메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 81, Issue 956, 2005, Pages 370-375

Direct thrombin inhibitors: Novel antithrombotics on the horizon in the thromboprophylactic management of atrial fibrillation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; CLOPIDOGREL; MELAGATRAN; THROMBIN INHIBITOR; WARFARIN; XIMELAGATRAN;

EID: 20644434927     PISSN: 00325473     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2004.024521     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (7)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0029984410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of patients with atrial fibrillation. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals
    • From the Subcommittee on Electrocardiography and Electrophysiology, American Heart Association
    • Prystowslty EN, Benson W Jr, Fuster V, et al. Management of patients with atrial fibrillation. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals. From the Subcommittee on Electrocardiography and Electrophysiology, American Heart Association. Circulation 1996;93:1262-77.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.93 , pp. 1262-1277
    • Prystowslty, E.N.1    Benson Jr., W.2    Fuster, V.3
  • 2
    • 0028921708 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, age distribution, and gender of patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Feinberg WM, Blackshear JL, Laupacis A, et al. Prevalence, age distribution, and gender of patients with atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med 1995;155:469-73.
    • (1995) Arch Intern Med , vol.155 , pp. 469-473
    • Feinberg, W.M.1    Blackshear, J.L.2    Laupacis, A.3
  • 3
    • 0030716498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shattuck lecture - Cardiovascular medicine at the turn of the millennium: Triumphs, concerns, and opportunities
    • Braunwald E. Shattuck lecture-cardiovascular medicine at the turn of the millennium: triumphs, concerns, and opportunities. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1360-9.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 1360-1369
    • Braunwald, E.1
  • 4
    • 0028299731 scopus 로고
    • Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham heart study
    • Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM, et al. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham heart study. JAMA 1994;271:840-4.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.271 , pp. 840-844
    • Benjamin, E.J.1    Levy, D.2    Vaziri, S.M.3
  • 5
    • 0020074665 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological features of chronic atrial fibrillation: The Framingham study
    • Kannel WB, Abbot RD, Savage DD, et al. Epidemiological features of chronic atrial fibrillation: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med 1982;306:1018-22.
    • (1982) N Engl J Med , vol.306 , pp. 1018-1022
    • Kannel, W.B.1    Abbot, R.D.2    Savage, D.D.3
  • 6
    • 0035832261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: National implications for the rhythm management and stroke prevention: The anticoagulation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation (ATRIA) study
    • Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for the rhythm management and stroke prevention: the anticoagulation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation (ATRIA) study. JAMA 2001;285:2370-5.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 2370-2375
    • Go, A.S.1    Hylek, E.M.2    Phillips, K.A.3
  • 7
    • 0017900027 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic assessment of chronic atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke: The Framingham study
    • Wolf PA, Dawber TR, Thomas HE Jr, et al. Epidemiologic assessment of chronic atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke: the Framingham study. Neurology 1978;28:973-7.
    • (1978) Neurology , vol.28 , pp. 973-977
    • Wolf, P.A.1    Dawber, T.R.2    Thomas Jr., H.E.3
  • 8
    • 0141960854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation: What is certain and what is to come
    • Villani GQ, Piepoli PE, Villani PE, et al. Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation: what is certain and what is to come. Eur Heart J 2003;24(suppl H):45-50.
    • (2003) Eur Heart J , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL. H , pp. 45-50
    • Villani, G.Q.1    Piepoli, P.E.2    Villani, P.E.3
  • 9
    • 0035128599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation
    • Albers GW, Dalen JE, Laupacis A, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Chest 2001;119(suppl 1):194-206S.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.119 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Albers, G.W.1    Dalen, J.E.2    Laupacis, A.3
  • 10
    • 0025779484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk for stroke: The Framingham study
    • Wolf PA, Abbot RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk for stroke: the Framingham study. Stroke 2001;22:983-8.
