Hepatitis B virus e antigen variants

International Journal of Medical Sciences

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 2-7

  Tong, Shuping ^a,c   Kim, Kyun Hwan ^a,c   Chante, Charles ^b,d,e   Wands, Jack ^a,c   Li, Jisu ^a,c  

^a BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Cardinal Santos Medical Center   (Philippines)

^c RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL   (United States)

^d Cardinal Santos Medical Center   (Philippines)

^e Gastroenterology Division

Author keywords

HBeAg; Hepatitis B virus; Immune escape; Naturally occurring mutations; Replication; Secretion

Indexed keywords

VIRUS ANTIGEN;

CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; ERROR; GENE IDENTIFICATION; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HEPATOMA CELL; HUMAN; MISSENSE MUTATION; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PROMOTER REGION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; REVIEW; VIRUS REPLICATION; WILD TYPE;

EID: 21744443962     PISSN: 14491907     EISSN: 14491907     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7150/ijms.2.2     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Ahn S, Kramvis A, Kawai S, Spangenberg H, Li J, Kimbi G, Kew M, Wands J, and Tong S. Sequence variation upstream of precore translation initiation codon reduces hepatitis B virus e antigen production. Gastroenterology 2003. 125: 1370-1378.
2. Baumert T, Rogers S, Hasegawa K, and Liang T. Two core promoter mutations identified in a hepatitis B virus strain associated with fulminant hepatitis result in enhanced viral replication. J. Clin. Invest. 1996. 98: 2268-2276.
3. Beasley R, Hwang L, Lin C, and Chien C. Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus: A prospective study of 22707 men in Taiwan. Lancet. 1981. 2: 1129-1133.
4. A mutations in the basic core promoter of hepatitis B virus isolated from Black Africans with hepatocellular carcinoma compared with asymptomatic carriers. Hepatology 1999. 29: 946-953.
5. Belnap D, Watts N, Conway J, Cheng N, Stahl S, Wingfield P, and Steven A. Diversity of core antigen epitopes of hepatitis B virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2003. 100:10884-10889.
6. Blumberg B, Alter H, and Visnich S. A "new" antigen in leukemia sera. JAMA 1965. 191: 541-546.
7. Brunetto MR, Stemler M, Schodel F, Will H, Ottoberlli A, Rizzetto M, and Bonino F. Identification of HBV variants which cannot produce precore derived HBeAg and may be responsible for severe hepatitis. Ital. J. Gastroenterol. 1989. 21: 151-154.
8. Buckwold V, Xu Z, Chen M, Yen T, and Ou J. Effects of a naturally occurring mutation in the hepatitis B virus basal core promoter on precore gene expression and viral replication. J. Virol. 1996. 70: 5845-5851.
9. Carman W, Jacyna M, Hadziyannis S, Karayiannis P, McGarvey M, Makris A, and Thomas H. Mutation preventing formation of the hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Lancet 1989. 2:588-591.
10. Chang C, Enders G, Sprengel R, Peters N, Varmus H, and Ganem D. Expression of the precore region of an avian hepatitis B virus is not required for viral replication. J. Virol. 1987. 61: 3322-3325.
11. Chen H, Kew M, Hornbuckle W, Tennant B, Cote P, Gerin J, Purcell R, and Miller R. The precore gene of the woodchuck hepatitis virus genome is not essential for viral replication in the natural host. J. Virol. 1992. 66: 5682 - 5684.
12. Chu C, and Lok A. Clinical significance of hepatitis B virus genotypes. Hepatology 2002. 35: 1274-1276.
13. Ganem D, and Schneider R. Hepadnaviridae: the viruses and their replication. In: Knipe D, Howley P, eds. Fields Virology. 2001:2923-2970.
14. Gripon P, Rumin S, Urban S, Le Seyec J, Glaise D, Cannie I, Guyomard C, Lucas J, Trepo C, Guguen-Guillouzo C. Infection of a human hepatoma cell line by hepatitis B virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2002. 99:15655-15660.
15. Hasegawa K, Huang J, Rogers S, Blum H, and Liang T. Enhanced replication of a hepatitis B virus mutant associated with an epidemic of fulminant hepatitis. J. Virol. 1994. 68: 1651-1659.
16. Kao J, Chen P, Lai M, and Chen D. Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers. Gastroenterology 2003. 124: 327-334.
