The uses and usefulness of psychology

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

Volumn 600, Issue , 2005, Pages 99-114

  Ash, Mitchell G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

Author keywords

History of psychology; Psychological methods; Psychological schools

Indexed keywords

EID: 22144453585     PISSN: 00027162     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0002716205277063     Document Type: Review

References (74)

1. Lorraine Daston, "Objectivity and the Escape from Perspective," Social Studies of Science 22 (1992): 597-618;
2. cf. M. Norton Wise, ed., The Values of Precision (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995).
3. Horst Gundlach, "Zur Verwendung physiologischer Analogien bei der Entstehung der experimentellen Psychologie," Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 12 (1989): 167-76.
4. Roger Smith, Inhibition: History and Meaning in the Sciences of Mind and Brain (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992).
5. Cf. Siegfried Jaeger, "Zur Herausbildung von Praxisfeldern der Psychologie bis 1933," in Geschichte der deutschen Psychologie im 20. Jahrhundert, ed. Mitchell G. Ash and Ulfried Geuter (Opladen, Germany: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1985), 83-112;
6. Joan Campbell, Joy in Work, German Work: The National Debate, 1880-1945 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989);
7. and Anson Rabinbach, The Human Motor: Energy, Fatigue and the Origins of Modernity (New York: Basic Books, 1990).
8. Anne Harrington, Medicine, Mind and the Double Brain (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1987);
9. and Mitchell G. Ash, Gestalt Psychology in German Culture, 1890-1967: Holism and the Quest for Objectivity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), 96-97.
10. Kurt Danziger, Constructing the Subject: Historical Origins of Psychological Research (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990);
11. and Jacqueline Carroy and Régine Plas, "The Origins of French Experimental Psychology: Experiment and Experimentalism," History of the Human Sciences 9 (1996): 73-84.
12. Marilyn Marshall, "Wundt, Spiritism, and the Assumptions of Science," in Wundt Studies, ed. Wolgang Bringmann and Ryan D. Tweney (Toronto, Canada: C. J. Hogrefe, 1980), 158-75;
13. Janet Oppenheim, The Other World: Spiritualism and Psychical Research in England, 1850-1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985);
14. and Deborah J. Coon, "Testing the Limits of Sense and Science: American Experimental Psychologists Combat Spiritualism, 1880-1920," American Psychologist 47 (1992): 143-51.
15. Lorraine Daston, "The Theory of Will and the Science of Mind," in The Problematic Science: Psychology in Nineteenth-Century Thought, ed. William R. Woodward and Mitchell G. Ash (New York: Praeger, 1982), 88-118.
16. Japp van Ginneken, Crowds, Psychology and Politics, 1871-1899 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992).
17. Lorraine Daston, "The Naturalized Female Intellect," Science in Context 5 (1992): 209-36.
18. This portrayal dates from the period itself. See Robert S. Woodworth, Contemporary Schools of Psychology (New York: Ronald Press);
19. and Edna Heidbreder, Seven Psychologies (New York: Century, 1933).
20. Gail A. Hornstein, "The Return of the Repressed: Psychology's Problematic Relations with Psychoanalysis, 1909-1960," American Psychologist 47 (1992): 254-63;
21. Bernd Nitzschke, ed., Freud und die akademische Psychologie: Beiträge zu einer historischen Koncroverse (Munich, Germany: Psychologie-Verlag Union, 1989);
22. and Graham Richards, "Britain on the Couch: The Popularization of Psychoanalysis in Britain 1918-1940," Science in Context 13 (2000): 183-230.
23. Karl Bühler, Die Krise der Psychologie (Jena, Germany: Fischer, 1927).
24. Ash, Gestalt Psychology in German Culture, pt. 3; and
25. Anne Harrington, Reenchanted Science: Holism and German Science from Wilhelm II to Hitler (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996).
26. Trudy Dehue, Changing the Rules: Psychology in the Netherlands, 1900-1945 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995).
27. Gerhard Benetka, Psychologie in Wien: Sozial- und Theoriegeschichte des Wiener Psychologischen Instituts, 1922-1938 (Vienna, Austria: Wiener Universitätsverlag, 1995).
28. Franz Samelson, "Organizing for the Kingdom of Behavior: Academic Battles and Organizational Policies in the Twenties," Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 21 (1985): 33-47;
29. and Hamilton Cravens, Before Head Start: The Iowa Station and America's Children (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993).
30. Michael M. Sokal, "The Gestalt Psychologists in Behaviorist America," American Historical Review 89 (1984): 1240-63.
31. Katherine A. Pandora, Rebels within the Ranks: Psychologists' Critique of Scientific Authority and Democratic Realities in New Deal America (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
32. Kurt Danziger, "The Project of an Experimental Social Psychology: Historical Perspectives," Science in Context 5 (1992): 309-28.
33. Edward C. Tolman, Purposive Behavior in Animals and Men (New York: Century, 1932).
34. Kurt Lewin, Ronald Lippitt, and Robert K. White, "Patterns of Aggressive Behavior in Experimentally Created 'Social Climates,'" Journal of Social Psychology 10 (1939): 271-99.
35. Mitchell G. Ash, "Cultural Contexts and Scientific Change in Psychology: Kurt Lewin in Iowa," American Psychologist 47 (1992): 198-207.
36. Laurence Smith, Behaviorism and Logical Positivism: A Reassessment of the Alliance (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1986).
