Retinal vein occlusion: A form of venous thrombosis or a complication of atherosclerosis? A meta-analysis of thrombophilic factors

Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Volumn 93, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 1021-1026

  Janssen, Mirian C H ^a   den Heijer, Martin ^a   Cruysberg, Johannes R M ^a   Wollersheim, Hub ^a   Bredie, Sebastian J H ^a  

^a RADBOUD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Anticardiolipin antibodies; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Retinal vein occlusion; Retinal vein thrombosis; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR 5 LEIDEN; CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODY; HOMOCYSTEINE; LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE (NADPH2); PROTEIN C; PROTEIN S; PROTHROMBIN;

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; GENE MUTATION; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA; HYPERTENSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN C DEFICIENCY; PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY; RETINA VEIN OCCLUSION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; VEIN THROMBOSIS;

ANTIBODIES, ANTICARDIOLIPIN; ARTERIES; ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; FACTOR V; HUMANS; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA; LUPUS COAGULATION INHIBITOR; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE (NADPH2); MUTATION; PROTHROMBIN; RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION; RISK FACTORS; THROMBOPHILIA;

EID: 20444435937     PISSN: 03406245     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1160/TH04-11-0768     Document Type: Review

References (56)

1. David R, Zangwill L, Badarna M et al. Epidemiology of retinal vein occlusion and its association with glaucoma and increased intraocular pressure. Ophthalmologica 1988; 197: 69-74.
2. Beaumont PE, Kang HK. Clinical characteristics of retinal venous occlusions occurring at different sites. Br J Ophthalmol 2002; 86: 572-80.
3. Williamson TH. Central retinal vein occlusion: what's the story? Br J Ophthalmol 1997; 81: 698-704.
4. Dryden RM. Central retinal vein occlusions and chronic simple glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol 1965; 73: 659-63.
5. Vannas S, Tarkkanen A. Retinal vein occlusion and glaucoma: tonographic study of the incidence of glaucoma and of its prognosic significance. Br J Ophtalmol 1960; 44: 583-89.
6. Hayreh SS, Zimmerman B, McCarthy MJ et al. Systemic diseases associated with various types of retinal vein occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol 2001; 131: 61-77.
7. Johnston RL, Brucker AJ, Steinmann W et al. Risk factors of branch retinal vein occlusion. Arch Ophthalmol 1985; 103: 1831-32.
8. Prisco D, Marcucci R, Bertini L et al. Cardiovascular and thrombophilic risk factors for central retinal vein occlusion. Eur J Intern Med 2002; 13: 163-9.
9. Prisco D, Marcucci R. Retinal vein thrombosis: risk factors, pathogenesis and therapeutic approach. Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb 2002; 32: 308-11.
10. Rath EZ, Frank RN, Shin DH et al. Risk factors for retinal vein occlusions. A case-control study. Ophthalmology 1992; 99: 509-14.
11. Recchia FM, Brown GC. Systemic disorders associated with retinal vascular occlusion. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2000; 11: 462-67.
12. Robinson MK, Halpern JI. Retinal vein occlusion. Am Fam Physician 1992; 45: 2661-6.
13. Sperduto RD, Hiller R, Chew E et al. Risk factors for hemiretinal vein occlusion: comparison with risk factors for central and branch retinal vein occlusion: the eye disease case-control study. Ophthalmology 1998; 105: 765-71.
14. Swart J, Reichert-Thoen JW, Suttorp-Schulten MS et al. Diabetes mellitus: a risk factor affecting visual outcome in branch retinal vein occlusion. Eur J Ophthalmol 2003; 13: 648-52.
15. Wenzler EM, Rademakers AJ, Boers GH et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia in retinal artery and retinal vein occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol 1993; 115: 162-7.
16. Sterne JAC, Bradburn MJ, Egger M. Meta-analysis in Stata. Systematic reviews 2001: 347-69.
17. Woolf B. On estimating the relation between blood group and disease. Ann Hum Genet 1955; 19: 251-3.
18. Abu El-Asrar AM, Abdel Gader AG, Al Amro SA et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and retinal vascular occlusive disease. Eur J Ophthalmol 2002; 12: 495-500.
19. Adamczuk YP, Iglesias Varela ML, Martinuzzo ME et al. Central retinal vein occlusion and thrombophilia risk factors. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2002; 13: 623-6.
20. Brown BA, Marx JL, Ward TP et al. Homocysteine: a risk factor for retinal venous occlusive disease. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 287-90.
21. Cahill M, Karabatzaki M, Meleady R et al. Raised plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for retinal vascular occlusive disease. Br J Ophthalmol 2000; 84: 154-7.
22. Lahey JM, Tunc M, Kearney J et al. Laboratory evaluation of hypercoagulable states in patients with central retinal vein occlusion who are less than 56 years of age. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 126-31.
23. Marcucci R, Bertini L, Giusti B et al. Thrombophilic risk factors in patients with central retinal vein occlusion. Thromb Haemost 2001; 86: 772-6.
24. Pianka P, Almog Y, Man O et al. Hyperhomocystinemia in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, central retinal artery occlusion, and central retinal vein occlusion. Ophthalmology 2000; 107: 1588-92.
