메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 33, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 1259-1284

Technological capabilities, invisible infrastructure and the un-social construction of predictability: The overlooked fixed costs of useful research

Author keywords

Experimentation; Infrastructure; Predictability; Science policy; Technological capabilities

Indexed keywords

COSTS; DATA PROCESSING; INFORMATION ANALYSIS; INVESTMENTS; PUBLIC POLICY; RESEARCH; SOCIAL ASPECTS;

EID: 20344387489     PISSN: 00487333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2004.08.008     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (71)

References (142)
  • 1
    • 20344399748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D.Phil. Thesis. SPRU, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, Unpublished
    • Acha, V., 2001. D.Phil. Thesis. SPRU, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, Unpublished.
    • (2001)
    • Acha, V.1
  • 2
    • 0000260962 scopus 로고
    • Uncertainty and the welfare economics of medical care
    • K.J. Arrow Uncertainty and the welfare economics of medical care American Economic Review 53 1963 941 973
    • (1963) American Economic Review , vol.53 , pp. 941-973
    • Arrow, K.J.1
  • 4
    • 0003586486 scopus 로고
    • J.O. Urmson M. Sbisa 2nd ed. Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA
    • J. Austin J.O. Urmson M. Sbisa How to Do Things with Words 2nd ed. 1975 Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA
    • (1975) How to Do Things with Words
    • Austin, J.1
  • 8
    • 84937308402 scopus 로고
    • A sociology of modelling and the politics of empowerment
    • J. Braithwaite A sociology of modelling and the politics of empowerment British Journal of Sociology 45 2 1994 443 479
    • (1994) British Journal of Sociology , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 443-479
    • Braithwaite, J.1
  • 10
    • 0035605664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge specialization and the boundaries of the firm: Why do firms know more than they make?
    • S. Brusoni, A. Prencipe, and K. Pavitt Knowledge specialization and the boundaries of the firm: why do firms know more than they make? Administrative Science Quarterly 46 2000 597 621
    • (2000) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.46 , pp. 597-621
    • Brusoni, S.1    Prencipe, A.2    Pavitt, K.3
  • 15
    • 20344399005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D.Phil. SPRU. University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, Unpublished
    • Calvert, J., 2002. D.Phil. SPRU. University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, Unpublished.
    • (2002)
    • Calvert, J.1
  • 17
    • 0000041791 scopus 로고
    • Innovation and learning: The two faces of R&D
    • W.M. Cohen, and D.A. Levinthal Innovation and learning: the two faces of R&D Economic Journal 99 2 1989 569 596
    • (1989) Economic Journal , vol.99 , Issue.2 , pp. 569-596
    • Cohen, W.M.1    Levinthal, D.A.2
  • 19
    • 20344371074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why evolution is a theory about stability: Constraint, causation, and ecology in technological change
    • Albourg, Denmark
    • E. Constant Why evolution is a theory about stability: constraint, causation, and ecology in technological change Proceedings of the DRUID Summer Conference Albourg, Denmark 2002
    • (2002) Proceedings of the DRUID Summer Conference
    • Constant, E.1
  • 22
    • 0012044130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organisational capabilities and learning in complex product systems: Towards repeatable solutions
    • A. Davies, and T. Brady Organisational capabilities and learning in complex product systems: towards repeatable solutions Research Policy 29 7-8 2000 931 953
    • (2000) Research Policy , vol.29 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 931-953
    • Davies, A.1    Brady, T.2
  • 24
    • 0003984012 scopus 로고
    • Edited and Translated by Philips Bradley. Everyman Library, London
    • de Tocqueville, A., 1815/1994. Democracy in America. Edited and Translated by Philips Bradley. Everyman Library, London.