    • (2001) Stroke , vol.22 , pp. 983-988
    • Wolf, P.A.1    Abbot, R.D.2    Kannel, W.B.3
  • 11
    • 0024543543 scopus 로고
    • Placebo-controlled, randomized trial of warfarin and aspirin for prevention of thromboembolic complications in chronic atrial fibrillation: The Copenhagen AFASAK study
    • Peterson P, Boysen G, Gofriedsen J, et al. Placebo-controlled, randomized trial of warfarin and aspirin for prevention of thromboembolic complications in chronic atrial fibrillation: the Copenhagen AFASAK study. Lancet 1989;i:175-9.
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 175-179
    • Peterson, P.1    Boysen, G.2    Gofriedsen, J.3
  • 12
    • 0025914693 scopus 로고
    • Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation study: Final results
    • Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF) Investigators. Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation study: final results. Circulation 1991;84:527-39.
    • (1991) Circulation , vol.84 , pp. 527-539
  • 13
    • 0027505093 scopus 로고
    • Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke
    • European Atrial Fibrillation (EAFT) Study Group. Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke. Lancet 1993;342:1255-62.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 1255-1262
  • 14
    • 0031444570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiplatelet therapy to prevent stroke: Risk of brain haemorrhage and efficacy in atrial fibrillation
    • Diener HC, Lowenthal A. Antiplatelet therapy to prevent stroke: risk of brain haemorrhage and efficacy in atrial fibrillation. J Neurol Sci 1997;153:112.
    • (1997) J Neurol Sci , vol.153 , pp. 112
    • Diener, H.C.1    Lowenthal, A.2
  • 15
    • 0030297319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European stroke prevention study (ESPS) 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke
    • European stroke prevention study (ESPS) 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke. J Neurol Sci 1996;143:1-13.
    • (1996) J Neurol Sci , vol.143 , pp. 1-13
  • 16
    • 0032780250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternate-day dosing of aspirin in atrial fibrillation
    • LASAF Pilot Study Group
    • Posada IS, Barriales. Alternate-day dosing of aspirin in atrial fibrillation. LASAF Pilot Study Group. Am Heart J 1999;138:137-43.
    • (1999) Am Heart J , vol.138 , pp. 137-143
    • Posada, I.S.1    Barriales2
  • 17
    • 0005396768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no previous history of stroke or transient ischaemic attacks
    • Warlow C, Van Gijn J, Sandercock P, eds. Oxford: The Cochrane Collaboration
    • Benavate O, Hart R, Koudstaal P, et al. Antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no previous history of stroke or transient ischaemic attacks. In: Warlow C, Van Gijn J, Sandercock P, eds. Stroke module of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Oxford: The Cochrane Collaboration, 1999.
    • (1999) Stroke Module of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Benavate, O.1    Hart, R.2    Koudstaal, P.3
  • 18
    • 0033527355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis
    • Hart RG, Benavente O, McBride R, et al. Antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 1999;131:1492-501.
    • (1999) Ann Intern Med , vol.131 , pp. 1492-1501
    • Hart, R.G.1    Benavente, O.2    McBride, R.3
  • 19
    • 0025241137 scopus 로고
    • The effect of low dose warfarin on the risk of stroke in patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation
    • The Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation (BAATAF) Investigators. The effect of low dose warfarin on the risk of stroke in patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1505-11.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.323 , pp. 1505-1511
  • 20
    • 0026478818 scopus 로고
    • Warfarin in the prevention of stroke associated with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation (SPINAF)
    • Ezekowitz MD, Bridgers SL, James KE, et al. Warfarin in the prevention of stroke associated with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation (SPINAF). N Engl J Med 1992;327:1406-12.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , pp. 1406-1412
    • Ezekowitz, M.D.1    Bridgers, S.L.2    James, K.E.3
  • 21
    • 0025814587 scopus 로고
    • Canadian atrial fibrillation anticoagulation (CAFA) study
    • Connolly SJ, Laupacis A, Gent M, et al. Canadian atrial fibrillation anticoagulation (CAFA) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;18:349-55.
