A practical approach to ultrasound of cervical lymph nodes

Journal of Laryngology and Otology

Volumn 111, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 245-256

  Ahuja, A ^a   Ying, M ^a   King, W ^a   Metreweli, C ^a  

^a CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Lymph nodes; Ultrasonography

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ASPIRATION BIOPSY; CALCIFICATION; CERVICAL LYMPH NODE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOLOGY; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LYMPHADENOPATHY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NECROSIS; SOFT TISSUE;

EID: 0030993586     PISSN: 00222151     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100137004     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Ahuja, A., Chow, L., Mok, C. O., King, W., Metreweli, C. (1995a) Metastatic cervical lymph nodes in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: ultrasound and histological correlation. Clinical Radiology 50:229-231.
2. Ahuja, A., Ying, M., Evans, R., King, W., Metreweli, C. (1995b) The application of ultrasound criteria for malignancy in differentiating tuberculous cervical adenitis from metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clinical Radiology 50: 391-395.
3. Bruneton, J. N., Normand, F. (1987) Cervical lymph nodes. In Ultrasonography of the Neck. (Bruneton, J. ed.) Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 81-92.
4. De Lellis, R. A. (1989) Endocrine system. In Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. (Cotran, R. S., Kumar, V., Robbins, S. L., eds.) 4th Edition. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, pp 1205-1276.
5. Gorman, B., Charboneau, J. W., James, M. E., Reading, C. C., Wold, L. E., Grant, C. S., Gharib, H., Hay, I. D. (1987) Medullary thyroid carcinoma: Role of high resolution US. Radiology 162: 147-150.
6. Gupta, A. K., Nayar, M., Chandra, M. (1992) Critical appraisal of fine needle aspiration cytology in tuberculous lymphadenopathy. Acta Cytologica 36 (3): 391-394.
7. Hajek, P. C., Salomonowitz, E., Turk, R., Tscholakoff, D., Kumpan, W., Czembriek, H. (1986) Lymph nodes of the neck: Evaluation with US. Radiology 158: 739-742.
8. Harnsberger, H. R. (1995) Handbook of Head and Neck Imaging. 2nd Edition. Mosby-Year Book, St Louis, pp 199-223.
9. Ishii, J. I., Fuji, E., Suzuki, H., Shinozuka, K., Kawase N., Amagasa, T. (1992) Ultrasonic diagnosis of oral and neck malignant lymphoma. Bulletin. Tokyo Medical and Dental University 39: 63-69.
10. Kline, T. S. (1981) Lymph nodes and superficial masses. In Handbook of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology. (Lotz, J. E., ed.) CV Mosby, St Louis, pp 23-64.
11. Lindberg, R. (1972) Distribution of cervical lymph node metastases from squamous cell carcinoma of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts. Cancer 29:1446-1449.
12. Muraki, A. S., Mancuso, A. A., Harnsberger, H. R. (1984) Metastatic cervical adenopathy from tumours of unknown primary: The role of CT. Radiology 152: 749-753.
13. Pilotti, S., Di Palma, S., Alasio, L., Bartoli, C., Rilke, F. (1993) Diagnostic assessment of enlarged superficial lymph nodes by fine needle aspiration. Acta Cytologica 37 (6): 853-866.
14. Rubaltelli.L., Proto, E., Salmaso, R., Bortoletto, P., Candiani, F., Cagol, P. (1990) Sonography of abnormal lymph nodes in vitro: Correlation of sonographic and histologic findings. American Journal of Roentgenology 155: 1241-1244.
15. Sakai, F., Kiyono, K., Sone, S., Kondo, Y., Oguchi, M., Watanabe, T., Sakai, Y., Imai, Y., Takeda, S., Yamamoto, K., Ota, H. (1988) Ultrasonic evaluation of cervical metastatic lymphadenopathy. Journal of Ultrasound Medicine 7: 305-310.
16. Schwerk, W. B., Grun, R., Wahl, R. (1985) Ultrasound diagnosis of C-cell carcinoma of the thyroid. Cancer 55: 624-630.
17. Shozushima, M., Suzuki, M., Nakashima, T., Yanagisawa, Y., Sakamaki, K., Takeda, Y. (1990) Ultrasound diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 19: 165-170.
18. Solbiati, L., Cioffi, V., Ballarati, E. (1992) Ultrasonography of the neck. Radiologic Clinics of North America 30 (5): 941-954.
19. Som, P. M. (1987) Lymph nodes of the neck. Radiology 165: 593-600.
20. Tohnosu, N., Onada, S., Isono, K. (1989) Ultrasonographic evaluation of cervical lymph node metastases in esophageal cancer with special reference between the short to long axis ratio (S/L) and the cancer content. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound 17: 101-106.
21. van Overhagen, H., Lameris, J. S., Berger, M. Y., van der Voorde, F., Tilanus, H. W. (1991) Carcinoma of the esophagus and gastro-esophageal junction: Assessment with CT, US, and US-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy. Radiology 179: 155-158.
22. Ying, M., Ahuja, A., Brook, F., Brown, B., Metreweli, C. (1996) The sonographic appearances and distribution of normal cervical lymph nodes in Chinese population. Journal of Ultrasound Medicine 15: 431-436.