Subject to empire: Married women and the British nationality and status of aliens act

Journal of British Studies

Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 522-556

  Baldwin, M Page ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CIVIL RIGHTS; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; ECONOMICS; EDUCATION; ETHNIC GROUP; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; FEMINISM; GENDER IDENTITY; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; HISTORY; HUMAN; LAW; LEGAL ASPECT; MALE; MARRIAGE; MIGRATION; POLITICAL SYSTEM; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SOCIAL CHANGE; UNITED KINGDOM; WOMEN'S RIGHTS;

CIVIL RIGHTS; COLONIALISM; CULTURAL EVOLUTION; CULTURE; EMIGRANTS AND IMMIGRANTS; ETHNIC GROUPS; FEMINISM; GENDER IDENTITY; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; GREAT BRITAIN; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; LEGISLATION AS TOPIC; MARRIAGE; MEN; SOCIAL CHANGE; WOMEN; WOMEN'S RIGHTS;

EID: 19644373505     PISSN: 00219371     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/386266     Document Type: Review

References (173)

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5. see Candice Lewis Bredbenner, A Nationality of Her Own: Women, Marriage and the Law of Citizenship (Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1998)
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33. Minutes of the Proceedings of the Imperial Conference, 1911, vol. 54, Cd. 5745 (1911), p. 270.
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48. British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act, 1918, 8 & 9 Geo. V, c. 38, s. 2(5).
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50. National Council of Women, Nationality of Married Women pamphlet, n.d., Fawcett Library, London Guildhall University (hereinafter FL/LGU), UDC Collection. 34Pugh, Women and the Women's Movement, p. 69
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66. David Feldman, Englishmen and Jews: Social Relations and Political Culture, 1840-1914 (New Haven, Conn., 1994), pp. 375-77.
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69. For the large-scale internship and repatriation of enemy aliens, sometimes including their British-born wives, see Panikos Panayi, Enemies in Our Midst: Germans in Britain during the First World War (New York and Oxford, 1991), pp. 75-97.
70. Dummett and Nicol, Subjects, Citizens, Aliens and Others, pp. 107-8.
71. Treaty of Peace between Allied and Associated Powers and Germany, vol. 53, Cmd. 153 (1919), sec. 4, art. 297(b).
72. See also "The Report of the Select Committee on the Nationality of Married Women," p. 144
73. John Westlake, A Treatise on International Law: With Principal Reference to Its Practice in England, ed. Norman Bentwhich (London, 1925), p. 376.
74. Proceedings of Special Nationality Conference, 31 July 1918, Public Record Office (PRO), Home Office (HO) 45/11902/365303/3.
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83. British Nationality (Married Women) Bill, Public Bills, vol. 1 (1922).
84. Law, Suffrage and Power, pp. 99-100.
85. "The Report of the Select Committee on the Nationality of Married Women," pp. xv-xvi.
86. Bredbenner, A Nationality of Her Own, pp. 90-98.
87. "The Report of the Select Committee on the Nationality of Married Women," p. 96.
88. Fernando Henriquez, Children of Caliban: Miscegenation (London, 1974), p. 150
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99. Imperial Conference, 1923, Summary of Proceedings, vol. 12, pt. 1, Cmd. 1987 (1923), p. 22.
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101. British Commonwealth League Report of 1925 Conference, FL/LGU, p. 12
102. National Council of Woman, Annual Report, 1925, FL/LGU.
103. Minute on Commonwealth debates, 21 July 1926, PRO, HO 45/12243/323341/175.
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105. Memorandum on Nationality of Women, Six Point Group, 1930, FL/LGU, UDC Collection.
106. Imperial Conference, 1926, Appendices to the Summary of the Proceedings, vol. 11, Cmd. 2769 (1926), pp. 245-46.
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108. Jill Pellew, The Home Office, 1848-1914: From Clerks to Bureaucrats (London, 1982), pp. 87-88