    • (1815) Democracy in America
    • De Tocqueville, A.1
  • 25
    • 0022421379 scopus 로고
    • Quantum theory, the Church-Turing principle, and the universal quantum computer
    • D. Deutsch Quantum theory, the Church-Turing principle, and the universal quantum computer Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 400 1985 97 117
    • (1985) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London a , vol.400 , pp. 97-117
    • Deutsch, D.1
  • 27
    • 0012651592 scopus 로고
    • Technological paradigms and technological trajectories: A suggested interpretation of the determinants and directions of technical change
    • G. Dosi Technological paradigms and technological trajectories: a suggested interpretation of the determinants and directions of technical change Research Policy 11 3 1982 147 162
    • (1982) Research Policy , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 147-162
    • Dosi, G.1
  • 28
    • 0003061636 scopus 로고
    • The nature of the innovation process
    • G. Dosi C. Freeman R.R. Nelson G. Silverberg L. Soete Wheatsheaf Brighton
    • G. Dosi The nature of the innovation process G. Dosi C. Freeman R.R. Nelson G. Silverberg L. Soete Technical Change and Economic Theory 1988 Wheatsheaf Brighton
    • (1988) Technical Change and Economic Theory
    • Dosi, G.1
  • 29
    • 20344393484 scopus 로고
    • Substantive and procedural uncertainty: An exploration of economic behaviours in complex and changing environments
    • Brighton. SPRU, University of Sussex, England
    • Dosi, G., Egidi, M., 1987. Substantive and procedural uncertainty: an exploration of economic behaviours in complex and changing environments. SPRU DRC Discussion Paper, No. 46, Brighton. SPRU, University of Sussex, England.
    • (1987) SPRU DRC Discussion Paper , vol.46
    • Dosi, G.1    Egidi, M.2
  • 30
    • 0007891094 scopus 로고
    • The telegraph and the structure of markets in the United States 1845-1890
    • R.B. DuBoff The telegraph and the structure of markets in the United States 1845-1890 Research in Economic History 8 1 1983 253 277
    • (1983) Research in Economic History , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 253-277
    • Duboff, R.B.1
  • 31
    • 0004131230 scopus 로고
    • Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA
    • J. Dupré The Disorder of Things 1993 Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA
    • (1993) The Disorder of Things
    • Dupré, J.1
  • 33
    • 0003065272 scopus 로고
    • A working definition of modernity
    • M. Elvin A working definition of modernity Past and Present 113 2 1986 209 213
    • (1986) Past and Present , vol.113 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-213
    • Elvin, M.1
  • 34
    • 20344382380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contingent capabilities and software innovation
    • CENTRIM, Brighton, UK, Unpublished
    • Flowers, S., 2003. Contingent Capabilities and Software Innovation. CoPS Working Paper, CENTRIM, Brighton, UK, Unpublished.
    • (2003) CoPS Working Paper
    • Flowers, S.1
  • 42
    • 0000968009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A morphology of Japanese and European corporate research networks
    • D. Hicks, P. Isard, and B. Martin A morphology of Japanese and European corporate research networks Research Policy 25 2 1996 359 378
    • (1996) Research Policy , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 359-378
    • Hicks, D.1    Isard, P.2    Martin, B.3
  • 45
    • 0008677341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Product complexity, innovation and industrial organisation
    • M. Hobday Product complexity, innovation and industrial organisation Research Policy 26 6 1998 689 710
    • (1998) Research Policy , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 689-710
    • Hobday, M.1
  • 46
    • 0032640396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technology management in complex product systems (CoPS) - Ten questions answered
    • M. Hobday, and H. Rush Technology management in complex product systems (CoPS) - ten questions answered International Journal of Technology Management 17 6 1999 618 638
    • (1999) International Journal of Technology Management , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 618-638
    • Hobday, M.1    Rush, H.2
  • 47
    • 20344407173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk management and the commercialisation of human genetic testing in the UK
    • M. McKelvey A. Rickne J. Laage-Hellman Edward Elgar Cheltenham
    • M. Hopkins, and P. Nightingale Risk management and the commercialisation of human genetic testing in the UK M. McKelvey A. Rickne J. Laage-Hellman The Economic Dynamics of Modern Biotechnology 2004 Edward Elgar Cheltenham
