The role of optic nerve blood flow in the pathogenesis of glaucoma

Ophthalmology Clinics of North America

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 345-353

  Harris, Alon ^a   Rechtman, Ehud ^b   Siesky, Brent ^a   Jonescu Cuypers, Christian ^c   McCranor, Lynne ^a   Garzozi, Hana J ^d  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b CARMEL MEDICAL CENTER   (Israel)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE   (Germany)

^d TECHNION ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT;

AGING; APOPTOSIS; BLEEDING; BLOOD FLOW; CELL DEATH; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE COURSE; DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY; GLAUCOMA; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE; ISCHEMIA; MIGRAINE; MYOPIA; NONHUMAN; OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA; OPTIC NERVE; PATHOGENESIS; PERFUSION PRESSURE; PERIODICITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; RETINA GANGLION CELL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION; THEORETICAL STUDY;

AGING; BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY; BLOOD PRESSURE; GLAUCOMA, OPEN-ANGLE; HUMANS; OPTIC DISK; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW;

EID: 23044436202     PISSN: 08961549     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ohc.2005.04.001     Document Type: Review

References (88)

1. D.S. Friedman, R.C. Wolfs, and B.J. O'Colmain Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group: prevalence of open-angle glaucoma among adults in the United States Arch Ophthalomol 122 2004 532 538
2. A. Sommer, J.M. Tielsch, and J. Katz Racial differences in the cause-specific prevalence of blindness in East Baltimore N Engl J Med 325 1991 1412 1417
3. A. Harris, H.S. Chung, and T.A. Ciulla Progress in measurement of ocular blood flow and relevance to our understanding of glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration Prog Retin Eye Res 18 1999 669 687
4. V.P. Costa, A. Harris, and E. Stefansson The effects of antiglaucoma and systemic medications on ocular blood flow Prog Retin Eye Res 22 2003 769 805
5. H.A. Quigley, R.W. Nickells, and L.A. Kerrigan Retinal ganglion cell death in experimental glaucoma and after axotomy occurs by apoptosis Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 36 1995 774 786
6. R.W. Nickells Retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma: the how, the why, and the maybe J Glaucoma 5 1996 345 356
7. B.C. Chauhan The relationship between intraocular pressure and visual field progression in glaucoma S.M. Drance Update to glaucoma, blood flow, and drug treatment 1995 Kugler Amsterdam 1 6
8. J.M. Tielsch The epidemiology and control of open-angle glaucoma: a population-based perspective Annu Rev Public Health 17 1996 121 136
9. S.S. Hayreh Structure and blood supply of the optic nerve K. Heilmann K.T. Richardson Glaucoma: conceptions of a disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy 1978 Georg Theime Stuttgart, Germany 78 96
10. J.M. Olver, D.J. Spalton, and A.C.E. McCartney Microvascular study of the retrolaminar optic nerve head in man: the possible significance in anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy Eye 4 1990 7 24
11. E. Onda, G.A. Cioffi, D.R. Bacon, and E.M. Van Buskirk Microvasculature of the anterior human optic nerve Am J Ophthalmol 121 1996 452 453
12. D.R. Anderson, and S. Braverman Reevaluation of the optic disc vasculature Am J Ophthalmol 82 1976 165 174
13. Haller A. Arteriarum oculi historia et tabulae arteriarum oculi. Göttigen, Germany; 1754
14. M.K. Ko, D.S. Kim, and Y.K. Ahn Morphological variations of the peripapillary circle of Zinn-Haller by flat section Br J Ophthalmol 83 1999 862 866
