메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 110, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 1-20

Cloud-to-ground lightning in Austria: A 10-year study using data from a lightning location system

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LIGHTNING;

EID: 21544458309     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2004JD005332     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (177)

References (47)
  • 3
    • 21544440448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term experience on lightning acquisition in Italy and Austria and data application to the improvement of lightning performance
    • Paris
    • Bernardi, M., A. Pigini, G. Diendorfer, and W. Schutz (2002), Long-term experience on lightning acquisition in Italy and Austria and data application to the improvement of lightning performance, paper presented at CIGRE Session, Int. Counc. on Large Electr. Syst., Paris.
    • (2002) CIGRE Session, Int. Counc. on Large Electr. Syst.
    • Bernardi, M.1    Pigini, A.2    Diendorfer, G.3    Schutz, W.4
  • 4
    • 0035982896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightning occurrence patterns over Canada and adjacent United States from Lightning Detection Network observations
    • Burrows, W. R., P. King, P. J. Lewis, B. Kochtubajda, B. Snyder, and V. Turcotte (2002), Lightning occurrence patterns over Canada and adjacent United States from Lightning Detection Network observations, Atmos. Ocean, 40, 59-81.
    • (2002) Atmos. Ocean , vol.40 , pp. 59-81
    • Burrows, W.R.1    King, P.2    Lewis, P.J.3    Kochtubajda, B.4    Snyder, B.5    Turcotte, V.6
  • 5
    • 0042570749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between severe storm reports and cloud-to-ground lightning polarity in the contiguous United States from 1989 to 1998
    • Carey, D. L., A. S. Rutledge, and A. W. Petersen (2003), The relationship between severe storm reports and cloud-to-ground lightning polarity in the contiguous United States from 1989 to 1998, Mon. Weather Rev., 131, 1211-1228.
    • (2003) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.131 , pp. 1211-1228
    • Carey, D.L.1    Rutledge, A.S.2    Petersen, A.W.3
  • 6
    • 21544472122 scopus 로고
    • Zur Gewitter- und Hagelklimatologie von Österreich, Tagungsbericht der 15. Internationalen Tagung für alpine Meteorologie in Grindelwald
    • Cehak, K. (1980), Zur Gewitter- und Hagelklimatologie von Österreich, Tagungsbericht der 15. Internationalen Tagung für alpine Meteorologie in Grindelwald, Ver. Schweizer Meteorol. Anstalt, 40, 316-319.
    • (1980) Ver. Schweizer Meteorol. Anstalt , vol.40 , pp. 316-319
    • Cehak, K.1
  • 7
    • 0032571723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined TOA/MDF technology upgrade of the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network
    • Cummins, K. L., M. J. Murphy, E. A. Bardo, W. L. Hiscox, R. B. Pyle, and A. E. an Pifer (1998), A combined TOA/MDF technology upgrade of the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D8), 9035-9044.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.D8 , pp. 9035-9044
    • Cummins, K.L.1    Murphy, M.J.2    Bardo, E.A.3    Hiscox, W.L.4    Pyle, R.B.5    Pifer, A.E.6
  • 8
    • 21544432484 scopus 로고
    • Thunderstorm days versus ground flash density
    • paper presented at 9th International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering (ISH), Inst. of High Voltage Eng., Graz, Austria
    • Diendorfer, G., W. Schulz, F. Hofbauer, and A. Stimmer (1995), Thunderstorm days versus ground flash density, paper presented at 9th International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering (ISH), Inst. of High Voltage Eng., Graz, Austria.
    • (1995)
    • Diendorfer, G.1    Schulz, W.2    Hofbauer, F.3    Stimmer, A.4
  • 9
    • 0032204011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightning characteristics based on data from the Austrian lightning location system
    • Diendorfer, G., W. Schulz, and V. Rakov (1998), Lightning characteristics based on data from the Austrian lightning location system, IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Comput., 40(4), 452-464.
