The marketing and demarketing of tobacco products to low-income African-Americans

Health Marketing Quarterly

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 51-68

  Lee, Doohee ^a   Cutler, Bob D ^a   Burns, Jennifer ^b  

^a CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Columbus State University   (United States)

Author keywords

Advertising; Attitudes; Low income populations; Tobacco; TV radio magazines movies Internet

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGED; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CHILD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ECONOMICS; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; HOUSING; HUMAN; MALE; MARKETING; MASS MEDIUM; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; POVERTY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SMOKING; TOBACCO INDUSTRY; UNITED STATES; VULNERABLE POPULATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICANS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CHILD; FEMALE; GEORGIA; HUMANS; MALE; MARKETING; MASS MEDIA; MIDDLE AGED; POVERTY; PUBLIC HOUSING; SMOKING; TOBACCO INDUSTRY; UNITED STATES; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS;

EID: 23244433033     PISSN: 07359683     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1300/J026v22n02_04     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. American Cancer Society (2000), Cancer Facts and Figures 2000. Atlanta: ACS.
2. American Lung Association (2001), Thumbs Up! Thumbs Down! Project of the American Lung Association of Sacramento-Emigrant Trails. [Online-accessed on April 29, 2004] http://www.saclung.org
3. Andrews, Rick L. and George R. Franke (1991), "The Determinants of Cigarette Consumption: A Meta-Analysis," Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 10, 81-100.
4. Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen and George Terhanian (1998), "Adolescents' Responses to Cigarette Advertisements: Links Between Exposure, Liking, and the Appeal of Smoking," Tobacco Control, 7, 129-133.
5. Becker, Diane M., Deborah Rohm Young, Lisa R. Yanek, Carolyn C. Boorhees, David M. Levine, and Neal Janey (1998), "Smoking Restriction Policy Attitudes in a Diverse African American Population," American Journal of Health Behavior, 22, 451-459.
6. Biener, Lois, R. H. Aseltine, Jr., B. Cohen, and M. Anderka (1998), "Reactions of Adult and Teenage Smokers to the Massachusetts Tobacco Tax," American Journal of Public Health, 88 (9), 1389-1392.
7. Biener, Lois and Michael Siegel (2000), "Tobacco Marketing and Adolescent Smoking: More Support for a Causal Inference," American Journal of Public Health, 90, 407-412.
8. Carabello R. S., G. A. Giovino, T. F. Pechacek, P. D. Mowery. P. A. Richter, W. J. Strauss, D. J. Sharp, M. P. Ericksen, J. L. Pirkle and K. R. Maurer (1998), "Racial and Ethnic Differences in Serum Cotinine Levels of Cigarette Smokers, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991," Journal of the American Medical Association, 280 (2): 135-139.
9. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2001a), "Cigarette Smoking Among Adults-United States 1999," MMWR Weekly, 40, 869-873.
10. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2001b), "State-Specific Prevalence of Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults, and Policies and Attitudes About Secondhand Smoke, 2000," MMWR Weekly, 50, 1101-1107.
11. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1998), "A Report of the Surgeon General: Executive Summary. Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups," United States Department of Health and Human Services.
12. Chaloupka, F. J., K. M. Cummings, C. P. Morley and J. K. Horan (2002), "Tax, Price, and Cigarette Smoking: Evidence from the Tobacco Documents and Implications for Tobacco Company Marketing Strategies," Tobacco Control, 11, i62-i72.
13. Dalton, Madeline A., Jennifer J. Tickle, James D. Sargent, Michael L. Beach, Bridget M. Ahrens, and Todd F. Heatherton (2002), "The Incidence and Context of Tobacco Use in Popular Movies from 1988 To 1997," Preventive Medicine, 34, 516-523.
14. DiFranza, Joseph R., Mardia Coleman, and Dorothy St. Cyr (1999), "A Comparison of the Advertising and Accessibility of Cigars, Cigarettes, Chewing Tobacco, and Loose Tobacco," Preventive Medicine, 29, 321-326.
15. Durand Richard M., Jesse E. Teel and William O. Bearden (1979), "Racial Differences in Perceptions of Media Advertising Credibility," Journalism Quarterly, 56, 562-566.
16. Fairclough, Gordon (1999), "Philip Morns' TV Ad Campaign Seeks to Repair Cigarette Maker's Image," Wall Street Journal, October 13, at B13.
17. Feighery, Ellen, Dina L. G. Borzekowski, Caroline Schooler, and June Flora (1998), "Seeing, Wanting, Owning: The Relationship Between Receptivity to Tobacco Marketing and Smoking Susceptibility in Young People," Tobacco Control, 7, 123-128.