17. Khan N, Guarnieri M, Ahn S, Li J, Zhou Y, Bang G, Kim K, Wands J, and Tong S. Modulation of hepatitis B virus secretion by naturally occurring mutations in the S gene. J. Virol. 2004. 78:3262-3270.
18. Liang T, Hasegawa K, Rimon N, Wands J, Ben-Porath E. A hepatitis B virus mutant associated with an epidemic of fulminant hepatitis B. New Engl. J. Med. 1991. 324:1705-1709.
19. Li J, Tong S, Wen Y, Vitvitski L, Zhang Q, and Trepo C. Hepatitis B virus genotype A rarely circulates as an HBe-minus mutant: possible contribution of a single nucleotide in the precore region. J. Virol. 1993. 67: 5402-5410.
20. Magnius L, and Espmark J. New specificities in Australia antigen positive sera distinct from the Le Bouvier determinants. J. Immunol. 1972.109:1017-1021.
21. Milich D, and Liang J. Exploring the biological basis of hepatitis B e antigen in hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology 2003. 38: 1075-1086.
22. Nassal M, and Rieger A. An intramolecular disulfide bridge between Cys-7 and Cys61 determines the structure of the secretory core gene product (e antigen) of hepatitis B virus. J Virol. 1993. 67:4307-4315.
23. Ogata N, Miller R, Ishak K, and Purcell R. The complete nucleotide sequence of a pre-core mutant of hepatitis B virus implicated in fulminant hepatitis and its biological characterization in chimpanzees. Virology 1993. 194: 263-276.
24. Okamoto H, Tsuda F, Akahane Y, Sugai Y, Yoshiba M, Moriyama K, Tanaka T, Miyakawa Y, and Mayumi M. Hepatitis B virus with mutations in the core promoter for an e antigen-negative phenotype in carriers with antibody to e antigen. J. Virol. 1994. 68: 8102-8110.
25. Orito E, Mizokami M, Sakugawa H, Michitaka K, et al. A case-control study for clinical and molecular biological differences between hepatitis B viruses of genotypes B and C. Hepatology 2001. 33: 218-233
26. Parekh S, Zoulim F, Ahn S, Tsai A, Li J, Kawai S, Khan N, Trepo C, Wands J, and Tong S. Genome replication, virion secretion, and e antigen expression of naturally occurring hepatitis B virus core promoter mutants. J. Virol. 2003. 77: 6601-6612.
27. Salfeld J, Pfaff E, Noah M, and Schaller H. Antigenic determinants and functional domains in core antigen and e antigen from hepatitis B virus. J. Virol. 1989. 63: 798-808
28. Scaglioni P, Melegari M, and Wands J. Biological properties of hepatitis B viral genomes with mutations in the precore promoter and precore open reading frame. Virology 1997. 233: 374 -381.
29. Schlicht H, Salfeld J, and Schaller H. The duck hepatitis B virus pre-C region encodes a signal sequence which is essential for synthesis and secretion of processed core proteins but not for virus formation. J. Virol. 1987. 61: 3701-3709.
30. Sumi H, Yokosuka O, Seki N, Arai M, et al. Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease. Hepatology 2003. 37: 19-26.
31. Tang H, Raney A, and McLachlan A. Replication of the wild type and a natural hepatitis B virus nucleocapsid promoter variant is differentially regulated by nuclear hormone receptors in cell culture. J. Virol. 2001. 75: 8937 - 8948.
32. Tong S, Li J, Vitvitski L, and Trepo C. Active hepatitis B virus replication in the presence of anti-HBe is associated with viral variants containing an inactive pre-C region. Virology 1990. 176:596-603.
33. Tong S, Diot C, Gripon P, Vitvitski L, Trepo C, and Guguen-Guillouzo C. In vitro replication competence of a cloned hepatitis B virus variant with a nonsense mutation in the distal pre-C region. Virology 1991. 181: 733-737.
34. Walter E, Keist R, Niederost B, Pult I, Blum HE. Hepatitis B virus infection of tupaia hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo. Hepatology. 1996.24:1-5.
35. Wasenauer G, Kock J, and Schlicht H. Relevance of cysteine residues for biosynthesis and antigenicity of human hepatitis B virus e protein. J Virol. 1993. 67:1315-1321.
36. Yu X, and Mertz J. Distinct modes of regulation of transcription of hepatitis B virus by the nuclear receptors HNF4 and COUP-TF1. J. Virol. 2003. 77: 2489-2499.
37. Yuen M, Tanaka Y, Mizokami M, Yuen C, Wong D, et al. Role of hepatitis B virus genotypes Ba and C, core promoter and precore mutations of hepatocellular carcinoma: a case control study. Carcinogenesis 2004. 25: 1593-1598.