Ultrasonography of the medial iliac lymph nodes in the dog

Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 156-165

  Llabrés Díaz, Francisco J ^a  

^a ANIMAL HEALTH TRUST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Abdomen; Adenocarcinoma of the apocrine glands of the anal sac; Dog; Lymphadenopathy; Lymphoma; Medial iliac lymph nodes; Ultrasonography

Indexed keywords

ADENOCARCINOMA; ANAL SAC; APOCRINE GLAND; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOG; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; LYMPH NODE; LYMPHOMA; MALE; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; NONHUMAN; REMISSION; ADENOSARCOMA; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANUS TUMOR; CASE CONTROL STUDY; DOG DISEASE; EVALUATION; ILIAC ARTERY; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; PREDICTION AND FORECASTING;

CANIS FAMILIARIS;

ADENOSARCOMA; ANAL GLAND NEOPLASMS; ANAL SACS; ANIMALS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DOG DISEASES; DOGS; FEMALE; ILIAC ARTERY; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; LYMPHOMA; MALE; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY;

EID: 2342589381     PISSN: 10588183     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2004.04026.x     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Rogers KS, Barton CL, Landis M. Canine and feline lymph nodes. Part I. Anatomy and function. Compend Cont Ed Pract 1993;15:397-409.
2. Bezuidenhout AJ. The lymphatic system. In: Miller's Anatomy of the Dog, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1993;717-757.
3. Spaulding KA. A review of sonographic identification of abdominal blood vessels and juxtavascular organs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1997; 38:4-23.
4. Pugh CR. Ultrasonographic examination of the abdominal lymph nodes in the dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1994;35:110-115.
5. Saunders HM, Pugh CR, Rhodes WH. Expanding applications of abdominal ultrasonography. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1992;28:369-374.
6. Rogers KS, Barton CL, Landis M. Canine and feline lymph nodes. Part II. Diagnostic evaluation of lymphadenopathy. Compend Cont Ed Pract 1993;15:1493-1503.
7. Vail DM, MacEwen EG, Young KM. Canine lymphoma and lymphoid leukemias. In: Withrow SJ, MacEwen EG (eds): Small Animal Clinical Oncology, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2001;558-590.
8. Antonmattei SR. Echographic diagnosis of lymph nodes. Radiol Diagn 1980;21:437-449.
9. Bruneton JN, Roux P, Caramella E, Demard F, Vallicioni J, Chauvel P. Ear, nose, and throat cancer: ultrasound diagnosis of metastasis to cervical lymph nodes. Radiology 1984;152:771-773.
10. Bruneton JN, Normand F, Balu-Maestro C, et al. Lymphomatous superficial lymph nodes: US detection. Radiology 1987;165:233-235.
11. Smeets AJ, Zonderland HM, van der Voorde F, Lameris JS. Evaluation of abdominal lymph nodes by ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med 1990;9:325-331.
12. Rafaelsen SR, Kronborg O, Fenger C. Echo pattern of lymph nodes in colorectal cancer: an in vitro study. Br J Radiol 1992;65:218-220.
13. Vassallo P, Wernecke K, Roos N, Peters PE. Differentiation of benign from malignant superficial lymphadenopathy: the role of high-resolution US. Radiology 1992;183:215-220.
14. Kotanagi H, Fukuoka T, Shibata Y, et al. The size of regional lymph nodes does not correlate with the presence or absence of metastasis in lymph nodes in rectal cancer. J Surg Oncol 1993;54:252-254.
15. Vassallo P, Edel G, Roos N, Naguib A, Peters PE. In vitro high-resolution ultrasonography of benign and malignant lymph nodes. A sonographic-pathologic correlation. Invest Radiol 1993;28:698-705.
16. Adibelli ZH, Unal G, Gul E, Uslu F, Kocak U, Abali Y. Differentiation of benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes: value of B-mode and color Doppler sonography. Eur J Radiol 1998;28:230-234.
17. Langenbach A, McManus PM, Hendrick MJ, Shofer FS, Sorenmo KU. Sensitivity and specificity of methods of assessing the regional lymph nodes for evidence of metastasis in dogs and cats with solid tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001;218:1424-1428.
