Effect of timber removal from windthrow slopes on the risk of snow avalanches and rockfall

Forest Ecology and Management

Volumn 213, Issue 1-3, 2005, Pages 197-208

  Schönenberger, Walter ^a   Noack, Andreas ^a   Thee, Patrick ^a  

^a SWISS FEDERAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE WSL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Bole; Disturbance; Mound; Mountain forest; Protection forest; Snag; Surface; Timber decay; Windthrow

Indexed keywords

AVALANCHES (SNOWSLIDES); DECAY (ORGANIC); RISK ASSESSMENT; ROCKS; SNOW; TIMBER; WOOD;

BOLES; MOUNDS; SNAGS; WINDTHROW;

FORESTRY;

AVALANCHE; DISTURBANCE; FOREST MANAGEMENT; RISK ASSESSMENT; ROCKFALL; SNAG; WINDTHROW;

DECAY; FORESTATION; FORESTS; MOUNTAINS; RISK ASSESSMENT; ROCK; SNOW; STUMPS; WOOD;

CENTRAL EUROPE; DISENTIS; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; EUROPE; GRAUBUNDEN; SWITZERLAND; WORLD;

EID: 20544455129     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.03.062     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Ammann, W.J. (Ed.), 2000. Der Lawinenwinter 1999. Ereignisanalyse. Davos, Eidg. Institut für Schnee- und Lawinenforschung, p. 588.
2. F. Berger, C. Quetel, and L.K.A. Dorren Forest: a natural protection mean against rockfalls, but with which effect? Proceedings of the International Congress Interpraevent 2002 in the Pacific Rim Matsumoto, Japan 2002 815 826
3. K.W. Birkeland, K.J. Hansen, and R.L. Brown The spatial variability of snow resistance on potential avalanche slopes J. Glaciol. 41 137 1995 183 190
4. P. Brang, W. Schönenberger, E. Ott, and B. Gardner Forests as protection from natural hazards J. Evans The Forests Handbook vol. 2 2001 Blackwell Science Oxford 53 81
5. Brassel, P., Brändli, U.B., 1999. Schweizerisches Landesforstinventar. Ergebnisse der Zweitaufnahme 1993-1995. Paul Haupt, Bern, Stuttgart, Wien, p. 442.
6. P.M. Brown, W.D. Shepperd, S.A. Mata, and D.L. McClain Longevity of windthrow logs in a subalpine forest of central Colorado Can. J. For. Res. 28 1998 932 936
7. M. Bründl, M. Schneebeli, and H. Flühler Routing of canopy drip in the snowpack below a spruce crown Hydrol. Process. 13 1 1999 49 58
8. BUWAL, 2000. Entscheidungshilfe bei Sturmschäden im Wald, Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft, Bern. Vollzug Umwelt, p. 100.
9. BUWAL and WSL, 2000. Richtlinien für den Lawinenverbau im Anbruchgebiet. Ausgabe 1990/ergänzt 2000. Bern, Davos, Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft, Eidg. Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft. p. 98.
10. B.D. Clinton, and C.R. Baker Catastrophic windthrow in the southern Appalachians: characteristics of pits and mounds and initial vegetation responses For. Ecol. Manage. 126 1 2000 51 60
11. Dorren, L.K.A., 2002. Mountain geoecosystems - GIS modelling of rockfall and protection forest structure. Dissertation. Universiteit van Amsterdam, p. 162.
12. L.K.A. Dorren A review of rockfall mechanics and modelling approaches Prog. Phys. Geogr. 27 1 2003 69 87
13. L.K.A. Dorren, F. Berger, A.C. Imeson, B. Maier, and F. Rey Integrity, stability and management of protection forests in the European Alps For. Ecol. Manage. 195 2004 165 176
14. T.H. Erismann, and G. Abele Dynamics of rockslides and rockfalls 2001 Springer Berlin p. 316
15. Frehner, M., Wasser, B., Schwitter, R., in press. Nachhaltigkeit und Erfolgskontrolle im Schutzwald - Wegleitung für Pflegemassnahmen in Wäldern mit Schutzfunktion. BUWAL, Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft, Bern.
16. M. Frei, A. Böll, F. Graf, H.R. Heinimann, and S. Springmann Quantification of the influence of vegetation on soil stability Proceedings of the International Conference on Slope Engineering Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, December 8-10, 2003 2003 872 877