    • (2004) The Economic Dynamics of Modern Biotechnology
    • Hopkins, M.1    Nightingale, P.2
  • 49
    • 0006199344 scopus 로고
    • The general theory of employment
    • Harcourt, Brace and Company London
    • J.M. Keynes The general theory of employment Interest and Money 1936 Harcourt, Brace and Company London
    • (1936) Interest and Money
    • Keynes, J.M.1
  • 50
    • 1842514274 scopus 로고
    • On the sources and significance of interindustry differences in technological opportunities
    • A.K. Klevorick, R.C. Levin, R.R. Nelson, and S.G. Winter On the sources and significance of interindustry differences in technological opportunities Research Policy 24 2 1995 185 205
    • (1995) Research Policy , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-205
    • Klevorick, A.K.1    Levin, R.C.2    Nelson, R.R.3    Winter, S.G.4
  • 53
    • 84938050426 scopus 로고
    • Scientific technology, 1845-1900: The hydraulic turbine and the origins of American industrial research
    • E.T. Layton Scientific technology, 1845-1900: the hydraulic turbine and the origins of American industrial research Technology and Culture 20 1 1979 64 89
    • (1979) Technology and Culture , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 64-89
    • Layton, E.T.1
  • 57
    • 20344396724 scopus 로고
    • MSc. Thesis. SPRU, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, Unpublished
    • Lyle, K., 1993. MSc. Thesis. SPRU, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, Unpublished.
    • (1993)
    • Lyle, K.1
  • 59
    • 0037688083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Search strategy in product innovation process: Theory and evidence from the evolution of agrochemical lead discovery process
    • S. Mahdi Search strategy in product innovation process: theory and evidence from the evolution of agrochemical lead discovery process Industrial and Corporate Change 12 2 2003 235 270
    • (2003) Industrial and Corporate Change , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 235-270
    • Mahdi, S.1
  • 60
    • 85011179125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic consequences of Bruno Latour
    • C. McClellan The economic consequences of Bruno Latour Social Epistemology 10 2 1996 193 208
    • (1996) Social Epistemology , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 193-208
    • McClellan, C.1
  • 62
    • 0031440835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Friend or foe? Information technology and the London Stock Exchange since 1700
    • R.C. Michie Friend or foe? Information technology and the London Stock Exchange since 1700 Journal of Historical Geography 23 3 1997 304 326
    • (1997) Journal of Historical Geography , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 304-326
    • Michie, R.C.1
  • 66
    • 0010113702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA
    • D. Moss When All Else Fails 2002 Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA
    • (2002) When All Else Fails
    • Moss, D.1
  • 68
    • 49249142364 scopus 로고
    • The influence of market demand upon innovation: A critical revue of some recent empirical studies
    • D. Mowery, and N. Rosenberg The influence of market demand upon innovation: a critical revue of some recent empirical studies Research Policy 8 2 1979 103 153
    • (1979) Research Policy , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 103-153
    • Mowery, D.1    Rosenberg, N.2
  • 69
    • 20344405076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The increasing linkage between U.S. technology and public science
    • F. Narin, K. Hamilton, and D. Olivastro The increasing linkage between U.S. technology and public science Research Policy 197 2 1997 101 121
    • (1997) Research Policy , vol.197 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-121
    • Narin, F.1    Hamilton, K.2    Olivastro, D.3
  • 71
    • 31244435680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the nature and evolution of human know-how
    • R.R. Nelson On the nature and evolution of human know-how Research Policy 31 2 2002 719 733
    • (2002) Research Policy , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 719-733
    • Nelson, R.R.1
  • 72
    • 0003410429 scopus 로고
    • The influence of science, university research and technical societies on industrial R & D and technical advance
    • Research Programme on Technology Change. Yale University, New Haven
    • Nelson, R., Levin, R., 1986. The influence of science, university research and technical societies on industrial R & D and technical advance. Policy Discussion Paper Series, No. 3. Research Programme on Technology Change. Yale University, New Haven.