    • (1991) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.18 , pp. 349-355
    • Connolly, S.J.1    Laupacis, A.2    Gent, M.3
  • 22
    • 0028244264 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for stroke and efficiency of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials
    • Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Risk factors for stroke and efficiency of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 1994;154:1449-57.
    • (1994) Arch Intern Med , vol.154 , pp. 1449-1457
  • 23
    • 2942696888 scopus 로고
    • Warfarin versus aspirin for prevention of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation: Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation II study
    • Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF) II Investigators. Warfarin versus aspirin for prevention of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation: stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation II study. Lancet 1994;343:687-91.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.343 , pp. 687-691
  • 24
    • 0031852543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fixed minidose warfarin and aspirin alone and in combination vs adjusted-dose warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: Second Copenhagen atrial fibrillation, aspirin, and anticoagulation study
    • Gulløv AL, Koefoed BG, Petersen TS, et al. Fixed minidose warfarin and aspirin alone and in combination vs adjusted-dose warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: second Copenhagen atrial fibrillation, aspirin, and anticoagulation study. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:1513-21.
    • (1998) Arch Intern Med , vol.158 , pp. 1513-1521
    • Gulløv, A.L.1    Koefoed, B.G.2    Petersen, T.S.3
  • 25
    • 0033063869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention of atrial thromboembolism in nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation: The PATAF trial study design
    • Hellemons BS, Langenberg M, Lodder J, et al. Primary prevention of atrial thromboembolism in nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation: the PATAF trial study design. Control Clin Trials 1999;20:386-93.
    • (1999) Control Clin Trials , vol.20 , pp. 386-393
    • Hellemons, B.S.1    Langenberg, M.2    Lodder, J.3
  • 26
    • 9544248668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjusted-dose warfarin vs low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin for high risk patients with atrial fibrillation: Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation III randomized clinical trial
    • Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Adjusted-dose warfarin vs low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin for high risk patients with atrial fibrillation: stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation III randomized clinical trial. Lancet 1996;348:633-8.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 633-638
  • 27
    • 0034814620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: Executive summary, a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and Policy Conferences (committee to develop guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation)
    • American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/European Society of Cardiology Board. Developed in collaboration with the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology
    • Fuster V, Ryden LE, Asinger RW, et al. American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/European Society of Cardiology Board. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: executive summary, A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and Policy Conferences (committee to develop guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;38:1231-66.
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.38 , pp. 1231-1266
    • Fuster, V.1    Ryden, L.E.2    Asinger, R.W.3
  • 28
    • 0031728632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation
    • Laupicas A, Albers G, Dalen J, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Chest 1998;114(suppl 5):579-89S.
    • (1998) Chest , vol.114 , Issue.SUPPL. 5
    • Laupicas, A.1    Albers, G.2    Dalen, J.3
  • 29
    • 0029070127 scopus 로고
    • Optimal oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and recent cerebral ischaemia
    • The European Atrial Fibrillation Trial Study Group. Optimal oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and recent cerebral ischaemia. N Engl J Med 1995;333:5-10.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 5-10
  • 30
    • 0037348936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: Current treatments and new concepts
    • Connolly SJ. Preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: current treatments and new concepts. Am Heart J 2003;145:418-23.
    • (2003) Am Heart J , vol.145 , pp. 418-423
    • Connolly, S.J.1
  • 31
    • 0037738891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical tips for warfarin dosing and monitoring
    • Jaffer A, Bragg L. Practical tips for warfarin dosing and monitoring. Cleve Clin J Med 2003;70:361-71.