17. W. Frey, and P. Thee Avalanche protection of windthrow areas: a ten year comparison of cleared and uncleared starting zones For. Snow Landsc. Res. 77 1-2 2002 89 107
18. W. Gerber, C. Rickli, and F. Graf Surface erosion in cleared and uncleared mountain windthrow sites For. Snow Landsc. Res. 77 1-2 2002 109 116
19. H. Hytteborn, and J.R. Packham Decay rate of Picea abies logs and the storm gap theory: a re-examination of Sernander plot iii, Fiby Urskog, Central Sweden Arboric. J. 11 1987 299 311
20. B.G. Jonsson N. Kruys Ecology of woody debris in boreal forests Ecol. Bull. 2001 281
21. Kupferschmid, A.D., 2003. Succession in a protection forest after Picea abies die-back. ETH, Dissertation Nr. 15228. Zürich, ETH: p. 237. http://www.e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/cgi-bin/show.pl?type=diss&nr=15228.
22. A.D. Kupferschmid, W. Schönenberger, and U. Wasem Tree regeneration in a Norway spruce snag stand after tree die-back caused by Ips typographus For. Snow Landsc. Res. 77 1-2 2002 149 160
23. A.D. Kupferschmid, P. Brang, W. Schönenberger, and H. Bugmann Decay of Picea abies snag stands on steep mountain slopes For. Chron. 79 2 2003 247 252
24. Leuenberger, F., 1989. Temporärer Stützverbau und Gleitschneeschutz. Handbuch Bauanleitung. Davos, SLF, p. 80.
25. D.M. McClung Characteristics of terrain, snow supply and forest cover for avalanche initiation caused by logging Ann. Glaciol. 32 2001 223 229
26. McClung, D., Schaerer, P., 1993. The Avalanche Handbook, 3rd print. Mountaineers, Seattle, p. 271.
27. Mizuyama, T., Narita, H., 1988. Debris flow control by woods and their impact energy absorptivity. Int. Congr. Interpraevent, Graz, pp. 173-181.
28. S. Perret, F. Dolf, and H. Kienholz Rockfalls into forests: analysis and simulation of rockfall trajectories - considerations with respect to mountainous forests in Switzerland Landslides 1 2004 123 130
29. M. Schneebeli, and M. Meyer-Grass Avalanche starting zones below the timberline: structure of forest Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop Breckenridge, CO 1992 176 181
30. M. Schneebeli, and P. Bebi Snow and avalanche control J. Burley J. Evans J.A. Youngquist Encyclopedia of Forest Sciences vol. 1 2004 Elsevier/Academic Press 397 402
31. W. Schönenberger Post windthrow stand regeneration in Swiss mountain forests: the first ten years after the 1990 storm Vivian For. Snow Landsc. Res. 77 1-2 2002 61 80
32. W. Schönenberger Windthrow research after the 1990 storm Vivian in Switzerland: objectives, study sites, and projects For. Snow Landsc. Res. 77 1-2 2002 9 16
33. W. Schönenberger A. Fischer J.L. Innes Vivian's legacy in Switzerland - impact of windthrow on forest dynamics For. Snow Landsc. Res. 77 1-2 2002 224
34. W. Schönenberger, and P. Brang Silviculture in mountain forests J. Burley J. Evans J. Youngquist Encyclopedia of Forest Sciences vol. 3 2004 Elsevier/Academic Press 1085 1094
35. M. Schüepp, H.H. Schiesser, H. Huntrieser, H.U. Scherrer, and H. Schmidtke The winterstorm "Vivian" of 27 February 1990. About the meteorological development, wind forces and damage situation in the forests of Switzerland Theor. Appl. Climatol. 49 1994 183 200
36. M.J. Smith, and D.M. McClung Avalanche frequency and terrain characteristics at Rogers' pass, British Columbia, Canada J. Glaciol. 43 143 1997 165 171
37. K. Storaunet, and J. Rolstad Time since death and fall of Norway spruce logs in old-growth and selectively cut boreal forest Can. J. For. Res. 32 10 2002 1801 1812
38. N.G. Ulanova The effects of windthrow on forests at different spatial scales: a review For. Ecol. Manage. 135 1-3 2000 155 167