25. Vine AK. Hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for central retinal vein occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol 2000; 129: 640-4.
26. Weger M, Stanger O, Deutschmann H et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia, but not methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutation, as a risk factor in branch retinal vein occlusion. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 1105-9.
27. Yildirim C, Yaylali V, Tatlipinar S et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for retinal vein occlusion. Ophthalmologica 2004; 218: 102-6.
28. Marcucci R, Giusti B, Betti I et al. Genetic determinants of fasting and post-methionine hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with retinal vein occlusion. Thromb Res 2003; 110: 7-12.
29. Boyd S, Owens D, Gin T et al. Plasma homocysteine, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and factor II G20210A polymorphisms, factor VIII, and VWF in central retinal vein occlusion. Br J Ophthalmol 2001; 85: 1313-15.
30. Cahill M, Karabatzaki M, Donoghue C et al. Thermolabile MTHFR genotype and retinal vascular occlusive disease. Br J Ophthalmol 2001; 85: 88-90.
31. Cruciani F, Moramarco A, Curto T et al. MTHFR C677T mutation, factor II G20210A mutation and factor V Leiden as risks factor for youth retinal vein occlusion. Clin Ther 2003; 154: 299-303.
32. Glueck CJ, Bell H, Vadlamani L et al. Heritable thrombophilia and hypofibrinolysis. Possible causes of retinal vein occlusion. Arch Ophthalmol 1999; 117: 43-9.
33. Larsson J, Hultberg B, Hillarp A. Hyperhomocysteinemia and the MTHFR C677T mutation in central retinal vein occlusion. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2000; 78: 340-3.
34. Salomon O, Moisseiev J, Rosenberg N et al. Analysis of genetic polymorphisms related to thrombosis and other risk factors in patients with retinal vein occlusion. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 1998; 9: 617-22.
35. Weger M, Stanger O, Deutschmann H et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and MTHFR C677T genotypes in patients with central retinal vein occlusion. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2002; 240: 286-90.
36. Aras S, Yilmaz G, Alpas I et al. Retinal vein occlusion and factor V Leiden and prothrombin 20210 G:A mutations. Eur J Ophthalmol 2001; 11: 351-5.
37. Bombeli T, Basic A, Fehr J. Prevalence of hereditary thrombophilia in patients with thrombosis in different venous systems. Am J Hematol 2002; 70: 126-32.
38. Demirci FY, Kucukkaya R, Akarcay K et al. Ocular involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Int Ophthalmol 1998; 22: 323-9.
39. Johnson TM, El Defrawy S, Hodge WG et al. Prevalence of factor V Leiden and activated protein C resistance in central retinal vein occlusion. Retina 2001; 21: 161-6.
40. Kalayci D, Gurgey A, Guven D et al. Factor V Leiden and prothrombin 20210 A mutations in patients with central and branch retinal vein occlusion. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1999; 77: 622-24.
41. Marcucci R, Bertini L, Liotta AA et al. Activated protein C resistance is a risk factor for central retinal vein occlusion. Ann Ital Med Int 2000; 15: 195-8.
42. Kadayifcilar S, Ozatli D, Ozcebe O et al. Is activated factor VII associated with retinal vein occlusion? Br J Ophthalmol 2001; 85: 1174-8.
43. Larsson J, Hillarp A, Olafsdottir E et al. Activated protein C resistance and anticoagulant proteins in young adults with central retinal vein occlusion. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1999; 77: 634-7.
44. Tekeli O, Gursel E, Buyurgan H. Protein C, protein S and antithrombin III deficiencies in retinal vein occlusion. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1999; 77: 628-30.
45. Abu El-Asrar AM, Abdel Gader AG, Al Amro S et al. Hypercoagulable states in patients with retinal venous occlusion. Doc Ophthalmol 1998; 95: 133-43.
46. Carbone J, Sanchez-Ramon S, Cobo-Soriano R et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies: a risk factor for occlusive retinal vascular disorders. Comparison with ocular inflammatory diseases. J Rheumatol 2001; 28: 2437-41.
47. Cobo-Soriano R, Sanchez-Ramon S, Aparicio MJ et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and retinal thrombosis in patients without risk factors: a prospective case-control study. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 128: 725-32.
48. den Heijer M, Lewington S, Clarke R. Homocysteine, MTHFR and risk of venous thrombosis: a meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3: 292-9.
49. Wald DS, Law M, Morris JK. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: evidence on causality from a meta-analysis. BMJ 2002; 325: 1202.
50. den Heijer M. Hyperhomocysteinaemia as a risk factor for venous thrombosis: an update of the current evidence. Clin Chem Lab Med 2003; 41: 1404-7.
51. den Heijer M, Rosendaal FR, Blom HJ et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and venous thrombosis: a meta-analysis. Thromb Haemost 1998; 80: 874-77.
52. Greiner K, Hafner G, Dick B et al. Retinal vascular occlusion and deficiencies in the protein C pathway. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 128: 69-74.
53. Hodgkins PR, Perry DJ, Sawcer SJ et al. Factor V and antithrombin gene mutations in patients with idiopathic central retinal vein occlusion. Eye 1995; 9: 760-2.
54. Linna T, Ylikorkala A, Kontula K et al. Prevalence of factor V Leiden in young adults with retinal vein occlusion. Thromb Haemost 1997; 77: 214-6.
55. Harats D, George J, Levy Y et al. Atheroma: links with antiphopholipid antibodies, Hughes syndrome and lupus. Q J Med 1999;92:57-9.
56. Vaarala O. Antiphospholipid antibodies and atherosclerosis. Lupus 1996; 5: 442-7.