    • (2003) Cleve Clin J Med , vol.70 , pp. 361-371
    • Jaffer, A.1    Bragg, L.2
  • 32
    • 0035128503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral anticoagulants: Mechanism of action, clinical effectiveness, and optimal therapeutic range
    • Hirsh J, Dalen JE, Anderson DR, et al. Oral anticoagulants: mechanism of action, clinical effectiveness, and optimal therapeutic range. Chest 2001;119:8-21S.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.119
    • Hirsh, J.1    Dalen, J.E.2    Anderson, D.R.3
  • 33
    • 0029741822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the lowest effective intensity of prophylactic anticoagulation for patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation
    • Hylek EM, Skates SJ, Sheehan MA, et al. An analysis of the lowest effective intensity of prophylactic anticoagulation for patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 1996;335:540-6.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 540-546
    • Hylek, E.M.1    Skates, S.J.2    Sheehan, M.A.3
  • 34
    • 0042387879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intensify of oral anticoagulation on stroke severity and mortality in atrial fibrillation
    • Hylek EM, Go AS, Chang Y, et al. Effect of intensify of oral anticoagulation on stroke severity and mortality in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2003;349:1019-26.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 1019-1026
    • Hylek, E.M.1    Go, A.S.2    Chang, Y.3
  • 35
    • 0028343127 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for intracranial haemorrhage in outpatients taking warfarin
    • Hylek EM, Singer DE. Risk factors for intracranial haemorrhage in outpatients taking warfarin. Ann Intern Med 1994;120:897-902.
    • (1994) Ann Intern Med , vol.120 , pp. 897-902
    • Hylek, E.M.1    Singer, D.E.2
  • 36
    • 0033869558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underutilization of oral anticoagulant therapy for stroke prevention in elderly patients with heart failure
    • Ibrahim SA, Kwoh CK. Underutilization of oral anticoagulant therapy for stroke prevention in elderly patients with heart failure. Am Heart J 2000;140:219-20.
    • (2000) Am Heart J , vol.140 , pp. 219-220
    • Ibrahim, S.A.1    Kwoh, C.K.2
  • 37
    • 0031470274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin use among patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Brass LM, Krumholz HM, Scinto JM, et al. Warfarin use among patients with atrial fibrillation. Stroke 1997;28:2382-9.
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , pp. 2382-2389
    • Brass, L.M.1    Krumholz, H.M.2    Scinto, J.M.3
  • 38
    • 0031053980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is warfarin underused in the treatment of elderly persons with atrial fibrillation?
    • Whittle J, Wickenheiser L, Venditti LN. Is warfarin underused in the treatment of elderly persons with atrial fibrillation? Arch Intern Med 1997;157:441-5.
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 441-445
    • Whittle, J.1    Wickenheiser, L.2    Venditti, L.N.3
  • 39
    • 0036787538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticoagulants far atrial fibrillation: Why is the treatment rate so low?
    • Buckingham TA, Hatala R. Anticoagulants far atrial fibrillation: why is the treatment rate so low? Clin Cardiol 2002;25:447-54.
    • (2002) Clin Cardiol , vol.25 , pp. 447-454
    • Buckingham, T.A.1    Hatala, R.2
  • 40
    • 0034627893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do patients with atrial fibrillation not receive warfarin?
    • Bungard TJ, Ghali WA, Teo KK, et al. Why do patients with atrial fibrillation not receive warfarin? Arch Intern Med 2000;160:41-6.
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 41-46
    • Bungard, T.J.1    Ghali, W.A.2    Teo, K.K.3
  • 41
    • 0033813022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adequacy of anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation coming to a hospital
    • Bungard TJ, Ackman ML, Ho G, et al. Adequacy of anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation coming to a hospital. Pharmacotherapy 2000;20:1060-5.
    • (2000) Pharmacotherapy , vol.20 , pp. 1060-1065
    • Bungard, T.J.1    Ackman, M.L.2    Ho, G.3
  • 42
    • 0037817710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticoagulant-related bleeding in older persons with atrial fibrillation: Physicians fears often unfounded
    • Laupacis A. anticoagulant-related bleeding in older persons with atrial fibrillation: physicians fears often unfounded. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1580-6.
