Catalytic reduction in subcritical water

Green Chemistry

Volumn 2, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 87-88

  Jennings, Jeanne M ^a   Bryson, Thomas A ^a   Gibson, James M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b WINGATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 2342550375     PISSN: 14639262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1039/b000231n     Document Type: Article

References (28)

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8. Sub- or near-critical water generally refers to pressurized (ca. 60 bar) water below 325°C, see: P. Zurer, Chem. Eng. News, 2000, 78, 26.
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14. (b) Reductions in Organic Chemistry, ed. M. Hudlicky, ACS Monograph 188, ACS, Washington, DC, 1996, p. 15, and references cited therein.
15. Pd-formic acid hydrogen transfer studies: (a) S. Ram and L. D. Spicer, Tetrahedron Lett., 1988, 291, 3741;
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19. Ru-formic acid hydrogen transfer study: M. E. Gordon, D. C. Gaba, K. A. Jebber and D. M. Zacharias, Organometallics, 1993, 12, 5020.
20. Equipment: Two types of reactors have been employed. A Parr pressure reactor heated in a sand bath or oven and a capped 316 stainless steel tube heated in a muffle oven. The latter can be equipped with a thermocouple and fiber optic probe.
21. Calculation of pressure: Introduction to Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer, Y. A. Çenge, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1997, pp. 849-855.
22. 1H NMR, mass spectroscopy and chromatographic comparison to authentic compounds. Some work-up procedures required pH adjustment and chromatography.
23. Samples of 50 mg to 2 g of alkene or alkyne have been hydrogenated. The following represents a typical reaction affording the data of Table 1: Hydrogenation of 5-decyne (0.371 g) to decane (89%) uses sodium formate (0.476 g) and 10% Pd/C (0.052 g) with 3.6 ml of water in a 10 ml pressure reactor. The temperature was brought to and maintained at ca. 308°C for 0.5 h. The organics were separated from the salted water layer and analyzed by GC.
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26. P. Teissere, M. Plattier, W. Wojnarowski and G. Ourisson, Bull. Chem. Soc. Fr., 1966, 2749.
27. T. A. Bryson, J. M. Jennings and J. M. Gibson, Tetrahedron Lett., 2000, 41, in press.
28. See http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/greenchemistry/whatis.htm for green chemistry concepts and goals.