18. Gilpin, Elizabeth A., John P. Pierce and Bradley Rosbrook (1997), "Are Adolescents Receptive to Current Sales Promotion Practices of the Tobacco Industry?" Preventive Medicine, 26, 14-21.
19. Hackbarth, D. P., B. Silvestri and W. Cosper (1995), "Tobacco and Alcohol Billboards in 50 Chicago Neighborhoods: Market Segmentation to Sell Dangerous Products to the Poor," Journal of Public Health Policy, 16 (2), 213-230.
20. King, Charles III, Michael Siegel, and Linda G. Pucci (2000), "Exposure of Black Youths to Cigarette Advertising in Magazines," Tobacco Control, 9, 64-70.
21. Kurtz, M. E., J. C. Kurtz, D. Contreras and C. Booth (2003), "Knowledge and Attitudes of Economically Disadvantaged Women Regarding Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: A Michigan, USA Study," European Journal of Public Health, 13 (2), 171-176.
22. Lacey, L. P., C. Manfredi G. Balch, R. B. Warnecke, K. Allen and C. Edwards (1993), "Social Support in Smoking Cessation Among Black Women in Chicago Public Housing," Public Health Reports, 108 (3), 387-394.
23. Lewis, M. J., S. G. Yulis, C. Delnevo and M. Hrywna (2004), "Tobacco industry direct marketing after the Master Settlement Agreement," Health Promotional Practice, 5 (3 Supplement), 75S-83S.
24. Luke, Douglas, Emily Esmundo Emily and Yael Bloom (2000), "Smoke signs: Patterns of tobacco billboard advertising in a metropolitan region," Tobacco Control, 9, 16-23.
25. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR, 2003), Cigarette smoking among adults-U.S., 2001, Oct. 10, 52 (40).
26. MacFayden, Lynn, Gerald Hastings, and Anne Marie Mackintosh (2001), "Cross-Sectional Study of Young People's Awareness of and Involvement with Tobacco Marketing," British Medical Journal, 322, 513-517.
27. Mekemson, C. and S. A. Glantz (2002), "How the Tobacco Industry Built Its Relationship with Hollywood," Tobacco Control, 11, i81-i91.
28. Pierce, John P., Elizabeth A. Gilpin, and Won S. Choi (1999), "Sharing the Blame: Smoking Experimentation and Future Smoking-Attributable Mortality Due to Joe Camel and Marlboro Advertising and Promotions," Tobacco Control. 8, 37-44.
29. Pollay, Richard W. (2000), "Targeting Youth and Concerned Smokers: Evidence from Canadian Tobacco Industry Documents," Tobacco Control, 9, 136-147.
30. Sargent, James D., Jennifer J. Tickle, Michael L. Beach, Madeline A. Dalton, M. Bridget Ahrens and Todd F. Heatherton (2001), "Brand Appearances in Contemporary Cinema Films and Contribution to Global Marketing of Cigarettes," Lancet, 357, 29-33.
31. Sargent, James D., Michael L. Beach, Madeline A. Dalton, Leila A. Mott, Jennifer J. Tickle, M. Bridget Ahrens and Todd F. Heatherton (2001), "Effect of Seeing Tobacco Use in Films on Trying Smoking in Adolescents: Cross Sectional Study," British Medical Journal, 323, 1394-1404.
32. Smith, Gary R. and Ray L. Patterson (1996), "Manufacturing and Marketing Tobacco: An Inquiry into the Relevance of Integrity," Cancer Prevention International, 2, 155-165.
33. Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students-United States, 1999 (2000), MMWR, 49 (3): 51.
34. Townsend J., P. Roderick and J. Cooper (1994), "Cigarette Smoking by Socioeconomic Group, Sex, and Age: Effects of Price, Income and Health Publicity," British Medical Journal, 309 (6959), 923-930.
35. United States Department of Health and Human Services (1998), Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups-African Americans, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
36. United States Department of Health and Human Services (2000), Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of the Surgeon General-Executive Summary. Atlanta, GA: United States Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Disease Control, National Center for Chronic Disease and Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health.
37. U.S. Census Bureau. Statistical Abstract of the United States (2003), Multimedia Audiences-Summary: 2002.
38. Wakefield, M., C. Morely, J. K. Horan and K. M. Cummings (2002), "The Cigarette Pack as Image: New Evidence from Tobacco Industry Documents," Tobacco Control, 11, i73-i80.
39. Wang, Min Qu and Joan E. Cowdery (1994), "Southern Adolescents: A Survey of Attitudes and Beliefs About Smoking," Southern Medical Journal, 87, 1097-1103.
40. Wildey, Marianne, Russell Young, John Elder, Carl Moor, Kimberly Wolf, Kim Fiske and Erica Sharp (1992), "Cigarette Point-of-Sale Advertising in Ethnic Neighborhoods in San Diego, California," Health Values: The Journal of Health Behavior, Education, and Promotion, 16, 23-28.
41. Willemsen, Marc C. and Wil M. Zwart (1999), "The Effectiveness of Policy and Health Education Strategies for Reducing Adolescent Smoking: A Review of the Evidence," Journal of Adolescence, 22, 587-599
42. Yoon, K. (1995), "Comparison of Beliefs About Advertising, Attitude Toward Advertising, and Materialism Held by African Americans and Caucasians," Psychological Reports, 77, 455-466.