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 1580-1586
    • Laupacis, A.1
  • 43
    • 0035128589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant treatment
    • Levine MN, Raskob G, Landefeld S, et al. Haemorrhagic complications of anticoagulant treatment. Chest 2001;119(suppl 1):108-21S.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.119 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Levine, M.N.1    Raskob, G.2    Landefeld, S.3
  • 44
    • 0028785453 scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation
    • Laupacis A, Albers G, Dalen J, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Chest 1995;108(suppl 4):352-9.
    • (1995) Chest , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 352-359
    • Laupacis, A.1    Albers, G.2    Dalen, J.3
  • 45
    • 0033921673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of oral anticoagulants in older patients
    • Sebastian JL, Tresch DD. Use of oral anticoagulants in older patients. Drugs Aging 2000;16:409-35.
    • (2000) Drugs Aging , vol.16 , pp. 409-435
    • Sebastian, J.L.1    Tresch, D.D.2
  • 46
    • 0036230309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ximelagatran (Astro Zeneca)
    • Hopfner R. Ximelagatran (Astro Zeneca). Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2002;3:246-51.
    • (2002) Curr Opin Investig Drugs , vol.3 , pp. 246-251
    • Hopfner, R.1
  • 47
    • 0037669041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran and its active metabolite melagatran: A mini review
    • Gustafsson D, Elg M. The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran and its active metabolite melagatran: a mini review. Thromb Res 2003;109(suppl 1):9-15S.
    • (2003) Thromb Res , vol.109 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Gustafsson, D.1    Elg, M.2
  • 48
    • 0142135606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry and clinical pharmacology of new anticoagulant agents
    • Samama MM, Gerotziafas GT, Elamy I, et al. Biochemistry and clinical pharmacology of new anticoagulant agents. Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb 2002;32:218-24.
    • (2002) Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb , vol.32 , pp. 218-224
    • Samama, M.M.1    Gerotziafas, G.T.2    Elamy, I.3
  • 49
    • 0013432360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ximelagatran, a novel oral direct thrombin inhibitor, in young healthy male subjects
    • Eriksson UG, Bredberg U, Gislen K, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ximelagatran, a novel oral direct thrombin inhibitor, in young healthy male subjects. Eur J Clin 2003;59:35-43.
    • (2003) Eur J Clin , vol.59 , pp. 35-43
    • Eriksson, U.G.1    Bredberg, U.2    Gislen, K.3
  • 50
    • 0037256123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of age on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ximelagatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor
    • Johansson LC, Frison F, Logrn U, et al. Influence of age on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ximelagatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor. Clin Pharmacokinet 2003;42:381-92.
    • (2003) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.42 , pp. 381-392
    • Johansson, L.C.1    Frison, F.2    Logrn, U.3
  • 51
    • 0038526281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No influence of ethnic origin on the pharmacokinetics of melagatran following oral administration of ximelagatran, a novel oral direct thrombin inhibitor, to healthy male volunteers
    • Johansson LC, Andersson M, Fager G, et al. No influence of ethnic origin on the pharmacokinetics of melagatran following oral administration of ximelagatran, a novel oral direct thrombin inhibitor, to healthy male volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet 2003;42:475-84.
    • (2003) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.42 , pp. 475-484
    • Johansson, L.C.1    Andersson, M.2    Fager, G.3
  • 52
    • 0042623846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ximelagatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor, has a low potential for cytochrome P450-mediated drug-drug interactions
    • Bredberg E, Andersson TB, Frison L, et al. Ximelagatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor, has a low potential for cytochrome P450-mediated drug-drug interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet 2003;42:765-77.
    • (2003) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.42 , pp. 765-777
    • Bredberg, E.1    Andersson, T.B.2    Frison, L.3
  • 53
    • 19244372487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No influence of mild-to-moderate hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ximelagatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor
    • Wahlander K, Eriksson-Lepkowska M, Frison L, et al. No influence of mild-to-moderate hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ximelagatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor. Clin Pharmacokinet 2003;42:755-64.