    • (1986) Policy Discussion Paper Series , vol.3
    • Nelson, R.1    Levin, R.2
  • 74
    • 0000217018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cognitive theory of innovation
    • P. Nightingale A cognitive theory of innovation Research Policy 27 7 1998 689 709
    • (1998) Research Policy , vol.27 , Issue.7 , pp. 689-709
    • Nightingale, P.1
  • 75
    • 0000034899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economies of scale in pharmaceutical experimentation
    • P. Nightingale Economies of scale in pharmaceutical experimentation Industrial and Corporate Change 9 2 2000 315 359
    • (2000) Industrial and Corporate Change , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 315-359
    • Nightingale, P.1
  • 76
    • 0038031728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • If Nelson and Winter are half right about tacit knowledge, which half? a Searlean critique of codification
    • P. Nightingale If Nelson and Winter are half right about tacit knowledge, which half? A Searlean critique of codification Industrial and Corporate Change 12 2 2003 149 183
    • (2003) Industrial and Corporate Change , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 149-183
    • Nightingale, P.1
  • 77
    • 0042068031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capacity utilisation revisited: Software, control and the growth of large technical systems
    • P. Nightingale, T. Brady, A. Davies, and J. Hall Capacity utilisation revisited: software, control and the growth of large technical systems Industrial and Corporate Change 12 3 2003 477 517
    • (2003) Industrial and Corporate Change , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 477-517
    • Nightingale, P.1    Brady, T.2    Davies, A.3    Hall, J.4
  • 78
    • 0034109289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innovation in investment banking: The dynamics of control systems in the Chandlerian firm
    • P. Nightingale, and R. Poll Innovation in investment banking: the dynamics of control systems in the Chandlerian firm Industrial and Corporate Change 9 1 2000 113 141
    • (2000) Industrial and Corporate Change , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 113-141
    • Nightingale, P.1    Poll, R.2
  • 80
    • 0033349272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Software engineering programmes are not computer science programmes
    • D.L. Parnas Software engineering programmes are not computer science programmes IEEE Software 16 6 1999 19 30
    • (1999) IEEE Software , vol.16 , Issue.6 , pp. 19-30
    • Parnas, D.L.1
  • 81
    • 84968398361 scopus 로고
    • Large firms in the production of the world's technology: An important case of non-globalisation
    • P. Patel, and K. Pavitt Large firms in the production of the world's technology: an important case of non-globalisation Journal of International Business Studies 22 1 1990 1 21
    • (1990) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-21
    • Patel, P.1    Pavitt, K.2
  • 82
    • 43949160278 scopus 로고
    • The continuing, widespread (and neglected) importance of improvements in mechanical technologies
    • P. Patel, and K. Pavitt The continuing, widespread (and neglected) importance of improvements in mechanical technologies Research Policy 23 5 1994 533 545
    • (1994) Research Policy , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 533-545
    • Patel, P.1    Pavitt, K.2
  • 83
    • 0000948518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The technological competencies of the world's largest firms: Complex and path-dependent, but not much variety
    • P. Patel, and K. Pavitt The technological competencies of the world's largest firms: complex and path-dependent, but not much variety Research Policy 26 1997 141 156
    • (1997) Research Policy , vol.26 , pp. 141-156
    • Patel, P.1    Pavitt, K.2
  • 84
    • 0343557402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uneven (and divergent), technological accumulation among advanced countries - Evidence and a framework of explanation
    • G. Dosi D.J. Teece J. Chytry Oxford University Press Oxford
    • P. Patel, and K. Pavitt Uneven (and divergent), technological accumulation among advanced countries - evidence and a framework of explanation G. Dosi D.J. Teece J. Chytry Technology, Organisation and Competitiveness - Perspectives on Industrial and Corporate Change 1998 Oxford University Press Oxford 289 317
    • (1998) Technology, Organisation and Competitiveness - Perspectives on Industrial and Corporate Change , pp. 289-317
    • Patel, P.1    Pavitt, K.2
  • 85
    • 0003846462 scopus 로고
    • Sectoral patterns of technological change: Towards a taxonomy and a theory
    • K. Pavitt Sectoral patterns of technological change: towards a taxonomy and a theory Research Policy 13 1984 343 374
    • (1984) Research Policy , vol.13 , pp. 343-374
    • Pavitt, K.1
  • 86
    • 84959846107 scopus 로고
    • The nature of technology published as: The objectives of technology policy
    • K. Pavitt The nature of technology published as: the objectives of technology policy Science and Public Policy 14 4 1987 182 188
    • (1987) Science and Public Policy , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 182-188
    • Pavitt, K.1
  • 87
    • 0000763725 scopus 로고
    • What makes basic research economically useful?