    • (1998) IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Comput. , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 452-464
    • Diendorfer, G.1    Schulz, W.2    Rakov, V.3
  • 10
    • 84907269769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of lightning location data employing measurements of direct strikes to a radio tower
    • paper presented at CIGRE Session, Int. Counc. on Large Electr. Syst., Paris
    • Diendorfer, G., W. Hadrian, F. Hofbauer, M. Mair, and W. Schulz (2002), Evaluation of lightning location data employing measurements of direct strikes to a radio tower, paper presented at CIGRE Session, Int. Counc. on Large Electr. Syst., Paris.
    • (2002)
    • Diendorfer, G.1    Hadrian, W.2    Hofbauer, F.3    Mair, M.4    Schulz, W.5
  • 11
    • 0030425538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The characteristics of lightning occurrence in southern Germany
    • Finke, U., and T. Hauf (1996), The characteristics of lightning occurrence in southern Germany, Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 69(3), 361-374.
    • (1996) Contrib. Atmos. Phys. , vol.69 , Issue.3 , pp. 361-374
    • Finke, U.1    Hauf, T.2
  • 13
    • 0032580997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A precipitation climatology for the Alps from high-resolution rain-gauge observations
    • Frei, C., and C. Schär (1998), A precipitation climatology for the Alps from high-resolution rain-gauge observations, Int. J. Climatol., 18, 873-900.
    • (1998) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.18 , pp. 873-900
    • Frei, C.1    Schär, C.2
  • 15
    • 0027631835 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of lightning peak stroke currents in Ontario using an LLP system
    • Herodotou, N., W. A. Chisholm, and W. Janischewskyj (1993), Distribution of lightning peak stroke currents in Ontario using an LLP system, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 8(3), 1331-1339.
    • (1993) IEEE Trans. Power Delivery , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 1331-1339
    • Herodotou, N.1    Chisholm, W.A.2    Janischewskyj, W.3
  • 16
    • 13244274222 scopus 로고
    • A systematic method for identifying and correcting "site errors" in a network of magnetic direction finders
    • paper presented at International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity, Natl. Interagency Coord. Group, Natl. Atmos. Electr. Hazard Program, Orlando, Fla
    • Hiscox, W. L., E. P. Krider, A. E. Pifer, and M. A. Uman (1984), A systematic method for identifying and correcting "site errors" in a network of magnetic direction finders, paper presented at International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity, Natl. Interagency Coord. Group, Natl. Atmos. Electr. Hazard Program, Orlando, Fla.
    • (1984)
    • Hiscox, W.L.1    Krider, E.P.2    Pifer, A.E.3    Uman, M.A.4
  • 17
    • 0032739562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightning ground flash density and thunderstorm duration in the continental United States: 1989-96
    • Huffines, G. R., and R. E. Orville (1999), Lightning ground flash density and thunderstorm duration in the continental United States: 1989-96, J. Appl. Meteorol., 38, 1013-1019.
    • (1999) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.38 , pp. 1013-1019
    • Huffines, G.R.1    Orville, R.E.2
  • 18
    • 0027804761 scopus 로고
    • A reexamination of the peak current calibration of the National Lightning Detection Network
    • Idone, V. P., S. B. Arsalan, R. W. Henderson, P. K. Moore, and R. B. Pyle (1993), A reexamination of the peak current calibration of the National Lightning Detection Network, J. Geophys. Res., 98(D10), 18,323-18,332.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.98 , Issue.D10
    • Idone, V.P.1    Arsalan, S.B.2    Henderson, R.W.3    Moore, P.K.4    Pyle, R.B.5
  • 19
    • 21544457804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klimatologie konvektiver Systeme in den Ostalpen anhand von Blitzdaten, diplomarbeit
    • Geophys. Univ., Vienna
    • Kann, A. (2001), Klimatologie konvektiver Systeme in den Ostalpen anhand von Blitzdaten, diplomarbeit, Inst. fur Meteorol., Geophys. Univ., Vienna.
    • (2001) Inst. Fur Meteorol.