    • (2003) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.42 , pp. 755-764
    • Wahlander, K.1    Eriksson-Lepkowska, M.2    Frison, L.3
  • 54
    • 0042122764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of severe renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral ximelagatran and subcutaneous melagatran
    • Eriksson U, Johansson S, Attman PO, et al. Influence of severe renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral ximelagatran and subcutaneous melagatran. Clin Pharmacokinet 2003;42:743-53.
    • (2003) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.42 , pp. 743-753
    • Eriksson, U.1    Johansson, S.2    Attman, P.O.3
  • 55
    • 0035251738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of agents used to treat bleeding disorders, on bleeding time prolonged by a very high dose of a direct thrombin inhibitor in anaesthesized rats and rabbits
    • Elg M, Carlsson S, Gustafsson D. Effects of agents used to treat bleeding disorders, on bleeding time prolonged by a very high dose of a direct thrombin inhibitor in anaesthesized rats and rabbits. Thromb Research 2001;101:159-70.
    • (2001) Thromb Research , vol.101 , pp. 159-170
    • Elg, M.1    Carlsson, S.2    Gustafsson, D.3
  • 56
    • 0038185371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ximelagatran versus warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. SPORTIF II: A dose-guiding, tolerability, and safety study
    • SPORTIF II Investigators
    • Petersen P, Grind M, Adler J. SPORTIF II Investigators. Ximelagatran versus warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. SPORTIF II: a dose-guiding, tolerability, and safety study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;41:1445-51.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 1445-1451
    • Petersen, P.1    Grind, M.2    Adler II, J.3
  • 57
    • 0347060679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A two year follow-up of ximelagatran as an oral anticoagulant for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Petersen P. A two year follow-up of ximelagatran as an oral anticoagulant for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Neurology 2002;58(suppl 3):A477.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Petersen, P.1
  • 58
    • 0041694480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ximelagatran compared with warfarin for prevention of thromboembolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Rationale, objectives, and design of a pair of clinical studies and baseline patient characteristics (SPORTIF III and V)
    • Executive Steering Committee, SPORTIF III and V Study Investigators
    • Halperin JL. Executive Steering Committee, SPORTIF III and V Study Investigators. Ximelagatran compared with warfarin for prevention of thromboembolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: rationale, objectives, and design of a pair of clinical studies and baseline patient characteristics (SPORTIF III and V). Am Heart J 2003;146:431-8.
    • (2003) Am Heart J , vol.146 , pp. 431-438
    • Halperin, J.L.1
  • 59
    • 0345414673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke prevention with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with warfarin in patients with nonvolvular atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF III): Randomised controlled trial
    • Executive Steering Committee on behalf of the SPORTIF III Investigators
    • Olsson SB. Executive Steering Committee on behalf of the SPORTIF III Investigators. Stroke prevention with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with warfarin in patients with nonvolvular atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF III): randomised controlled trial. lancet 2003;362:1691-8.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 1691-1698
    • Olsson, S.B.1
  • 60
    • 20644442618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety study of oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with dose-adjusted warfarin in the prevention of stroke and systemic embolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF V)
    • Halperin JL. Efficacy and safety study of oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with dose-adjusted warfarin in the prevention of stroke and systemic embolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF V). Circulation 2003;108:E9051.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108
    • Halperin, J.L.1
  • 61
    • 0041829444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral ximelagatran for secondary prophylaxis after myocardial infarction: The ESTEEM randomised controlled trial
    • ESTEEM Investigators
    • Wallentin L, Wilcox RG, Weaver WD, et al. ESTEEM Investigators. Oral ximelagatran for secondary prophylaxis after myocardial infarction: the ESTEEM randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003;362:789-97.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 789-797
    • Wallentin, L.1    Wilcox, R.G.2    Weaver, W.D.3
  • 62
    • 0142182558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran
    • THRIVE III Investigators
    • Schulman S, Wahlander K, Lundstrom T, et al. THRIVE III Investigators. Secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran. N Engl J Med 2003;349:1713-21.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 1713-1721
    • Schulman, S.1    Wahlander, K.2    Lundstrom, T.3
  • 63
    • 0142151552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of ximelagatran with warfarin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement
    • EXULT A study group
    • Francis CW, Berkowitz SD, Comp PC, et al. EXULT A study group. Comparison of ximelagatran with warfarin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement. N Engl J Med 2003;349:1703-12.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 1703-1712
    • Francis, C.W.1    Berkowitz, S.D.2    Comp, P.C.3
  • 64
    • 0141636587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised, controlled, dose-guiding study of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with standard therapy for the treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis: THRIVE I
    • THRIVE Investigators
    • Eriksson H, Wahlander K, Gustafsson D, et al. THRIVE Investigators. A randomised, controlled, dose-guiding study of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with standard therapy for the treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis: THRIVE I. J Thromb Haemost 2003;1:41-7.