18. Ross JT, Scavelli TD, Matthieson DT, Patinak AK. Adenocarcinoma of the apocrine glands of the anal sac in dogs: a review of 32 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1991;27:349-355.
19. Withrow SJ. Perianal tumours. In: Withrow SJ, MacEwen EG (eds): Small Animal Clinical Oncology, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2001;346-353.
20. Mattoon JS, Nyland TG. Ultrasonography of the general abdomen. In: Nyland TG, Mattoon JS (eds): Veterinary Diagnostic Ultrasound, Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1995;43-51.
21. Luerssen D, Janthur M. Lymph nodes. In: Poulsen Nautrup C, Tobias R (eds): An Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Ultrasonography of the Dog and Cat. London: Manson Publishing, 2000;244-247.
22. Hoelzler MG, Bellah JR, Donofro MC. Omentalization of cystic sublumbar lymph node metastases for long-term palliation of tenesmus and dysuria in a dog with anal sac adenocarcinoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001;219:1729-1731, 1708.
23. Toriyabe Y, Nishimura T, Kita S, Saito Y, Miyokawa N. Differentiation between benign and metastatic cervical lymph nodes with ultrasound. Clin Radiol 1997;52:927-932.
24. Tyrrell CJ, Cosgrove DO, McCready VR. Proceedings: The assessment of abdominal lymph-nodes with ultrasound. Br J Radiol 1976;49:732.
25. Ritchie WG. Sonographic demonstration of abdominal visceral lymph node enlargement. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1982;138:517-521.
26. Hajek PC, Salomonowitz E, Turk R, Tscholakoff D, Kumpan W, Czembirek H. Lymph nodes of the neck: evaluation with US. Radiology 1986;158:739-742.
27. Ahuja A, Ying M, Yang WT, Evans R, King W, Metreweli C. The use of sonography in differentiating cervical lymphomatous lymph nodes from cervical metastatic lymph nodes. Clin Radiol 1996;51:186-190.
28. Yoshida H, Yusa H, Ueno E, Tohno E, Tsunoda-Shimizu H. Ultrasonographic evaluation of small cervical lymph nodes in head and neck cancer. Ultrasound Med Biol 1998;24:621-629.
29. Ahuja A, Ying M, King W, Metreweli C. A practical approach to ultrasound of cervical lymph nodes. J Laryngol Otol 1997;111:245-256.
30. Sakai F, Kiyono K, Sone S, et al. Ultrasonic evaluation of cervical metastatic lymphadenopathy. J Ultrasound Med 1988;7:305-310.
31. Tohnosu N, Onoda S, Isono K. Ultrasonographic evaluation of cervical lymph node metastases in esophageal cancer with special reference to the relationship between the short to long axis ratio (S/L) and the cancer content. J Clin Ultrasound 1989;17:101-106.
32. van den Brekel MW, Stel HV, Castelijns JA, et al. Cervical lymph node metastasis: assessment of radiologic criteria. Radiology 1990;177:379-384.
33. Shozushima M, Suzuki M, Nakasima T, Yanagisawa Y, Sakamaki K, Takeda Y. Ultrasound diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1990;19:165-170.
34. Asher W, Freimanis AK. Echographic diagnosis of retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1969;105:438-445.
35. Evans RM, Ahuja A, Metreweli C. The linear echogenic hilus in cervical lymphadenopathy - a sign of benignity or malignancy? Clin Radiol 1993;47:262-264.
36. Hillman BJ, Haber K. Echographic characteristics of malignant lymph nodes. J Clin Ultrasound 1980;8:213-215.
37. Takeuchi Y, Suzuki H, Omura K, et al. Differential diagnosis of cervical lymph nodes in head and neck cancer by ultrasonography. Auris Nasus Larynx 1999;26:331-336.
38. Ahuja AT, Ying M, Yuen HY, Metreweli C. "Pseudocystic" appearance of non-Hodgkin's lymphomatous nodes: an infrequent finding with high-resolution transducers. Clin Radiol 2001;56:111-115.
39. Majer MC, Hess CF, Kolbel G, Schmiedl U. Small arteries in peripheral lymph nodes: a specific US sign of lymphomatous involvement. Radiology 1988;168:241-243.
40. Ying M, Ahuja A, Metreweli C. Diagnostic accuracy of sonographic criteria for evaluation of cervical lymphadenopathy. J Ultrasound Med 1998;17:437-445.
41. Steinkamp HJ, Cornehl M, Hosten N, Pegios W, Vogl T, Felix R. Cervical lymphadenopathy: ratio of long- to short-axis diameter as a predictor of malignancy. Br J Radiol 1995;68:266-270.
42. Marchal G, Oyen R, Verschakelen J, Gelin J, Baert AL, Stessens RC. Sonographic appearance of normal lymph nodes. J Ultrasound Med 1985;4:417-419.