    • Kann, A.1
  • 21
    • 21544455850 scopus 로고
    • The Meteorage thunderstorm monitoring system: A tool for new EMC protection strategies
    • Swiss Electrotech. Assoc., Interlaken, Switzerland
    • LeBoulch, M., and T. Plantier (1990), The Meteorage thunderstorm monitoring system: A tool for new EMC protection strategies, paper presented at International Conference on Lightning Protection, Swiss Electrotech. Assoc., Interlaken, Switzerland.
    • (1990) International Conference on Lightning Protection
    • LeBoulch, M.1    Plantier, T.2
  • 22
    • 0022842608 scopus 로고
    • Diurnal and spatial variability of lightning activity in northeastern Colorado and central Florida during the summer
    • Lopez, R. E., and R. L. Holle (1986), Diurnal and spatial variability of lightning activity in northeastern Colorado and central Florida during the summer, Mon. Weather Rev., 114, 1288-1312.
    • (1986) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.114 , pp. 1288-1312
    • Lopez, R.E.1    Holle, R.L.2
  • 23
    • 21544461799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPS time synchronized analysis correlating electric field observations, fast camera images and lightning detection system measurements in Brazil
    • paper presented at 1st International Conference on Lightning Physics and Effects, Brazil Soc. For Electr. Prot., Belo Horizonte, Brazil
    • Miranda, F., O. Pinto, and M. Saba (2004), GPS time synchronized analysis correlating electric field observations, fast camera images and lightning detection system measurements in Brazil, paper presented at 1st International Conference on Lightning Physics and Effects, Brazil Soc. For Electr. Prot., Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
    • (2004)
    • Miranda, F.1    Pinto, O.2    Saba, M.3
  • 24
    • 0026304441 scopus 로고
    • Calibration of a magnetic direction finding network using measured triggered lightning return stroke peak currents
    • Orville, R. E. (1991), Calibration of a magnetic direction finding network using measured triggered lightning return stroke peak currents, J. Geophys. Res., 96(D9), 17,135-17,142.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , Issue.D9
    • Orville, R.E.1
  • 25
    • 0033387479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightning ground flash measurements over the contiguous United States: 1995-97
    • Orville, R. E., and G. R. Huffines (1999), Lightning ground flash measurements over the contiguous United States: 1995-97, Mon. Weather Rev., 127, 2693-2703.
    • (1999) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.127 , pp. 2693-2703
    • Orville, R.E.1    Huffines, G.R.2
  • 26
    • 0035333064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud-to-ground lightning in the United States: NLDN results in the first decade, 1989-98
    • Orville, R. E., and G. R. Huffines (2001), Cloud-to-ground lightning in the United States: NLDN results in the first decade, 1989-98, Mon. Weather Rev., 129, 1179-1193.
    • (2001) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.129 , pp. 1179-1193
    • Orville, R.E.1    Huffines, G.R.2
  • 27
    • 0001424596 scopus 로고
    • Cloud-to-ground lightning flash characteristics from June 1984 through May 1985
    • Orville, R. E., R. A. Weisman, R. B. Pyle, R. W. Henderson, and R. W. Orville (1987), Cloud-to-ground lightning flash characteristics from June 1984 through May 1985, J. Geophys. Res., 92(D5), 5640-5644.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , Issue.D5 , pp. 5640-5644
    • Orville, R.E.1    Weisman, R.A.2    Pyle, R.B.3    Henderson, R.W.4    Orville, R.W.5
  • 28
    • 0036675317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The North American lightning detection network (NALDN) - First results: 1998-2000
    • Orville, R. E., G. R. Huffines, W. R. Burrows, R. L. Holle, and K. L. Cummins (2002), The North American lightning detection network (NALDN) - First results: 1998-2000, Mon. Weather Rev., 130, 2098-2109.