109. Hugo Young, "The Department of Civil Liberties?" The Home Office: Perspectives on Policy and Administration-Bicentenary Lectures, 1982 (London, 1983), p. 86.
110. John Wheeler-Bennett, John Anderson, Viscount Waverley (London, 1962), pp. 84-85.
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115. Carol Miller, " 'Geneva-the Key to Equality': Interwar Feminism and the League of Nations," Women's Historical Review 3 (Summer 1994): 239.
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118. Memorandum to Home Secretary, 6 August 1929, PRO, HO 45/15145/523629/30.
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120. International Convention on Certain Questions Relating to the Conflict of Nationality Laws (April 1930), vol. 28, Cmd. 4347 (1932-33).
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122. Chrystal Macmillan, Nationality of Married Women, NMWPBC, 1932, FL/LGU, UDC Collection.
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128. Notes on 1929 and 1930 nationality discussions, 2 March 1934, PRO, HO 45/15644/427425/46.
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132. See R. T. E. Latham, "The Law and Commonwealth," in W. K. Hancock, Survey of British Commonwealth Affairs, 1918-1936 (London, 1937), 1:520.
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134. T. R. H. Davenport, South Africa: A Modern History (London, 1987), pp. 287-90.
135. Notes on 1929 and 1930 discussions, 2 March 1934, PRO, HO 45/15644/427425/46
136. Parry, Nationality and Citizenship Laws, p. 452.
137. Notes on meeting between Home and Dominions Offices, 14 April 1932, PRO, HO 45/15710/513043/44.
138. Cabinet memorandum on Nationality of Married Women, [CP13(31)], January 1931, PRO, HO 45/15146/523629/131.
139. Cabinet Memorandum by Foreign Secretary, [CP53(31)J, 17 February 1931
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141. Deputation to Foreign Secretary by Women MPs, 19 March 1931, PRO, HO 45/15146/523629/143.
142. Memorandum to Dominions, July 1931, PRO, HO 45/15146/523629/156; notes, 3 September 1931, PRO, HO 45/15146/523629/165.
143. Interdepartmental Memorandum, 23 December 1931, PRO, HO 45/15147/523629/181A.
144. Cabinet Memorandum on the Nationality of Married Women, [CP162(32)], May 1932, PRO, HO 45/15148/523629/194.
145. Cabinet Memorandum on the Nationality of Married Women, [CP394 (32)], 15 November 1932, PRO, HO 45/15148/523629/227.
146. Dodd of Foreign Office to Markbreiter, 20 January 1933, PRO, HO 45/15148/523629/242.
147. Pugh, Women and the Women's Movement, p. 50
148. Daily Telegraph, 20 and 30 June 1933
149. Daily Express, 22 June 1933
150. Morning Post, 22 June 33
151. see also Evening News, 20 June 1933
152. Daily Herald, 21, 22 June 1933.
153. PA 1933, Lords, 5th ser., vol. 88, cols. 521-22.
154. Brian Harrison, Prudent Revolutionaries: Portraits of British Feminists between the Wars (Oxford, 1987), p. 80.
155. PD, 1933, Commons, 5th ser., vol. 281, cols. 386-91.
156. Brian Harrison, "Women in a Men's House: The Women MPs, 1919-45," Historical Journal 29 (September 1986): 643.
157. PD, 1933, Commons, 5th ser., vol. 281, cols. 355, 358, 409, 416.
158. Six Point Group, Annual Report, 1933-34, FL/LGU, Box 525, SPG/B1-5.
159. International Women's News, 28, no. 8 (May 1934).
160. Rupp, Worlds of Women, pp. 146-49.
161. News Chronicle, 28 November 1939.
162. Jones, British Nationality Law, pp. 246, 258
163. Parry, Nationality and Citizenship, pp. 532, 611, 669.
164. Paul, " 'British Subjects' and 'British Stock,'" p. 242.
165. Hansen, "The Politics of Citizenship in 1940s Britain," pp. 72-73, 76-77.
166. Dummett and Nicol, Subjects, Citizens, Aliens and Others, pp. 134-37
167. Nationality of Married Women Memorandum by the South African delegation, [PMM(46)28], Meeting of Prime Ministers, 17 May 1946, PRO, DO 35/1386. Further research is needed to determine how this change of mind came about.
168. Draft Cabinet Memorandum by the Home Secretary and Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs, n.d., PRO, DO 35/1387; PD, 1945-46, Commons, 5th series, vol. 426, col. 1208-12.
169. Telegram from New Zealand government, 12 September 1946, PRO, DO 35/1387
170. Parry, Nationality and Citizenship, p. 661.
171. Parry, Nationality and Citizenship, pp. 547, 589.
172. Thane, "British Imperial State," p. 42.
173. PD, 1947-48, Commons, 5th ser., vol. 453, cols. 496-97.