15. M.F. Lieberman, A.E. Maumenee, and W.R. Green Histologic studies of the vasculature of the anterior optic nerve Am J Ophthalmol 82 1976 405 423
16. I.G. Zinn Descriptio anatomica oculi humani Ist ed. 1755 Abrami Vandenhoeck Göttigen, Germany 216
17. J.M. Olver, D.J. Spalton, and A.C.E. McCartney Quantitative morphology of human retrolaminar optic nerve vasculature Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 35 1994 3858 3866
18. S.S. Hayreh Structure and blood supply of the optic nerve K. Heilmann K.T. Richardson Glaucoma: conceptions of a disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy 1978 Georg Theime Stuttgart, Germany 78 96
19. P. Henkind, and M. Levitzky Angioarchitecture of the optic nerve, I: the papilla Am J Ophthalmol 68 1969 979 986
20. J. Francois, and A. Neetens Increased intraocular pressure and optic nerve atrophy 1966 DW Junk The Hague, The Netherlands
21. S.S. Hayreh Blood supply of the optic nerve head and its role in optic atrophy, glaucoma, and oedema of the optic disc Br J Ophthalmol 53 1969 721 748
22. S. Singh, and R. Dass The central retinal artery of the retina, II: a study of its distribution and anastomeses Br J Opthalmol 44 1960 280 299
23. D.R. Anderson Vascular supply to the optic nerve of primates Am J Ophthalmol 70 1970 341 351
24. D.R. Anderson Ultrastructure of human and monkey lamina cribrosa and optic nerve head Arch Opthalmol 82 1969 800 814
25. E.J. Steele, and M.J. Blunt The blood supply of the optic nerve and chiasma in man J Anat 90 1956 486 493
26. A. Alm Ocular arculation W.M. Hart Jr Alder's physiology of the eye: ocular circulation 1992 Mosby St. Louis 198 227
27. S.S. Hayreh The central artery of the retina: its role in the blood supply of the optic nerve Br J Ophthalmol 47 1963 651 663
28. G.A. Cioffi, and E.M. Van Buskirk Microvasculature of the anterior optic nerve Surv Opthalmol 38 Suppl 1994 S107 S116 [discussion]
29. J.T. Ernest, and A.M. Potts Pathophysiology of the distal portion of the optic nerve, II: vascular relationships Am J Ophthalmol 66 1968 380 387
30. D.W. Hill Measurement of retinal blood flow Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K 96 1976 199 201
31. R. Rhodes, and G. Tanner Medical physiology 1995 Little, Brown & Co. Boston
32. J.J. Weiter, R.A. Schachar, and J.T. Ernest Control of intraocular blood flow, II: effects of sympathetic tone Invest Ophthalmol 12 1973 332 334
33. A. Bill, and G.O. Sperber Control of retinal and choroidal blood flow Eye 4 part 2 1990 319 325
34. T. Williamson, and A. Harris Ocular blood flow measurement Br J Ophthalmol 78 1994 939 945
35. A. Von Graefe Ueber die glaucomatose Natur der Amaurosen mit Sehnervenexcavation und uber das Wesen und die Classification des Glaucoms Arch fur Ophthalmologie 8 1861 271 313
36. A. Von Graefe Die Iridectomie bei Amaurose mit Sehnervenexcavation Arch fur Ophthalmologie 311 1857 546 548
37. W.S. Duke-Elder Anomalies of the intra-ocular pressure Text-book of ophthalmology Volume 3 1941 CV Mosby St. Louis (MO) 3280 3429
38. A. Loewenstein Cavernous degeneration, necrosis and other regressive processes in optic nerve with vascular disease of eye Arch Ophthalmol 34 1945 220 225
39. G. Cristini Common pathological basis of the nervous ocular symptoms in chronic glaucoma Br J Ophthalmol 35 1951 11 20
40. D.O. Harrington The pathogenesis of the glaucoma field: clinical evidence that circulatory insufficiency in the optic nerve is the primary cause of visual field loss in glaucoma Am J Ophthalmol 47 part 2 1959 177 185
41. S. Wolf, O. Arend, and W.E. Sponsel Retinal hemodynamics using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and hemorheology in chronic open-angle glaucoma Ophthalmology 100 1993 1561 1566