    • (2002) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.130 , pp. 2098-2109
    • Orville, R.E.1    Huffines, G.R.2    Burrows, W.R.3    Holle, R.L.4    Cummins, K.L.5
  • 30
    • 4243246865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud-to-ground lightning in southeastern Brazil in 1993: 2. Time variations and flash characteristics
    • Pinto, I. R. C. A., O. Pinto Jr., R. M. L. Rocha, J. H. Diniz, A. M. Carvalho, and A. Cazetta Filho (1999b), Cloud-to-ground lightning in southeastern Brazil in 1993: 2. Time variations and flash characteristics, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D24), 31,381-31,388.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , Issue.D24
    • Pinto, I.R.C.A.1    Pinto Jr., O.2    Rocha, R.M.L.3    Diniz, J.H.4    Carvalho, A.M.5    Cazetta Filho, A.6
  • 31
    • 21544476229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive and bipolar lightning discharges: A review
    • paper presented at 25th International Conference on Lightning Protection, High Voltage Lab., Univ. of Patras, Rhodes, Greece
    • Rakov, V. A. (2000), Positive and bipolar lightning discharges: A review, paper presented at 25th International Conference on Lightning Protection, High Voltage Lab., Univ. of Patras, Rhodes, Greece.
    • (2000)
    • Rakov, V.A.1
  • 32
    • 0344982986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Return-stroke multiplicity of negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes
    • Rakov, V. A., and G. R. Huffines (2003a), Return-stroke multiplicity of negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes, J. Appl. Meteorol., 42 , 1455-1462.
    • (2003) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.42 , pp. 1455-1462
    • Rakov, V.A.1    Huffines, G.R.2
  • 33
    • 0025588909 scopus 로고
    • Some properties of negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes versus stroke order
    • Rakov, V. A., and M. A. Uman (1990), Some properties of negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes versus stroke order, J. Geophys. Res., 95(D5), 5447-5453.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , Issue.D5 , pp. 5447-5453
    • Rakov, V.A.1    Uman, M.A.2
  • 35
    • 0042480314 scopus 로고
    • Review of lightning properties from electric field and TV observations
    • Rakov, V. A., M. A. Uman, and R. Thottappillil (1994), Review of lightning properties from electric field and TV observations, J. Geophys. Res., 99(D5), 10,745-10,750.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , Issue.D5
    • Rakov, V.A.1    Uman, M.A.2    Thottappillil, R.3
  • 36
    • 0022825132 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of cloud-to-ground lightning data from the western United States for the 1983-84 summer seasons
    • Reap, R. M. (1986), Evaluation of cloud-to-ground lightning data from the western United States for the 1983-84 summer seasons, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 25, 785-799.
    • (1986) J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.25 , pp. 785-799
    • Reap, R.M.1
  • 37
    • 21544468624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging atmospheric discharges with high-speed cameras
    • Inst. of Electrotech. and Energy of the Univ. of Sao Paolo, Curitiba, Brazil
    • Saba, M. M. F., K. P. Naccarato, O. Pinto, and G. F. Cabral (2003), Imaging atmospheric discharges with high-speed cameras, paper presented at VII International Symposium on Lightning Protection SIPDA, Inst. of Electrotech. and Energy of the Univ. of Sao Paolo, Curitiba, Brazil.
    • (2003) VII International Symposium on Lightning Protection SIPDA
    • Saba, M.M.F.1    Naccarato, K.P.2    Pinto, O.3    Cabral, G.F.4
  • 38
    • 21544441798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EUCLID network performance and data analysis
    • paper presented at 17th International Lightning Detection Conference, Vaisala, Inc., Tucson, Ariz
    • Schulz, W., and G. Diendorter (2002), EUCLID network performance and data analysis, paper presented at 17th International Lightning Detection Conference, Vaisala, Inc., Tucson, Ariz.