    • (2003) J Thromb Haemost , vol.1 , pp. 41-47
    • Eriksson, H.1    Wahlander, K.2    Gustafsson, D.3
  • 65
    • 10444262661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The EXPRESS (expanded prophylaxis evaluation surgery study) preliminary results
    • Glynn O. The EXPRESS (expanded prophylaxis evaluation surgery study) preliminary results. Int J Clin Pract 2003;57:57-9.
    • (2003) Int J Clin Pract , vol.57 , pp. 57-59
    • Glynn, O.1
  • 66
    • 0037797296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The METHRO (melagatran for thrombin inhibition in orthopaedic surgery) trials
    • Hamaad A, Tayebjee MH, Lip GYH. The METHRO (melagatran for thrombin inhibition in orthopaedic surgery) trials. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2003;12:865-70.
    • (2003) Expert Opin Investig Drugs , vol.12 , pp. 865-870
    • Hamaad, A.1    Tayebjee, M.H.2    Lip, G.Y.H.3
  • 67
    • 0037108825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ximelagatran versus warfarin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee arthroplasty. A randomized, double-blind trial
    • Francis CW, Davidson BL, Berkowitz SD, et al. Ximelagatran versus warfarin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee arthroplasty. A randomized, double-blind trial. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:648-55.
    • (2002) Ann Intern Med , vol.137 , pp. 648-655
    • Francis, C.W.1    Davidson, B.L.2    Berkowitz, S.D.3
  • 68
    • 0042233522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient self-management of oral anticoagulation: A review
    • Sunderji R, Fung A, Gin K, et al. Patient self-management of oral anticoagulation: a review. Can J Cardiol 2003;19:931-5.
    • (2003) Can J Cardiol , vol.19 , pp. 931-935
    • Sunderji, R.1    Fung, A.2    Gin, K.3
  • 69
    • 0042917969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • INR self-management permits lower anticoagulation levels after mechanical heart valve replacement
    • Koertke H, Minami K, Boethig D, et al. INR self-management permits lower anticoagulation levels after mechanical heart valve replacement. Circulation 2003;107(suppl 1):II75-8.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Koertke, H.1    Minami, K.2    Boethig, D.3
  • 70
    • 0034822182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A synthetic factor-Xa inhibitor (ORG31540/SR9017A) as an adjunct to fibrinolysis in acute myocardial infarction. The PENTALYSE study
    • Coussement PK, Bassand JP, Covens C, et al. A synthetic factor-Xa inhibitor (ORG31540/SR9017A) as an adjunct to fibrinolysis in acute myocardial infarction. The PENTALYSE study. Eur Heart J 2001;22:1716-24.
    • (2001) Eur Heart J , vol.22 , pp. 1716-1724
    • Coussement, P.K.1    Bassand, J.P.2    Covens, C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.