Links between rainfall variability on intraseasonal and interannual scales over western Tanzania and regional circulation and SST patterns

Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics

Volumn 89, Issue 1-4, 2005, Pages 215-234

  Mapande, Amin T ^a,b   Reason, C J C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

^b TANZANIA METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY   (Tanzania)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; CLIMATE CHANGE; RAINFALL; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

AFRICA; EAST AFRICA; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; TANZANIA; WORLD;

EID: 21844468995     PISSN: 01777971     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00703-005-0130-2     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. RJ Allan CJC Reason JA Lindesay TJ Ansell 2003 Protracted ENSO episodes over the Indian Ocean region. Deep-Sea Res. II. Special Issue on Physical Oceanography of the Indian Ocean: From WOCE to CLIVAR 50 2331-2347
2. EK Anyamba 1992 Some properties of a 20-30 day oscillation in tropical convection. J Afr Meteor Soc 1 1-19
3. SK Behera T Yamagata 2001 Subtropical SST dipole events in the southern Indian Ocean. Geophys Res Lett 28 327-330 10.1029/2000GL011451
4. P Camberlin JG Wairoto 1997 Intraseasonal wind anomalies related to wet and dry spells during the long and short rainy seasons in Kenya. Theor Appl Climatol 58 57-69 10.1007/BF00867432
5. C Cook CJC Reason BC Hewitson 2004 Wet and dry spells within particularly wet and dry summers in the South African summer rainfall region. Climate Res 26 17-31
6. FJ Doblas-Reyes M Déqué 1998 A flexible bandpass filter design procedure applied to midlatitude intraseasonal variability. Mon Wea Rev 126 3326-3335 10.1175/ 1520-0493(1998)126<3326:AFBFDP>2.0.CO;2
7. CB Fandry LM Leslie 1984 A two-layer quasi-geostrophic model of summer trough formation in the Australian subtropical easterlies. J Atmos Sci 41 807-818 10.1175/1520-0469(1984)041<0807:ATLQGM>2.0.CO;2
8. Florenchie P, Lutjeharms JRE, Reason CJC, Masson S, Rouault M (2003) The source of Benguela Niños in the South Atlantic Ocean. Geophys Res Lett 30 (DOI: 10.1029/2003GL017172)
9. Gill AE (1982) Atmosphere-ocean dynamics. Academic Press, 662
10. S Hastenrath A Nicklis L Greischar 1993 Atmospheric-hydrospheric mechanisms of climate anomalies in the western equatorial Indian Ocean. J Geophys Res 98 219-220
11. Y Hayashi DG Golder 1993 Tropical 40-50 and 25-30 day oscillations appearing in realistic and idealized GFDL climate models and the ECMWF dataset. J Atmos Sci 50 464-494 10.1175/ 1520-0469(1993)050<0464:TADOAI>2.0.CO;2
12. HH Hendon G Liebmann 1990 The intraseasonal (30-50) oscillation of the Australian summer monsoon. J Atmos Sci 47 24 2904-2923
13. AC Hirst S Hastenrath 1993 Atmosphere-ocean mechanisms of climate anomalies in the Angola tropical Atlantic sector. J Phys Oceanogr 13 1146-1157 10.1175/1520-0485(1983)013<1146:AOMOCA>2.0.CO;2
14. M Indeje FHM Semazzi LJ Ogallo 2000 ENSO signals in East African rainfall seasons. Int J Climatol 20 19-46 10.1002/ (SICI)1097-0088(200001)20:1<19::AID-JOC449>3.0.CO;2-0
15. TA Kabanda MR Jury 1999 Interannual variability of short rains over Northern Tanzania. Climate Res 13 231-241
16. E Kalnay M Kanamitsu R Kistler W Collins D Deaven L Gandin M Iredell S Saha G White J Woolen Y Zhu A Leetmaa R Reynolds M Chelliah W Ebisuzaki W Higgins J Janowiak KC Mo C Popelewski CJ Wang R Jenne D Joseph 1996 The NCEP/NCAR 40-years reanalysis project. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 77 437-471 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0437:TNYRP>2.0.CO;2
17. TR Knutson KM Weickmann 1987 30-60 day atmospheric-circulations, composite life cycles of convection and circulation anomalies. Mon Wea Rev 115 1407-1436 10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<1407:DAOCLC>2.0.CO;2
18. JA Lindesay 1988 South African rainfall, the Southern Oscillation and a Southern Hemisphere semi-annual cycle. J Climatol 8 17-30
19. RA Madden PR Julian 1971 Detection of global-scale circulation cells in the tropics with 40-50 day period. J Atmos Sci 28 702-708 10.1175/ 1520-0469(1971)028<0702:DOADOI>2.0.CO;2
20. RA Madden PR Julian 1972 Description of global-scale circulation cell in the tropics with a 40-50 day period. J Atmos Sci 29 1109-1123 10.1175/ 1520-0469(1972)029<1109:DOGSCC>2.0.CO;2
21. RA Madden PR Julian 1994 Observations of the 40-50 day tropical oscillation: A review. Mon Wea Rev 122 814-837 10.1175/ 1520-0493(1994)122<0814:OOTDTO>2.0.CO;2
