Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics: Critical interactions of 'bug and drug'

Nature Reviews Microbiology

Volumn 2, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 289-300

  Drusano, George L ^a  

^a ORDWAY RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

A 80987; AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; AZITHROMYCIN; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CARBAPENEM DERIVATIVE; CEFIXIME; CEFOTAXIME; CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE; CIPROFLOXACIN; CLOXACILLIN; DICLOXACILLIN; FOSCARNET; GATIFLOXACIN; GENTAMICIN; IMIPENEM; LEVOFLOXACIN; LOMEFLOXACIN; OXACILLIN; PENICILLIN G; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; TICARCILLIN; TOBRAMYCIN; VANCOMYCIN;

BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; BACTERIOSTASIS; BAYES THEOREM; CALCULATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG CLEARANCE; DRUG DOSE REGIMEN; DRUG EXPOSURE; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG PROTEIN BINDING; HUMAN; INDIVIDUALIZATION; INFECTION; MICROBIOLOGY; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; NONHUMAN; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROBABILITY; REVIEW; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STOCHASTIC MODEL; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; BACTERIAL INFECTION; BIOAVAILABILITY; DOSE RESPONSE; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION;

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; AREA UNDER CURVE; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; HUMANS; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS;

EID: 2142760947     PISSN: 17401526     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro862     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Preston, S. L. et al. Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin: a new paradigm for early clinical trials. JAMA 279, 125-129 (1998).
2. Preston, S. L. et al. Levofloxacin population pharmacokinetics and creation of a demographic model for prediction of individual drug clearance in patients with serious community-acquired infection. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42, 1098-1104 (1998).
3. Chien, S.-C. et al. Pharmacokinetic profile of levofloxacin following once-daily 500-milligram oral or intravenous doses. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41, 2256-2260 (1997).
4. Eagle, H., Fleischman, R. & Levy, M. Continuous versus discontinuous therapy with penicillin: the effect of interval between injections on therapeutic efficacy. N. Engl. J. Med. 248, 481-488 (1953).
5. Vogelman, B. et al. Correlation of antimicrobial pharmacokinetic parameters with therapeutic efficacy in an animal model. J. Infect. Dis. 158, 831-847 (1988).
6. Fluckiger, U., Segessenmann, C. & Gerber, A. U. Integration of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of imipenem in a human-adapted mouse model. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 35, 1905-1910 (1991).
7. Craig, W. A., Redington, J. & Ebert, S. C. Pharmacodynamics of amikacin in vitro and in mouse thigh and lung infections. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 27 (Suppl.) S29-S40 (1991).
8. Andes, D. & Craig, W. A. Pharmacodynamics of the new fluoroquinolone gatifloxacin in murine thigh and lung infection models. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46, 1665-1670 (2002).
9. Craig, W. A. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters: rationale for antibacterial dosing of mice and men. Clin. Infect. Dis. 26, 1-12 (1998).
10. Craig, W. A. Does the dose matter? Clin. Infect. Dis. 33, (Suppl.) S233-S237 (2001).
11. Craig, W. A. Basic pharmacodynamics of antibacterials with clinical applications to the use of β-lactams, glycopeptides and linezolid. Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. 17, 479-501 (2003).
12. Eagle, H. & Musselman, A. D. The slow recovery of bacteria from the toxic effects of penicillin. J. Bacteriol. 58, 475-490 (1949).
13. Williamson, R. & Tomasz, A. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis and acylation of the penicillin binding proteins during prolonged exposure of growing Streptococcus pneumoniae to benzylpenicillin. Eur. J. Biochem. 151, 475-483 (1985).
14. Odenholt-Tornqvist, I., Lowdin, E. & Cars, O. Pharmacodynamic effects of subinhibitory concentrations of β-lactam antibiotics in vitro. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 35, 1834-1839 (1991).
15. Merriken, D. J., Briant, J. & Rolinson, G. N. Effect of protein binding on antibiotic activity in vivo. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 11, 233-238 (1983).
16. Bilello, J. A. et al. The uptake and anti-HIV activity of A-80987, an inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease, is reduced by human serum 1-acid glycoprotein. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40, 1491-1497 (1996).
17. Drusano, G. L., Johnson, D. E., Rosen, M. & Standifford, H. C. Pharmacodynamics of a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial in a neutropenic rat model of Pseudomonas sepsis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 37, 483-490 (1993).
18. Andes, D. & Craig, W. A. Pharmacodynamics of the new fluoroquinolone gatifloxacin in murine thigh and lung infection models. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46, 1665-1670 (2002).
19. US Food and Drug Administration. Meeting of the Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee for the Division of Anti-Infective Drug Products. [online], http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/cder98t.htm (15 October 1998).
20. Drusano, G. L. et al. Use of preclinical data for the choice of a Phase II/III dose for evernimicin with application to decision support for identification of a preclinical MIC breakpoint. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45, 13-22 (2001).
