Do minimally invasive procedures have a place in the treatment of chronic low back pain?

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 479-490

  Cahana, Alex ^a   Mavrocordatos, Philippe ^a   Geurts, Jos W M ^b   Groen, Gerbrand J ^c  

^a GENEVA UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS   (Switzerland)

^b RIJNSTATE HOSPITAL   (Netherlands)

^c UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Chronic low back pain; Cord stimulation; Discography; Epidural injections; Facet joint pain; Neural blockade; Percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis; Radiofrequency; Spinal endoscopy; Spinal intrathecal pumps

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ADENOSINE; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ASPARTIC ACID; BACLOFEN; BICUCULLINE; BOTULINUM TOXIN; CATHEPSIN G; CHYMOPAPAIN; CONTRAST MEDIUM; CYTOKINE; FENTANYL; GABAPENTIN; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLYCINE; LOCAL ANESTHETIC AGENT; MATRILYSIN; MORPHINE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; NEUROTRANSMITTER; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; OPIATE; SEROTONIN; STEROID; SUBSTANCE P; TRAMADOL; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ACUPUNCTURE; BED REST; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; BLEEDING; CHRONIC PAIN; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT; COPING BEHAVIOR; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; CRYOTHERAPY; DECOMPRESSION SURGERY; DISABILITY; DISKOGRAPHY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; ENDOSCOPY; EPIDURAL NEUROPLASTY; EXERCISE; HEALTH CARE COST; HUMAN; HYPERTHERMIC THERAPY; INFECTION; INTERVERTEBRAL DISKECTOMY; LAMINECTOMY; LOW BACK PAIN; MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATIENT SATISFACTION; PHYSIOTHERAPY; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PREVALENCE; RADICULOPATHY; RADIOFREQUENCY; REINFORCEMENT; RELAXATION TRAINING; REVIEW; SACROILIAC JOINT; SPINAL CORD STIMULATION; SPINE FUSION; SPINE INJURY; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TRANSCUTANEOUS NERVE STIMULATION; ZYGAPOPHYSEAL JOINT;

ANALGESICS, OPIOID; CHRONIC DISEASE; HUMANS; INJECTIONS, SPINAL; LOW BACK PAIN; LUMBAR VERTEBRAE; PAIN MEASUREMENT; SURGICAL PROCEDURES, MINIMALLY INVASIVE;

EID: 2342493345     PISSN: 14737175     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14737175.4.3.479     Document Type: Review

References (82)