42. J.E. Nasemann, T. Carl, and S. Pamer Perfusion time of the central retinal artery in normal pressure glaucoma: initial results [in German] Ophthalmologe 91 1994 595 601
43. D.R. Trew, and S.E. Smith Postural studies in pulsatile ocular blood flow, II: chronic open-angle glaucoma Br J Ophthalmol 75 1991 71 75
44. G. Ravalico, G. Pastori, and G. Toffoli Visual and blood flow responses in low-tension glaucoma Surv Ophthalmol 38 suppl 1994 S173 S176
45. L. Quaranta, G. Manni, and F. Donato The effect of increased intraocular pressure on pulsatile ocular blood flow in low tension glaucoma Surv Ophthalmol 38 Suppl 1994 S177 S181 [discussion]
46. P. Rojanapongpun, S.M. Drance, and B.J. Morrison Ophthalmic artery flow velocity in glaucomatous and normal subjects Br J Ophthalmol 77 1993 25 29
47. Z. Butt, G. McKillop, and C. O'Brien Measurement of ocular blood flow velocity using color Doppler imaging in low tension glaucoma Eye 9 part 1 1995 29 33
48. M.T. Nicolela, A.R. Buckley, and B.E. Walman A comparative study of the effects of timolol and latanoprost on blood flow velocity of the retrobulbar vessels Am J Ophthalmol 122 1996 784 789
49. S. Melamed, H. Levkovitch-Verbin, and S. Krupsky Confocal tomographic angiography of the optic nerve head in patients with glaucoma Am J Ophthalmol 125 1998 447 456
50. J. Schumann, S. Orgul, and K. Gugleta Interocular difference in progression of glaucoma correlates with interocular differences in retrobulbar circulation Am J Ophthalmol 129 2000 728 733
51. F. Galassi, A. Sodi, and F. Ucci Ocular hemodynamics and glaucoma prognosis: a color Doppler imaging study Arch Ophthalmol 121 2003 1711 1715
52. J. Flammer, and S. Orgül Optic nerve blood flow abnormalities in glaucoma Prog Ret Eye Res 17 1998 267 289
53. S. Drance, D.R. Anderson, and M. Schulzer Risk factors for progression of visual field abnormalities in normal-tension glaucoma Am J Ophthalmol 131 2001 699 708
54. B.E. Klein, R. Klein, and K.L. Linton Intraocular pressure in an American community: the Beaver Dam Eye Study Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 33 1992 2224 2228
55. A. Harris, M. Harris, and J. Biller Aging affects the retrobulbar circulation differently in women and men Arch Ophthalmol 118 2000 1076 1080
56. H. Nomura, H. Shimokata, and F. Ando Age-related changes in intraocular pressure in a large Japanese population: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study Ophthalmology 106 1999 2016 2022
57. S. Hayreh, A. Bill, and G.O. Sperber Effects of high intraocular pressure on the glucose metabolism in the retina and optic nerve in old atherosclerotic monkeys Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 232 1994 745 752
58. G. Michelson, M.J. Langhans, and J. Harazny Visual field defect and perfusion of the juxtapapillary retina and the neuroretinal rim area in primary open-angle glaucoma Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 236 1998 80 85
59. J.E. Grunwald, J. Piltz, and S.M. Hariprasad Optic nerve blood flow in glaucoma: effect of systemic hypertension Am J Ophthalmol 128 1999 516 522
60. J.E. Grunwald, C.E. Riva, and D.M. Kozart Retinal circulation during a spontaneous rise of intraocular pressure Br J Ophthalmol 72 1988 754 758
61. J. Flammer, I.O. Haefliger, and S. Orgul Vascular dysregulation: a principal risk factor for glaucomatous damage? J Glaucoma 8 1999 212 219
62. R. Ebner The prognosis of glaucoma in relation to the arterial blood pressure Wien Med Wochenschr 117 46 1967 1024 1026
63. R. Sachsenweger The influence of hypertension on the prognosis of glaucoma Klin Mbl Augenheilk 142 1963 625 633
64. D.A. Leighton, and C.I. Phillips Systemic blood pressure in open-angle glaucoma, low tension glaucoma, and the normal eye Br J Ophthalmol 56 1972 447 453
