002;24:280-5.
4. Dornan T, Bundy C. What can experience add to early medical education? Consensus survey. BMJ 2004;329:834-7.
5. Dornan T L, Margolis SA, Ypinazar V, Scherpbier A, Spencer J. How can experience in clinical and community settings contribute to early medical education? www.bemecollaboration.org/topics.htm (accessed 19 Jul 2005).
6. Albanese M, Norcini J. Systematic reviews: what are they and why should we care? Adv Health Sci Educ, Theory Pract 2002;7:147-51.
7. Kirkpatrick DL. Evaluation of training. In: Craig R, Bittel L, eds. Training and development handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967:87-112.
8. Lynch DC, Teplin SE, Willis SE, Pathman DE, Larsen LC, Steiner BD, et al. Interim evaluation of the rural health scholars program. Teach Learn Med 2001;13:36-42.
9. Grayson MS, Klein MP, Franke KB. Impact of a first-year primary care experience on residency choice. J Gen Intern Med 2001;16:860-3.
10. Levy BT, Hartz A, Merchant ML, Schroeder BT. Quality of a family medicine preceptorship is significantly associated with matching into family practice. Fam Med 2001;33:683-90.
11. Mengel MB, Davis AB. Required first-year generalist clinical experience courses and their relationship to career choice: the critical effect of family medicine involvement. Fam Med 1995;27:652-7.
12. Dobie SA, Carline JD, Laskowski MB. An early preceptorship and medical students' beliefs, values, and career choices. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 1996;2:35-47.
13. Quinby PM, Papp KK. Adopt-a-student, early mentoring in family medicine. Med Teach 1995;17:47-53.
14. Vaz R, Gona O. Undergraduate education in rural primary health care: evaluation of a first-year field attachment. Med Educ 1992;26:27-34.
15. Barley G, O'Brien-Gonzales A, Hughes E. What did we learn about the impact on students' clinical education? Acad Med 2001;76(4 suppl): s68-71.
16. Riley K, Myers W, Gordon MJ, Laskowski M, Kriebel S, Dobie S. A collaborative approach to a primary care preclinical preceptorship for underserved settings. Acad Med 1991;66:776.
17. Mann MP. A light at the end of the tunnel: the impact of early clinical experiences on medical students. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA, 4-8 April, 1994.
18. Kent GC. Medical student's reactions to a nursing attachment scheme. Med Educ 1991;25:23-32.
19. Hampshire A. Providing early clinical experience in primary care. Med Educ 1998;32:495-501.
20. Rooks L, Watson RT, Harris JO. A primary care preceptorship for first-year medical students coordinated by an area health education center program: a six-year review. Acad Med 2001;76:489-92.
21. Steele D, Susman J, McCurdy F, O'Dell D, Paulman P, Stott J. The Interdisciplinary Generalist Project at the University of Nebraska Medical Center. Acad Med 2001;76(4 suppl):s121-6.
22. Novack DH, Dube C, Goldstein MG. Teaching medical interviewing. A basic course on interviewing and the physician-patient relationship. Arch Intern Med 1992;152:1814-20.
23. Orbell S, Abraham C. Behavioural sciences and the real world: Report of a community interview scheme for medical students. Med Educ 1993;27:218-29.
24. Fernald DH, Staudenmaier AC, Tressler CJ, Main DS, O'Brien-Gonzales A, Barley GE. Student perspectives on primary care preceptorships: Enhancing the medical student preceptorship learning environment. Teach Learn Med 2001;13:13-20.
25. Alford C, Miles T, Palmer A, Espino D. An introduction to geriatrics for first-year medical students. J Am Geriatrics Soc 2001;49:782-7.
26. Johnson AK, Scott CS. Relationship between early clinical exposure and first-year students' attitudes toward medical education. Acad Med 1998;73:430-2.
27. Friedberg M, Glick S. Graduates' perspective of early clinical exposure. Educ Health 1997;10:205-11.
28. Frank D. An integrated curriculum for teaching preparatory clinical skills at a traditional medical school. Teach Learn Med 1996;8:4-9.
29. Chisholm MA, McCall CY, Francisco GEJ, Poirier S. Student Exposure to Actual Patients in the Classroom. Am J Pharm Educ 1997;61:364-70.
30. Cooper HC, Gibbs TJ, Brown L. Community-orientated medical education: extending the boundaries. Med Teach 2001;23:295-9.
31. Waddell RF, Davidson RA. The role of the community in educating medical students: Initial impressions from a new program. Educ Health 2000;13:69-76.
32. Bucci KK, Maddox RW, Holmes TJ, Broadhead WE, Tse C-KJ. Implementation and evaluation of a shadow program for PharmD students. Am J Pharm Educ 1993;57:44-9.
33. Nieman LZ, Foxhall LE, Groff J, Cheng L. Applying practical preventive skills in a preclinical preceptorship. Acad Med 2001;76:478-83.
34. Madray H, Pfeiffer CA, Ardolino A. Teaching patient wellness to first-year medical students: the impact on future ability to perform the history of present illness. Med Educ 2000;34:404-8.
35. Allen SS, Bland CJ, Harris IB, Anderson D, Poland G, Satran L, et al. Structured clinical teaching strategy. Med Teach 1991;13:177-84.
36. Rogers JC, Dains JE. Can first year students master clinical skills. Acad Med 2001;76:1065-6.
37. Linder BM, Saha A, Heseltine GF. Teaching clinical skills to new medical students: the Oman experience. Med Educ 1992;26:282-4.
38. Niemi PM. Medical students' professional identity: self-reflection during the preclinical years. Med Educ 1997;31:408-15.
39. Elnicki DM, Halbritter KA, Antonelli MA, Linger B. Educational and career outcomes of a medicine preceptorship for first-year students. J Gen Intern Med 1999;14:341-6.
40. Rogers JC, Swee DE, Ullian JA. Teaching medical decision making and students' clinical problem solving skills. Med Teach 1991;13:157-64.
41. Pamies RJ, Herold AH, Roetzheim RG, Woodard LJ, Micceri T. Does early clinical exposure enhance performance during third-year clerkship? J Nat Med Assoc 1994;86:594-6.
42. Carney P, Baron ME, Grayson MS, Klein M, Cochran N, Eliassen MS, et al. The impact of early clinical training in medical education: A multi institutional assessment. Acad Med 1999;74(1 suppl):s59-s67.
43. Satran L, Harris IB, Allen S, Anderson DC, Poland GA, Miller WL. Hospital-based versus community-based clinical education: Comparing performances and course evaluations by students in their second-year pediatrics rotation. Acad Med 1993;68:380-2.
44. Freeman J, Cash C, Yonke A, Roe B, Foley R. A longitudinal primary care program in an urban public medical school: Three years of experience. Acad Med 1995;70(11 suppl):S64-S68.
45. Thomas EJ, Hafler JP, Woo B. The patient's experience of being interviewed by first-year medical students. Med Teach 1999;21:311-4.
46. Murray E. Challenges in educational research. Med Educ 2002;36:110-2.
47. Dornan T. Osler, Flexner, apprenticeship, and "the new medical education." J R Soc Med 2005;98:91-5
48. Irvine D. The performance of doctors: new professionalism. Lancet 1999;353:1174-7.
49. Medical Professionalism Project Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physicians' charter. Lancet 2002;359:520.