    • K. Pavitt What makes basic research economically useful? Research Policy 20 2 1991 109 119
    • (1991) Research Policy , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 109-119
    • Pavitt, K.1
  • 88
    • 0029844092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National policies for technical change: Where are the increasing returns to economic research?
    • K. Pavitt National policies for technical change: where are the increasing returns to economic research? Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 93 23 1996 12693 12700
    • (1996) Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA , vol.93 , Issue.23 , pp. 12693-12700
    • Pavitt, K.1
  • 89
    • 0012320696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technologies, products and organisations in the innovation firm: What Adam Smith tell us and Joseph Schumpeter doesn't
    • K. Pavitt Technologies, products and organisations in the innovation firm: What Adam Smith tell us and Joseph Schumpeter doesn't Industrial and Corporate Change 7 3 1998 433 452
    • (1998) Industrial and Corporate Change , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 433-452
    • Pavitt, K.1
  • 90
    • 0001044726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The social shaping of the national science base
    • K. Pavitt The social shaping of the national science base Research Policy 27 1998 793 805
    • (1998) Research Policy , vol.27 , pp. 793-805
    • Pavitt, K.1
  • 92
    • 0034833430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public policies to support basic research: What can the rest of the world learn from US theory and practice? (and what they should not learn)
    • K. Pavitt Public policies to support basic research: What can the rest of the world learn from US theory and practice? (and what they should not learn) Industrial and Corporate Change 10 3 2001 761 779
    • (2001) Industrial and Corporate Change , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 761-779
    • Pavitt, K.1
  • 96
    • 0004099889 scopus 로고
    • Translated into English as Dover, New York
    • Translated into English as: Science and Method. Dover, New York, 1958.
    • (1958) Science and Method
  • 98
    • 0035625069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-project learning: Processes and outcomes of knowledge codification in project-based firms
    • A. Prencipe, and F. Tell Inter-project learning: processes and outcomes of knowledge codification in project-based firms Research Policy 30 2 2001 1373 1394
    • (2001) Research Policy , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 1373-1394
    • Prencipe, A.1    Tell, F.2
  • 99
    • 0001616121 scopus 로고
    • Is technology historically independent of science? a study in statistical historiography
    • D. Price, and de Solla Is technology historically independent of science? A study in statistical historiography Technology and Culture 4 4 1965 553 568
    • (1965) Technology and Culture , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 553-568
    • Price, D.1    De Solla2
  • 100
    • 49849098024 scopus 로고
    • Science innovation and economic growth
    • N. Rosenberg Science innovation and economic growth Economic Journal 84 333 1974 90 108
    • (1974) Economic Journal , vol.84 , Issue.333 , pp. 90-108
    • Rosenberg, N.1
  • 101
    • 0345216681 scopus 로고
    • Karl Marx on the economic role of science
    • Rosenberg, N., 1974b. Karl Marx on the economic role of science. Journal of Political Economy 82 (4) 713-728.
    • (1974) Journal of Political Economy , vol.82 , Issue.4 , pp. 713-728
    • Rosenberg, N.1
  • 104
    • 84925898568 scopus 로고
    • Marx as a student of technology
    • Rosenberg, N., 1976b. Marx as a Student of Technology. Monthly Review 28, 56-77.