65. J. Flammer The vascular concept of glaucoma Surv Ophthalmol 38 Suppl 1994 S3 S6
66. S.D. McLeod, S. West, and H.A. Quigley A longitudinal study of the relationship between intraocular pressure and blood pressure Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 31 1990 2361 2366
67. J.M. Tielsh, J. Katz, and A. Sommer Hypertension, perfusion pressure, and primary open-angle glaucoma Arch Ophthalmol 113 1995 216 221
68. E. O'Brien, J. Murphy, and A. Tyndall Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure in men and women aged 17 to 80 years: the Allied Irish Bank Study J Hypertens 9 1991 355 360
69. S.S. Hayreh, M.B. Zimmerman, and P. Podhajsky Nocturnal arterial hypotension and its role in optic nerve head and ocular ischemic disorders Am J Ophthalmol 117 1994 603 624
70. S.L. Graham, and S.M. Drance Nocturnal hypotension: role in glaucoma progression Surv Ophthalmol 43 Suppl 1 1999 S10 S16
71. S.S. Hayreh, P. Podhajsky, and M.B. Zimmerman Beta-blocker eyedrops and nocturnal arterial hypotension Am J Ophthalmol 128 1999 301 309
72. M.C. Leske, S.Y. Wu, and B. Nemesure Incident open-angle glaucoma and blood pressure Arch Ophthalmol 120 2002 954 959
73. L. Bonomi, G. Marchini, and M. Marraffa Vascular risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma: the Egna-Neumarkt Study Ophthalmology 107 2000 1287 1293
74. H.A. Quigley, S.K. West, and J. Rodriguez The prevalence of glaucoma in a population-based study of Hispanic subjects: Proyecto VER Arch Ophthalmol 119 2001 1819 1826
75. S.M. Schappert Office visits for glaucoma: United States, 1991-1992: Division of Health Care Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics, USA Adv Data 262 1995 1 14
76. N.V. Nielsen The prevalence of glaucoma and ocular hypertension in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus Arch Ophthalmol 61 1983 662 672
77. J. Katz, and A. Sommer Risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma Am J Prev Med 4 1988 110 114
78. P.R. Healey, P. Mitchell, and W. Smith Optic disc hemorrhages in a population with and without signs of glaucoma Ophthalmology 105 1998 216 223
79. M.C. Leske, A.M. Connell, and S.Y. Wu Risk factors for open-angle glaucoma: the Barbados Eye Study Arch Ophthalmol 113 1995 918 924
80. J.M. Tielsch, J. Katz, and H.A. Quigley Diabetes, intraocular pressure, and primary open-angle glaucoma in the Baltimore Eye Survey Ophthalmology 101 1995 48 53
81. S. Drance, D.R. Anderson, and M. Schulzer Risk factors for progression of visual field abnormalities in normal-tension glaucoma Am J Ophthalmol 131 2001 699 708
82. P.R. Healey, P. Mitchell, and W. Smith Optic disc hemorrhages in a population with and without signs of glaucoma Ophthalmology 105 1998 216 223
83. C. Cursiefen, M. Wisse, and S. Cursiefen Migraine and tension headache in high-pressure and normal pressure glaucoma Ophthalmology 105 1998 216 223
84. K. Grodum, A. Heijl, and B. Bengtsson Refractive error and glaucoma Acta Ophthalmol Scand 79 2001 560 566
85. S.Y. Wu, B. Nemesure, and M.C. Leske Refractive errors in a black adult population: the Barbados Eye Study Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 40 1999 2179 2184
86. J.B. Jonas, and A. Dichtl Optic disc morphology in myopic primary open-angle glaucoma Grafes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 235 1997 627 633
87. F. Galassi, A. Sodi, F. Ucci, A. Harris, and H.S. Chung Ocular haemodynamics in glaucoma associated with high myopia Int Ophthalmol 22 1998 299 305
88. B.J. Curtin, T. Iwamoto, and D.P. Renaldo Normal and staphylomatous sclera of high myopia: an electron microscopic study Arch Ophthalmol 97 1979 912 915