    • (2002)
    • Schulz, W.1    Diendorter, G.2
  • 39
    • 72049114093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar flashes detected with lightning location systems and measured on an instrumented tower
    • Inst. of Electrotech. and Energy of the Univ. of Sao Paolo, Curitiba, Brazil
    • Schulz, W., and G. Diendorfer (2003), Bipolar flashes detected with lightning location systems and measured on an instrumented tower, paper presented at VII International Symposium on Lightning Protection-SIPDA, Inst. of Electrotech. and Energy of the Univ. of Sao Paolo, Curitiba, Brazil.
    • (2003) VII International Symposium on Lightning Protection-SIPDA
    • Schulz, W.1    Diendorfer, G.2
  • 40
    • 0032188218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lightning occurrence data observed with lightning location systems in Japan: 1992-1995
    • Shindo, T., and S. Yokoyama (1998), Lightning occurrence data observed with lightning location systems in Japan: 1992-1995, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 13(4), 134-1474.
    • (1998) IEEE Trans. Power Delivery , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 134-1474
    • Shindo, T.1    Yokoyama, S.2
  • 41
    • 0034926861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the Iberian Peninsula: 1992-1994
    • Soriano, L. R., F. Pablo, and E. G. Diez (2001), Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the Iberian Peninsula: 1992-1994, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D11), 11,891-11,901.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , Issue.D11
    • Soriano, L.R.1    Pablo, F.2    Diez, E.G.3
  • 42
    • 21544464614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Main features of the distribution of the atmospheric electric activity in Catalonia and the surrounding Mediterranean area
    • paper presented at INM/WHO International Symposium on Cyclones and Hazardous Weather in the Mediterranean, World Health Org., Palma de Mallorca, Spain
    • Terrandellas, E. (1997), Main features of the distribution of the atmospheric electric activity in Catalonia and the surrounding Mediterranean area, paper presented at INM/WHO International Symposium on Cyclones and Hazardous Weather in the Mediterranean, World Health Org., Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
    • (1997)
    • Terrandellas, E.1
  • 43
    • 1842574498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Die Embezichung des österreichischen Blitzortungssystems ALDIS in die meteorologische Analyse von Gewittern
    • Diplomarbeit, Leopold-Franzens Univ., Innsbruck, Austria
    • Troger, W. (1998), Die Embezichung des österreichischen Blitzortungssystems ALDIS in die meteorologische Analyse von Gewittern, Diplomarbeit, Leopold-Franzens Univ., Innsbruck, Austria.
    • (1998)
    • Troger, W.1
  • 44
    • 0014613997 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic field of the lightning return stroke
    • Uman, M. A., and D. K. McLain (1969), Magnetic field of the lightning return stroke, J. Geophys. Res., 74(28), 6899-6910.
    • (1969) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.74 , Issue.28 , pp. 6899-6910
    • Uman, M.A.1    McLain, D.K.2
  • 45
    • 0033608203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in measured lightning flash count and return stroke peak current after the 1994 U.S. National Lightning Detection Network upgrade: 1. Observations
    • Wacker, R. S., and R. E. Orville (1999a), Changes in measured lightning flash count and return stroke peak current after the 1994 U.S. National Lightning Detection Network upgrade: 1. Observations, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D2), 2151-2157.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , Issue.D2 , pp. 2151-2157
    • Wacker, R.S.1    Orville, R.E.2
  • 46
    • 0033608151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in measured lightning flash count and return stroke peak current after the 1994 U.S. National Lightning Detection Network upgrade: 2. Theory
    • Wacker, R. S., and R. E. Orville (1999b), Changes in measured lightning flash count and return stroke peak current after the 1994 U.S. National Lightning Detection Network upgrade: 2. Theory, J. Geophys. Res., 104 (D2), 2159-2162.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , Issue.D2 , pp. 2159-2162
    • Wacker, R.S.1    Orville, R.E.2
  • 47
    • 0035333059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the contiguous United States from 1995 to 1999
    • Zajac, B. A., and S. A. Rutledge (2001), Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the contiguous United States from 1995 to 1999, Mon. Weather Rev., 129, 10,833-10,841.
    • (2001) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.129
    • Zajac, B.A.1    Rutledge, S.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.