The effect of backpack load on the gait of normal adolescent girls

Ergonomics

Volumn 48, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 642-656

  Chow, Daniel H K ^a   Kwok, Monica L Y ^a   Au Yang, Alexander C K ^b   Holmes, Andrew D ^a   Cheng, Jack C Y ^c   Yao, Fiona Y D ^a   Wong, M S ^a  

^a HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

^b CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^c CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Backpack; Gait

Indexed keywords

APPROXIMATION THEORY; JOINTS (ANATOMY); KINEMATICS; LOAD LIMITS; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM; STRESS ANALYSIS; WEIGHING;

BACKPACK LOAD; GROUND REACTION FORCES; PELVIC MOTION; PROXIMAL JOINTS;

GAIT ANALYSIS;

ADOLESCENT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; BODY WEIGHT; CAMERA; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FORCE; FORCE TRANSDUCER; GAIT; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; JOINT MOBILITY; KINEMATICS; NORMAL HUMAN; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; SCHOOL CHILD; TIME; WALKING SPEED; WEIGHT BEARING;

ADOLESCENT; BIOMECHANICS; CHILD; FEMALE; GAIT; HUMANS; POSTURE; WEIGHT-BEARING;

EID: 21844465389     PISSN: 00140139     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00140130500070921     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Balague, F., Troussier, B. and Salminen, J.J., 1999, Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors. European Spine Journal, 8, 429-438.
2. Buczek, F.L., Evanoff-Jurkovic, M., Concha, M.C. and Cooney, K.M., 2003, Challenges in hip joint modeling for a patient with proximal femoral focal deficiency. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 31, 761-767.
3. Cavallo, C.M., Hlavaty, T.M. and Tamase, M.G.M., 2003, A pilot study for the development of a primary prevention program: what is the average weight of a fourth graders backpack? Work, 20, 137-158.
4. Chansirinukor, W., Wilson, D., Grimmer, K. and Dansie, B., 2001, Effects of backpacks on students: Measurement of cervical and shoulder posture. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 47, 110-116.
5. Davis, R.B., Ounpuu, S., Tyburski, D. and Gage, J.R., 1991, A gait analysis data collection and reduction technique. Human Movement Science, 10, 575-587.
6. Feingold, A.J. and Jacobs, K., 2002, The effect of education on backpack wearing and posture in a middle school population. Work, 18, 287-294.
7. Forjuoh, S.N., Lane, B.L. and Schuchmann, J.A., 2003, Percentage of body weight carried by students in their school backpacks. American Journal of Physical and Medical Rehabilitation, 82, 261-266.
8. Goh, J.H., Thambyah, A. and Bose, K., 1998, Effects of varying backpack loads on peak forces in the lumbosacral spine during walking. Clinical Biomechanics, 13, Suppl. 1, S26-S31.
9. Goodgold, S., Mohr, K., Samant, A., Parke, T., Burns, T. and Gardner, L., 2002, Effects of backpack load and task demand on trunk forward lean: Pilot findings on two boys. Work, 18, 213-220.
10. Grimmer, K., Dansie, B., Milanese, S., Pirunsan, U. and Trott, P., 2002, Adolescent standing postural response to backpack loads: A randomized controlled experimental study. BioMedCentral Musculoskeletal Disorders, 3, Article no. 10.
11. Hong, Y. and Cheung, C.K., 2003, Gait and posture responses to backpack load during level walking in children. Gait and Posture, 17, 28-33.
12. Hong, Y., Li, J.X., Wong, A.S.K. and Robinson, P.D., 2000, Effects of load carriage on heart rate, blood pressure and energy expenditure in children. Ergonomics, 43, 717-727.
13. Kadaba, M.P., Ramakrishnan, H.K. and Wootten, M.E., 1990, Measurement of lower extremity kinematics during level walking. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 8, 383-392.
14. LaFiandra, M., Holt, K.G., Wagenaar, R.C. and Obusek, J.P., 2002, Transverse plane kinetics during treadmill walking with and without a load. Clinical Biomechanics, 17, 116-122.
15. LaFiandra, M., Wagenaar, R.C., Holt, K.G. and Obusek, J.P., 2003, How do load carriage and walking speed influence trunk coordination and stride parameters? Journal of Biomechanics, 36, 87-95.
16. Lai, J.P. and Jones, A.Y., 2001, The effect of shoulder-girdle loading by a school bag on lung volumes in Chinese primary school children. Early Human Development, 62, 79-86.
17. Li, J.X., Hong, Y. and Robinson, P.D., 2003, The effect of load carriage on movement kinematics and respiratory parameters in children during walking. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 29, 35-43.
18. Mackenzie, W.G., Sampath, J.S., Kruse, R.W. and Sheir-Ness, G.J., 2003, Backpacks in children. Clinical Orthopaedics, 409, 78-84.
19. Mackie, H.W., Legg, S.J., Beadle, J. and Hedderley, D., 2003, Comparison of four different backpacks intended for school use. Applied Ergonomics, 34, 257-264.
20. Merati, G., Negrini, S., Sarchi, P., Mauro, F. and Veicsteinas, A., 2001, Cardio-respiratory adjustments and cost of locomotion in school children during backpack walking (the Italian Backpack Study). European Journal of Applied Physiology, 85, 41-48.
21. Negrini, N.S. and Carabalona, R., 2002, Backpacks on! Schoolchildren's perceptions of load, associations with back pain and factors determining the load. Spine, 27, 187-195.
22. Sheir-Neiss, G.I., Krus, R.W., Rahman, T., Jacobson, L.P. and Pelli, J.A., 2003, The association of backpack use and back pain in adolescents. Spine, 28, 922-930.
23. Song, K.M., Concha, M.C. and Haideri, N.F., 2001, Effects of lower limb torsion on ankle kinematic data during gait analysis. Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics, 21, 792-797.
24. Troussier, B., Davoine, P., DeGaudemaris, R., Focconi, J. and Phelip, X., 1994, Back pain in school children: a study among 1178 pupils. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 26, 143-146.
25. Wall, E.J., Foad, S.L. and Spears, J., 2003, Backpacks and back pain: where's the epidemic? Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics, 23, 437-439.
26. Wang, Y., Pascoe, D.D. and Weimar, W., 2001, Evaluation of book backpack load during walking. Ergonomics, 44, 858-869.