1. Merskey H, Bogduk N. Descriptions of chronic pain syndromes and definitions of pain terms. In: Classification of Chronic Pain. Second Edition. IASP Press, WA, USA (1994).
2. Borenstein DG. Epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic evaluation and treatment of low back pain. Curr. Opinion in Rheumatol. 12, 143-149 (2000).
3. McCombe PF, Fairbank JCT, Cockersole BC, Punsent PB. Reproducibility of physical signs in low back pain. Spine 14, 908-918 (1989).
4. Raspe H. How epidemiology contributes to the management of spinal disorders. Best Practice Res. Clin. Rheumatol. 16(1), 9-21 (2002).
5. Kuslich SD, Ulstrom CL, Michael CJ. The tissue origin of low back pain and sciatica: a report of patient response to tissue stimulation during operation on the lumbar spine using local anesthesia. Orthop. Clin. North Am 22(2), 181-187 (1991).
6. Andersson GBJ. Epidemiological features of chronic low back pain. Lancet 354, 581-585 (1999).
7. Palmer KT, Walsh K, Bendall H et al. Back pain in Britain: comparison of two prevalence surveys at an interval of 10 years. Br. Med. J. 320, 1577-1578 (2000).
8. Walker BF. The prevalence of low back pain: a systematic review of the literature from 1966 to 1998. J Spinal Disord. 13, 205-217 (2000).
9. Bressler HB, Keyes WJ, Rochon PA et al. The prevalence of low back pain in the elderly, a systematic review of the literature. Spine 24, 1813-1819 (1999).
10. van Tulder M. Low Back Pain. Best Prac. Res. Clin. Rheumatol. 16(5), 761-775 (2002).
11. Hough J. Estimating the healthcare utilization costs associated with people with disabilities: data from the 1996 Medical expenditure panel survey. Annual Meeting of the Association for Health Services Research, CA, USA (2000).
12. van Tulder M, Koes BW, Bouter LM. A cost-illness study of back pain in the Netherlands. Pain 62(2), 233-240 (1995).
13. Williams DA, Feuerstein M, Durbin D et al. Healthcare and indemnity costs across the natural history of disability in occupational low back pain. Spine 23, 2329-2336 (1998).
14. Croft PR, Macfarlane GJ, Papageorgiou AC, Thomas E, Silman AJ. Outcome of low back pain in general practice: a prospective study. Br. Med. J. 316 (7141), 1356-1359 (1998).
15. Hestbaek L, Leboeuf-Yde C, Manniche C. Low back pain: what is the long-term course? A review of studies of general populations. Eur. Spine J. 12(2), 149-165 (2003).
16. Al-Obaidi SM, Nelson RM, Al-Awadhi S et al. The role of anticipation and fear of pain in the persistence of avoidance behavior in patients with chronic low back pain. Spine 25, 1126-1131 (2000).
17. Zeidler H, Borenstein D. Recent advances in diagnosis and comprehensive management of more general spinal disorders. Best Prac. Res. Clin. Rheumatol. 16, 1-7 (2002).
18. Birkmeyer NJ, Weistein JN. Medical versus surgical treatment for low back pain: evidence and clinical practice. Eff. Clin. Prac. 2, 218-227 (1999).
19. Hagen KB, Hilde G, Jamtvedt G. The Cochrane review of bed rest for acute low back pain and sciatica. Spine 25, 2932-2939 (2000).
20. Burton AK, Waddell G, Tillotson KM, Summerton N. Information and advice to patients with back pain have a positive effect. Spine 24, 2484-2491 (1999).
21. Ferreira PH, Ferreira ML, Maher CG, Refihuage K, Herbert RD, Latimer J. Effect of applying different levels of evidence criteria conclusions of Cochrane reviews of interventions for low back pain. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 55(11), 1126-1129 (2002).
22. Wittink H, Hoskins MT, Wagner A et al. Deconditioning in patients with chronic low back pain: fact or fiction. Spine 25, 2221-2228 (2000).
23. van Tulder MW, Malmivaara A, Esmail R et al. Exercise therapy for low back pain. A systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane collaboration back review group. Spine 25, 2784-2796 (2000).
24. Desmeules JA, Cedraschi C, Piguet V, Allaz AF, Dayer P. Advances with analgesics and NSAIDS for the treatment of spinal disorders. Best Prac. Res. Clin. Rheumatology 16(1), 105-121 (2002). Excellent review of current clinical pharmacotherapy for spinal pain.
25. Fishbain D. Evidence based data on pain relief with antidepressants. Ann. Med. 32, 305-316 (2000).
26. Braverman DL, Slipman CW, Lenrow DA. Using gabapentine to treat failed back surgery syndrome caused by epidural fibrosis: a report of two cases. Arch Phys. Med Rehabil. 82, 691-693 (2001).
27. van Tulder MW, Schloten RJ, Koes BW et al. NSAIDS for low back pain: a systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane collaboration back review group. Spine 25, 2501-2513 (2000).
28. Schnitzer TJ, Gray WL, Paster RZ et al. Efficacy of tramadol in the treatment of low back pain. J. Rheumatol. 27, 772-778 (2000).
29. Allan L, Hays H, Jensen NH et al. Randomized crossover trial of transdermal fentanyl and sustained release oral morphine for treating chronic noncancer pain. Br. Med. J. 322(7295), 1154-1158 (2001).