    • (1976) Monthly Review , vol.28 , pp. 56-77
    • Rosenberg, N.1
  • 106
    • 0040271762 scopus 로고
    • Technological interdependence in the American economy
    • N. Rosenberg Technological interdependence in the American economy Technology and Culture 20 1 1979 25 50
    • (1979) Technology and Culture , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-50
    • Rosenberg, N.1
  • 109
    • 38249009242 scopus 로고
    • Scientific instrumentation and university research
    • N. Rosenberg Scientific instrumentation and university research Research Policy 21 4 1992 381 390
    • (1992) Research Policy , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 381-390
    • Rosenberg, N.1
  • 111
    • 0003933104 scopus 로고
    • Princeton University Press Princeton
    • D. Ruelle Chance and Chaos 1991 Princeton University Press Princeton
    • (1991) Chance and Chaos
    • Ruelle, D.1
  • 114
    • 0000808494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic benefits of publicly funded basic research: A critical review
    • A.J. Salter, and B. Martin The economic benefits of publicly funded basic research: a critical review Research Policy 30 1 2001 509 532
    • (2001) Research Policy , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 509-532
    • Salter, A.J.1    Martin, B.2
  • 117
    • 0012839003 scopus 로고
    • Electronic configurations, quantum mechanics and reduction
    • E.R. Scerri Electronic configurations, quantum mechanics and reduction British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 42 2 1991 309 325
    • (1991) British Journal for the Philosophy of Science , vol.42 , Issue.2 , pp. 309-325
    • Scerri, E.R.1
  • 118
    • 0001079264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The case for the philosophy of chemistry
    • E.R. Scerri, and L. McIntyre The case for the philosophy of chemistry Synthese 111 2 1997 213 232
    • (1997) Synthese , vol.111 , Issue.2 , pp. 213-232
    • Scerri, E.R.1    McIntyre, L.2
  • 129
    • 0042185295 scopus 로고
    • Environmental valuations: How much is the emperor wearing?
    • A. Stirling Environmental valuations: how much is the emperor wearing? Ecologist 23 2 1993 15 32
    • (1993) Ecologist , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 15-32
    • Stirling, A.1
  • 130
    • 0006969408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On precautionary and science based approaches to risk assessment and environmental appraisal
    • Klinke, A., Renn, O., Rip, A., Salo, A., Stirling, A. (Eds.) Case Studies. European Science and Technology Observatory, Sevilla, Report EUR 19056/EN/2, European Commission Joint Research Centre
    • Stirling, A., 2000. On precautionary and science based approaches to risk assessment and environmental appraisal. In: Klinke, A., Renn, O., Rip, A., Salo, A., Stirling, A. (Eds.), On Science and Precaution in the Management of Technological Risk, vol. II, Case Studies. European Science and Technology Observatory, Sevilla, Report EUR 19056/EN/2, European Commission Joint Research Centre.
    • (2000) On Science and Precaution in the Management of Technological Risk , vol.2
    • Stirling, A.1
  • 136
    • 0022796681 scopus 로고
    • Geometric and topological thinking in organic chemistry
    • N.J. Turro Geometric and topological thinking in organic chemistry Angew Chemistry, International Edition English 25 2 1986 882 901
    • (1986) Angew Chemistry, International Edition English , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 882-901
    • Turro, N.J.1
  • 138
    • 0001073135 scopus 로고
    • The use of knowledge in society
    • F. von Hayek The use of knowledge in society American Economic Review 35 2 1945 519 530
    • (1945) American Economic Review , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 519-530
    • Von Hayek, F.1
  • 140
    • 10844286071 scopus 로고
    • Uncertainty and environmental learning
    • B. Wynne Uncertainty and environmental learning Global Environmental Change 2 6 1992 111 127
    • (1992) Global Environmental Change , vol.2 , Issue.6 , pp. 111-127
    • Wynne, B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.