21. Drusano, G. L. et al. Hollow fiber unit evaluation of a new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 protease inhibitor, BMS 232632, for determination of the linked pharmacodynamic variable. J. Infect. Dis. 183, 1126-1129 (2001).
22. Drusano, G. L., Moore, K. H. P., Kleim, J. P., Prince, W. & Bye, A. Rational dose selection for a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor through the use of population pharmacokinetic modeling and Monte Carlo simulation. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46, 913-916 (2002).
23. Dudley, M. N. & Ambrose, P. G. Monte Carlo PK-PD simulation and new cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and cefipime susceptibility breakpoints for S. pneumoniae, including strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin. Abstract A-1263, 42nd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, San Diego, California (2002).
24. Ambrose, P. G., Craig, W. A., Bhavnani, B. M. & Dudley, M. N. Pharmacodynamic comparisons of different dosing regimens of penicillin G against penicillin-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci. Abstract A-635, 42nd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, San Diego, California (2002).
25. Jumbe, N. et al. Application of a mathematical model to prevent in vivo amplification of antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations during therapy. J. Clin. Invest. 112, 275-285 (2003).
26. Forrest, A. et al. Pharmacodynamics of intravenous ciprafloxacin in seriously ill patients. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 37, 1073-1081 (1993).
27. Feldman, C. et al. The presence and sequence of endotracheal tube colonization in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Eur. Resp. J. 13, 546-551 (1999).
28. Friedland, D. R., Rothschild, M. A., Delgado, M., Isenberg, H. & Holzman, I. Bacterial colonization of endotracheal tubes in intubated neonates. Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 127, 525-528 (2001).
29. Tam, V. H., Preston, S. L. & Drusano, G. L. Optimal sampling schedule design for populations of patients. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47, 2888-2891 (2003).
30. Ambrose, P. G. et al. Pharmacodynamics of fluoroquinolones against Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45, 2793-2797 (2001).
31. Forrest, A., Chodosh, S., Amantea, M. A., Collins, D. A. & Schentag, J. J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral grepafloxacin in patients with acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 40 (Suppl.), A45-A57 (1997).
32. Drusano, G. L. et al. The relationship between fluoroquinolone AUC/MIC ratio and the probability of eradication in patients with nosocomial pneumonia. J. Infect. Dis. (in the press ).
33. Kashuba, A. D., Nafziger, A. N., Drusano, G. L. & Bertino, J. S. Jr. Optimizing aminoglycoside therapy for nosocomial pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43, 623-629 (1999).
34. Tam, V. H., McKinnon, P. S., Akins, R. L., Rybak, M. J. & Drusano, G. L. Pharmacodynamics of cefepime in patients with Gram-negative infections. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 50, 425-428 (2002).
35. Sheiner, L. B., Rosenberg, B. & Marathe, V. V. Estimation of population characteristics of pharmacokinetic parameters from routine clinical data. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 5, 445-479 (1977).
36. D'Argenio, D. Z. Optimal sampling times for pharmacokinetic experiments. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 9, 739-756 (1981).
37. D'Argenio, D. Z. Incorporating prior parameter uncertainty in the design of sampling schedules for pharmacokinetic parameter estimation experiments. Math. Biosci. 99, 105-118 (1990).
38. Tod, M. & Rocchisani, J.-M. Implementation of OSPOP, an algorithm for the estimation of optimal sampling times in pharmacokinetics by the ED, EID and API criteria. Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. 50, 13-22 (1996).
39. Leary, R., Jelliffe, R., Schumitzky, A. & van Guilder, M. in Proceedings of the 14th IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems 389-394 (IEEE Computer Society, Bethesda, Maryland, July 2001).
40. Mallet, A., Mentre, F., Steimer, J. L. & Lokiec, F. Non-parametric maximum likelihood estimation for population pharmacoknetics, with application to cyclosporine. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 16, 311-327 (1988).
41. Chow, A. T. et al. Safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple 750-milligram doses of intravenous levofloxacin in healthy volunteers. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45, 2122-2125 (2001).
42. Sheiner, L. B., Beal, S., Rosenberg, B. & Marathe, V. V. Forecasting individual pharmacokinetics. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 26, 294-305 (1979).
43. Drusano, G. L. et al. Factors influencing the emergence of resistance to indinavir: role of virologic, immunologic, and pharmacologic variables. J. Infect. Dis. 178, 360-367 (1998).
44. Drusano, G. L. et al. Relationship between foscarnet exposure, baseline cytomegalovirus blood culture and the time to progression of cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV-positive patients. AIDS 10, 1113-1119 (1996).
45. Craig, W. A. & Ebert, S. C. Continuous infusion of β-lactam antibiotics. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36, 2577-2583 (1992).
46. Drusano, G. L. Prevention of resistance: a goal for dose selection for antimicrobial agents. Clin. Infect. Dis. 36 (Suppl.) S42-S50 (2003).
47. Mouton, J. W., Dudley, M. N., Cars, O., Derendorf, H. & Drusano, G. L. Standardization of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) terminology for anti-infective drugs. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 19, 355-358 (2002).