30. Leibling E, Leohardt U, Köster G et al. Acupuncture treatment of CLBP- A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial with 9 month follow-up. Pain 96, 189-196 (2002).
31. Nordin M, Welser S, Campello MA, Pietrek M. Self care techniques for acute episodes of low back pain. Best Prac. Res. Clin. Rheumatology 16(1), 89-104 (2002).
32. Van Tulder MW, Ostelo R, Vlaeyen JW et al. Behavioral treatment for low back pain: a systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane collaboration back review group. Spine 25, 2688-2699 (2000).
33. Moore JE, Von Korff M, Cherkin D, Saunders K, Long K. A randomized trial of a cognitive behavioral program for enhancing back pain self care in a primary setting. Pain 88, 145-153 (2000).
34. Nelemans PJ, deBie RA, de Ver HCW, Strumas F. Injection therapy for subacute and chronic benign low back pain. Spine 26, 501-515 (2001).
35. Foster L, Clapp L, Erickson M, Jabbari B. Botulinum toxin A and chronic low back pain. A randomized, double-blind study. Neurology 56, 1290-1293 (2001).
36. Wassell JT, Gardner LI, Landsittel DP et al. A prospective study of back belts for prevention of back pain and injury. JAMA 284, 2727-2732 (2000).
37. Collacott EA, Zimmerman JT, White DW. Bipolar magnets for the treatment of chronic low back pain. JAMA 283, 1322-1325 (2000).
38. Gibson JNA, Grant IC, Waddell G. The Cochrane review of surgery for lumbar disc prolapse and degenerative lumbar spondylosis. Spine 24, 1820-1832 (1999).
39. Brox JI, Sorensen R, Friis A et al. RCT comparing lumbar instrumented fusion with cognitive intervention and exercises in patients with CLBP due to disc degeneration. Spine 28(17), 1913-1921 (2003).
40. Turner JA, Ersek M, Herron LD. Patient outcomes after lumbar spine fusions: a comprehensive literature synthesis. JAMA 268, 907-911 (1992).
41. Iguchi T, Kurihara A, Nakamaya J et al. Minimum 10 year outcome of decompressive laminectomy for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Spine 25, 1754-1759 (2000).
42. Matsunaga S, Iriji K, Hayashi K. Neurosurgically managed patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis: a 10 to 18 year follow-up study. J. Neurosurg. 93, 194-198 (2000).
43. Kim D, Todd JA. Update on use of instrumentation in lumbar spine disorders. Best Prac. Res. Clin. Rheumatol. 16(1), 123-140 (2002).
44. Besson JM. The neurobiology of pain. Lancet 353, 1610-1615 (1999).
45. Coward K, Plumpton C, Facer P et al. Immuno-localization of SNS/PN3 and NaN/SNS2 sodium channels in human pain states. Pain 85, 41-50 (2000).
46. DeLeo JA, Winkelstein BA. Physiology of chronic pain syndromes. Spine 27(22), 2526-2537 (2002).
47. Coppes MH, Marani E, Thomeer RT, Groen GJ. Innervation of painful lumbar discs. Spine 22, 2342-2350 (1997).
48. Harrington JF, Meiser AA, Breiter D et al. Herniated disc material as a source of free glutamate available to affect pain signals through the dorsal root ganglion. Spine 25, 929-936 (2000).
49. Haro, H, Crawford HC, Fingleton B et al. Matrix metalloproteinase 7 dependent release of tumor necrosis factor-α in a model of herniated disc resorption. J. Clin. Invest. 105, 143-150 (2000).
50. Stolker RJ, Vervest AC, Groen GJ. The management of chronic spinal pain by blockades: a review. Pain 58 (1), 1-20 (1994).
51. Vroomen PC, de Krom MC, Wilmink JT. Pathoanatomy of clinical findings in patients with sciatica: a MRI study. J. Neurosurg. 92 (2S), 135-141 (2000).
52. Kendrick D, Feilding K, Bentley E, Kerslake R, Miller P, Pringle M. Radiography of the lumbar spine in primary care patients with low back pain; randomized controlled trial. Br. Med. J. 322, 400-405 (2001).
53. Smith B, Hurewitz EL, Slosberg D et al. Inter-observer reliability of detecting lumbar intervertebral disc high intensity zone on magnetic resonance imaging and association of high intensity zone with pain and annular disruption. Spine 23(19), 2074-2080 (1998).
54. Waddel G, Turk DC. Clinical assessment of low back pain. In: Handbook of Pain Assessment. Turk DC, Melzack R (Eds). The Guilford Press, NY, USA, 15-37 (1992).
55. Revel M, Poiraudeau S, Auleley GR et al. Capacity of the clinical picture to characterize low back pain relieved by facet joint anesthesia. Proposed criteria to identify patients with painful facet joints. Spine 23, 1972-1977 (1998).
56. Carragee EJ, Tanner CM, Khurana S et al. The rates of false positive lumbar discography in select patients without low back symptoms. Spine 25, 1373-1380 (2000).
57. Saal JS, Saal JA. IDET for chronic discogenic low back pain. A prospective outcome study with minimum 1-year follow-up. Spine 25, 2601-2607 (2000)
58. Lee J, Lutz GE, Campbell D. Stability of the lumbar spine after IDET. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 82, 120-122 (2001).