22. Mapande A (2003) Rainfall variability over western and southwestern Tanzania, the monsoon and potential Indian and Atlantic Ocean influences. M.Sc thesis, University of Cape Town, South Africa
23. MS Mhita 1990 The analysis of rainfall data for agriculture in Tanzania. Tanzan Met Res Pub (T.M.R.P) 2 90 61
24. E Mpeta M Jury 2001 Intra-seasonal convection structure and evolution over tropical East Africa. Climate Res 17 83-92
25. S Nieuwolt 1978 Rainfall and drought frequencies in East Africa. Erkunde 32 81-88
26. LJ Ogallo 1988 Relationships between Seasonal rainfall in East Africa and southern oscillation. J Climatol 8 31-43
27. LJ Ogallo 1989 The spatial and temporal patterns of the East African Seasonal rainfall derived from Principal component Analysis. J Climatol 9 145-167
28. C Park SD Schubert 1993 Remotely forced intra-seasonal oscillations over the tropical Atlantic. J Atmos Sci 50 89-103 10.1175/ 1520-0469(1993)050<0089:RFIOOT>2.0.CO;2
29. CJC Reason 2001 Subtropical Indian Ocean SST dipole events and southern African rainfall. Geophys Res Lett 28 2225-2227 10.1029/2000GL012735
30. CJC Reason 2002 Sensitivity of the southern African circulation to dipole SST patterns in the South Indian Ocean. Int J Climatol 22 377-393 10.1002/joc.744
31. CJC Reason H Mulenga 1999 Relationships between South African rainfall and SST anomalies in the Southwest Indian Ocean. Int J Climatol 19 1652-1673 10.1002/ (SICI)1097-0088(199912)19:15<1651::AID-JOC439>3.0.CO;2-U
32. CJC Reason RJ Allan JA Lindesay TJ Ansell 2000 ENSO and climatic signals across Indian Ocean basin the global context: Part 1, Inter-annual composite patterns. Int J Climatol 20 1285-1327 10.1002/ 1097-0088(200009)20:11<1285::AID-JOC536>3.0.CO;2-R
33. CF Ropelewski MS Halpert 1987 Precipitation patterns associated with El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Mon Wea Rev 115 1606-1626 10.1175/ 1520-0493(1987)115<1606:GARSPP>2.0.CO;2
34. M Rouault P Florenchie N Fauchereau CJC Reason 2003 South East Atlantic warm events and southern African rainfall. Geophys Res Lett 30 9-1-9-4 10.1029/2002GL014840
35. H Rui B Wang 1990 Development characteristics and Dynamic structure of tropical Intraseasonal convection anomalies. J Atmos Sci 47 357-379 10.1175/1520-0469(1990)047<0357:DCADSO>2.0.CO;2
36. NH Saji BN Goswami PN Vinayachandran T Yamagata 1999 A dipole mode in the tropical Indian Ocean. Nature 401 360-363 10.1038/43855
37. TM Smith RW Reynolds RE Livezey DC Stokes 1996 Reconstruction of historical sea-surface temperature using empirical orthogonal functions. J Climate 9 1403-1420 10.1175/ 1520-0442(1996)009<1403:ROHSST>2.0.CO;2
38. PD Tyson RA Preston-Whyte 2000 The weather and climate of Southern Africa. Oxford University Press Cape Town 396
39. DG Vintcent Z Sperling A Fink S Zube P Speth 1991 Intraseasonal oscillation of convective activity in the tropical southern hemisphere: May 1984-April 1986. J Climatol 4 40-53 10.1175/ 1520-0442(1991)004<0040:IOOCAI>2.0.CO;2
40. B Wang H Rui 1990 Synoptic climatology of transient tropical intra-seasonal convection anomalies: 1975-1985. Meteorol Atmos Phys 44 43-61 10.1007/BF01026810
41. PJ Webster VOM Na TN Palmer J Shukla RA Tomas M Yanai T Yasunari 1998 Monsoons: Processes, predictability, and the prospects for prediction. J Geophys Res 103 14451-14510 10.1029/97JC02719
42. PJ Webster JP Loschnigg AM Moore RR Leben 1999 The great Indian Ocean warming of 1997-1998; evidence of coupled oceanic-atmospheric instabilities. Nature 401 6751 356-360 10.1038/43848 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmsFaltLg%3D
43. MA Wheeler GN Kiladis 1999 Convectively coupled equatorial waves: analysis of clouds and temperature in the wavenumber-frequency domain. J Atmos Sci 56 374-399 10.1175/ 1520-0469(1999)056<0374:CCEWAO>2.0.CO;2
44. MA Wheeler KM Weickmann 2001 Real-time monitoring and prediction of modes of coherent synoptic to intraseasonal tropical variability. Mon Wea Rev 129 2677-2694 10.1175/ 1520-0493(2001)129<2677:RTMAPO>2.0.CO;2
45. P Xie PA Arkin 1997 Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates and numerical model outputs. Bull Amer Meteor Soc 78 2539-2558 10.1175/ 1520-0477(1997)078<2539:GPAYMA>2.0.CO;2
46. S-P Xie H Annamalai FA Schott JP McCreary 2002 Structure and mechanisms of South Indian Ocean climate variability. J Climate 15 864-877 10.1175/ 1520-0442(2002)015<0864:SAMOSI>2.0.CO;2
47. SE Zebiak 1993 Air-sea interaction in the equatorial Atlantic region. J Climate 6 1567-1586 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<1567:AIITEA>2.0.CO;2
48. B Zhu B Wang 1993 The 30-60 day convective seesaw between the tropical Indian and western Pacific oceans. J Atmos Sci 50 184-199 10.1175/ 1520-0469(1993)050<0184:TDCSBT>2.0.CO;2