37. L. S. Hearnshaw, Cyril Burt, Psychologist (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1979);
38. Steven J. Gould, The Mismeasure of Man (New York: Norton, 1981), chap. 6;
39. Robert B. Joynson, The Burt Affair (London: Routledge, 1989); and
40. Nicolas John Mackintosh, ed., Cyril Burt: Fraud or Framed? (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995).
41. For the broader context, see also Adrian Wooldridge, Measuring the Mind: Education and Psychology in England, c. 1860-c. 1990 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994);
42. Nikolas Rose, The Psychological Complex: Psychology, Politics and Society in England 1869-1939, (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985).
43. Francoise Parot and Marc Richelle, Introduction a la Psychologie. Histoire et méthodes, 4th ed. (Paris: Presses Universitaires de Paris, 1998).
44. Cristina Chimisso, "The Mind and the Faculties: The Controversy over Primitive Mentality and the Struggle for Disciplinary Space at the Inter-War Sorbonne," History of the Human Sciences 13 (2000): 47-68;
45. and Laurent Mucchielli, "Aux origines de la nouvelle histoire en France: l'evolution intellectuelle et la formation du champ des sciences sociales (1880-1930),"Revue de synthèse 1 (1995): 55-99.
46. Fernando Vidal, Piaget before Piaget (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994).
47. Michael M. Sokal, ed., Psychological Testing and American Society (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1987);
48. Richard von Mayrhauser, "The Practical Language of American Intellect," History of the Human Sciences 4 (1991): 371-94;
49. and John Carson, "Army Alpha, Army Brass and the Search for Army Intelligence," Isis 84 (1993): 278-309.
50. Danziger, Constructing the Subject.
51. Laurel Furumoto, "On the Margins: Women and the Professionalization of Psychology in the United States 1890-1940," in Psychology in Twentieth-Century Thought and Society, ed. Mitchell G. Ash and William R. Woodward (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 93-114.
52. Horst Gundlach, "Faktor Mensch im Krieg: Der Eintritt der Psychologie und Psychotechnik in den Krieg," Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 19 (1996): 131-43.
53. Mitchell G. Ash, "Emigré Psychologists after 1933: The Cultural Coding of Scientific and Professional Practices," in Forced Migration and Scientific Change: Emigre German-Speaking Scientists and Scholars after 1933, ed. Mitchell G. Ash and Alfons Söllner (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 117-38, at 118.
54. Ulfried Geuter, The Professionalization of Psychology in Nazi Germany, trans. Richard Holmes (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984/1992).
55. Jill G. Morawski, "Impossible Experiments and Practical Constructions: The Social Bases of Psychologists' Work," in The Rise of Experimentation in American Psychology, ed. J. G. Morawski (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1988), 72-93.
56. James H. Capshew, Psychologists on the March: Science, Practice, and Professional Identity in America, 1929-1969 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 205-8.
57. Howard Gardner, The Mind's New Science (New York: Basic Books, 1985/1996).
58. On the postwar triumph of statistics, see Danziger, Constructing the Subject; and
59. Capshew, Psychologists on the March, chap. 10.
60. Charles Bazerman, "Codifying the Social Scientific Style: The A.P.A. 'Publication Manual' as a Behaviorist Rhetoric," in The Rhetoric of the Human Sciences: Language and Argument in Scholarship and Public Affairs, ed. John S. Nelson, Donald McCloskey, and Allen Mcgill (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1987), 125-43.
61. Gerd Gigerenzer, "From Tools to Theories: Discovery in Cognitive Psychology," Science in Context 5 (1992): 329-50.
62. Lee Cronbach, "The Two Disciplines of Scientific Psychology," American Psychologist 12 (1957): 671-84.
63. Dorwin Cartwright, "Lewinian Theory as a Contemporary Systematic Framework," in Psychology: A Study of a Science, vol. 4, General Systematic Formulations, ed. Sigmund Koch (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1959), 7-91.
64. Franz Samelson, "Authoritarianism from Berlin to Berkeley: On Social Psychology and History," Journal of Social Issues 42 (1986): 191-208.
65. Pieter J. van Strien, "The American 'Colonization' of Northwest European Social Psychology after World War II," Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 33 (1997): 349-63.
66. Paul E. Meehl, Clinical versus Statistical Prediction (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1954).
67. On the "psychologization" of American postwar culture, see Ellen Herman, The Romance of American Psychology (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996).
68. Smith, Norton History, 577.
69. Nikolas Rose, Governing the Soul (London: Routledge, 1990);
70. see also Rose's Inventing Our Selves: Psychology, Power and Personhood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
71. For important first steps in this direction, see Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process, 2 vols., trans. E. Jephcott (New York: Urizen, 1939/1978);
72. Gerd Juttemann, ed., Die Geschichtlichkeit des Seelischen: Der historische Zugang zum Gegenstand der Psychologie (Weinheim, Germany: Psychologie Verl. Union, 1986);
73. Irmingard Staeuble, "'Psychological Man' and Human Subjectivity in Historical Perspective," History of the Human Sciences 4 (1991): 417-32;
74. and Roy Porter, ed., Rewriting the Self Histories from the Renaissance to the Present (London: Routledge, 1997).