59. Singh V, Piryani C, Liao K. Percutaneous disc compression using coablation (Nucleoplasty) in the treatment of discogenic pain. Pain Physician 5, 250-259 (2002).
60. Kim YS, Chin DK, Yoon DH, Jin BH, Cho YE. Predictors of successful outcome for lumbar chemonucleolysis analysis of 3000 cases during the last 14 years. Neurosurgery 51(5S), 123-128 (2002).
61. Barendse DA, van Den Berg SG, Kessels AH, Weber WE, van Kleef M. Randomized controlled trial of percutaneous intradiscal radiofrequency thermocoagulation for chronic discogenic back pain: lack of effect from a 90-second 70°c lesion. Spine 26(3), 287-292 (2001).
62. Wetzel FT, Mc Nally TA, Phillips FM. Intradiscal electrothermal therapy used to manage chronic discogenic low back pain. Spine 27(22), 2621-2626 (2002).
63. Groen GJ, Baljet B, Drukker J. Nerves and nerve plexuses of the human vertebral column. Am. J. Anat. 188 (3), 282-296 (1990).
64. Manchikanti L, Pampati V, Fellows B et al. The diagnostic validity and therapeutic value of lumbar facet joint nerve blocks with or without adjuvant agents. Curr. Rev. Pain 4, 337-344 (2000).
65. Geurts JW, van Wijk RM, Stolker RJ, Groen GJ. Efficacy of radiofrequency procedures for the treatment of spinal pain: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 26(5), 394-400 (2001). Systematic review of randomized controlled trials performed in the field of radiofrequency treatments treatments for spinal pain.
66. Machikanti L, Staats S, Singh V et al. Evidence based practice guidelines for interventional techniques in the management of chronic spinal pain. Pain Physician 6, 3-81 (2003). Comprehensive review in which practical evidence based recommendations for interventional pain techniques are made.
67. Cohen SP, Abdi S. Lateral branch blocks as a treatment for sacroiliac joint pain: a pilot study. Reg. Anest. Pain Med. 28 (2), 113-119 (2003).
68. Heavner JE, Racz GB, Raj PP. Percutaneous epidural neuroplasty: prospective evaluation of 0.9% NaCl versus 10% NaCl with or without hyaluronidase. Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 24, 202-207 (1999).
69. Manchikanti L, Pampati V, Bakhit CE, Pakanati RR. nonendoscopic and endoscopic adhesiolysis in post laminectomy syndrome: a one year outcome study and cost effectiveness analysis. Pain Physician 2, 52-58 (1999).
70. Geurts JW, Kallewaard JW, Richardson J, Groen GJ. Targeted methylprednisolone acetate/hyaluronidase/clonidine injection after diagnostic epiduroscopy for chronic sciatica: a prospective, 1-year follow-up study. Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 27(4), 343-352 (2002). A recent prospective case series regarding the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of spinal endoscopy in refractory painful lumbar radiculopathy.
71. Kitahata LM. Recent advances in epiduroscopy. J. Anesth. 16, 222-228 (2002).
72. Richardson J, McGurgan P, Cheema S, Prasad R, Gupta S. Spinal endoscopy in chronic low back pain with radiculopathy: a prospective case series. Anaesthesia 56, 447-484 (2001)
73. Taha JM, Tew JM. Honored guest presentation: therapeutic decisions in facial pain. Clin. Neurosurg. 46, 410-431 (2000).
74. Munglani R. The longer term effect of pulsed radiofrequency for neuropathic pain. Pain 80, 437-439 (1999).
75. Cahana A, Vutskits L, Muller D. Acute differential modulation of synaptic transmission and cell survival during exposure to pulsed and continuous radiofrequency energy. J. Pain. 4(4), 197-202 (2003). First study to suggest that radiofrequency (RF) and PRF (pulsed RF) induce different electrophysiological and morphological phenomena on neural tissue.
76. Stiller C-O, Cui J-G, O'Connor WT et al. Release of GABA in the dorsal horn and suppression of tactile allodynia by spinal cord stimulation in mononeuropathic rats. Neurosurgery 39, 367-375 (1996).
77. Duggan AW, Fong FW. Bicuculline and spinal inhibition produced by dorsal column stimulation in the cat. Pain 22, 249-259 (1985).
78. North RB, Kidd DH, Winberly RL. Spinal cord stimulation versus reoperation for the failed back surgery syndrome: a prospective, randomized study design. Stereotact. Funct. Neurosurg. 62, 267-272 (1994).
79. Kumar K, Malik S, Demeria D. Treatment of chronic pain with SCS versus alternative therapies: Cost effectiveness analysis. Neurosurgery 51, 106-116 (2002).
80. North RB, Kidd DH, Zahurak M et al. Spinal cord stimulation for chronic intractable pain: experience over two decades. Neurosurgery 32, 384-95 (1993).
81. Bennett G, Burchiel K, Buchser E et al Clinical guidelines for intraspinal infusion: report of an expert panel. J. Pain Symptom management 20, S37-S43 (2000). Expert panel report on clinical guidelines recommended for intrathecal treatments for spinal pain.
82. Prager JP. Neuraxial medication delivery. The development and maturity of a concept for treating chronic pain of spinal origin. Spine 27, 2593-2605 (2002).