Plant recruitment in the High Arctic: Seed bank and seedling emergence on Svalbard

Journal of Vegetation Science

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 115-124

  Cooper, Elisabeth J ^a   Alsos, Inger G ^b   Hagen, Dagmar ^c   Smith, Fiona M ^d   Coulson, Stephen J ^e   Hodkinson, Ian D ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY CENTRE IN SVALBARD   (Norway)

^b University Museum of Tromsø   (Norway)

^c NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Norway)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TROMSØ   (Norway)

^e LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Colonization; Disturbance; Dryas octopetala; Reproduction; Safe site; Species diversity; Species richness

Indexed keywords

ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; RECRUITMENT; SEED BANK; SEEDLING EMERGENCE;

ARCTIC; SVALBARD; SVALBARD AND JAN MAYEN;

AVES; DRYAS OCTOPETALA; TRACHEOPHYTA;

EID: 1942476882     PISSN: 11009233     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2004.tb02244.x     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Alsos, I.G., Spjelkavik, S. & Engelskjøn, T. 2003. Seed bank size and compositions of Betula nana, Vaccinium uliginosum and Campanula rotundifolia habitats in Svalbard and northern Norway. Can. J. Bot. 81: 220-231.
2. Archibold, O. 1984. A comparison of seed reserves in arctic, subarctic, and alpine soils. Can. Field Nat. 98: 337-344.
3. Bell, K.L. & Bliss, L.C. 1980. Plant reproduction in a high arctic environment. Arct. Alp. Res. 12: 1-10.
4. Bliss, L.C. & Gold, W.G. 1999. Vascular plant reproduction, establishment, and growth and the effect of cryptogamic crusts within a polar desert ecosystem, Devon Island, N.W.T., Canada. Can. J. Bot. 77: 623-636.
5. Brattbakk, I. 1984. Adventdalen, Svalbard. Vegetasjonskart 1:50 000. Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, University of Trondheim, Trondheim, NO.
6. Brochmann, C. & Steen, S.W. 1999. Sex and genes in the flora of Svalbard - implications for conservation biology and climate change. Nor. Vidensk.-Akad. I. Mat.Naturvit. Kl. Skr. Ny Ser. 38: 33-72.
7. Cooper, E.J. & Wookey, P.A. 2003. Floral herbivory of Dryas octopetala by Svalbard reindeer. Arct. Alp. Antarct. Res. 35: 369-376.
8. Coulson, S.J., Hodkinson, I.D., Strathdee, A.T., Bale, J.S., Block, W., Worland, M.R. & Webb, N.R. 1993. Simulated climate change: the interaction between vegetation type and microhabitat temperatures at Ny A°lesund, Svalbard. Polar Biology 13: 67-70.
9. Densmore, R. & Zasada, J. 1983. Seed dispersal and dormancy patterns in northern willows: ecological and evolutionary significance. Can. J. Bot. 61: 3207-3216.
10. Ebersole, J. 1989. Role of seed bank in providing colonizers on a tundra disturbance in Alaska. Can. J. Bot. 67: 466-477.
11. Elmqvist, T. & Cox, P.A. 1996. The evolution of vivipary in flowering plants. Oikos 77: 3-9.
12. Elven, R. & Elvebakk, A. 1996. Part 1. Vascular plants. In: Elvebakk, A. & Prestrud, P. (eds.). A catalogue of Svalbard plants, fungi, algae and cyanobacteria, pp. 9-55. Norwegian Polar Institute, Oslo, NO.
13. Eurola, S. 1972. Germination of seeds collected in Spitsbergen. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 9: 149-159.
14. Forbes, B.C., Ebersole, J.J. & Strandberg, B. 2001. Anthropogenic disturbance and patch dynamics in circumpolar Arctic ecosystems. Conserv. Biol. 15: 954-969.
15. Fox, J.F. 1983. Germinable seed banks of interior Alaskan tundra. Arct. Alp. Res. 15: 405-411.
16. Freedman, B., Hill, N., Svoboda, J. & Henry, G. 1981. Seed banks and seedling occurrence in a high arctic oasis at Alexandra Fjord, Ellesmere Island, Canada. Can. J. Bot. 60: 2112-2118.
17. Hagen, D. 2002. Propagation of native Arctic and alpine species with a restoration potential. Polar Res. 21: 37-47.
18. Hodkinson, I.D., Coulson, S.J. & Webb, N.R. 2003. Community assembly on proglacial chronosequences in the high Arctic: vegetation and soil development in north west Svalbard. J. Ecol. 91: 651-653.
19. Jumpponen, A., Väre, H., Mattson, K.G., Ohtonen, R. & Trappe, J.M. 1999. Characterization of 'safe sites' for pioneers in primary succession on recently deglaciated terrain. J. Ecol. 87: 98-105.
20. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland, 2nd. ed. Timber Press, Portland, OR, US.
21. Larsson, E.-L. & Lévesque, E. In press. Germinable seed banks across the Canadian Arctic. Can. J. Bot.
22. Leck, M.A. 1980. Germination in Barrow, Alaska, tundra soil cores. Arct. Alp. Res. 12: 343-349.
23. Lévesque, E. & Svoboda, J. 1995. Germinable seed bank from polar desert stands, Central Ellesmere Island, Canada. In: Callaghan, T.V., Molau, U. & Holten, J. (eds.) Global change and Arctic terrestrial ecosystems. European Commission, Ecosystems Research Report 10, pp. 98-107. Brussels, BE.
24. Lid, J. & Lid, D.T. 1994. Norsk flora. Det Norske Samlaget, Oslo, NO.
25. Matthews, J.A. 1992. The ecology of recently deglaciated terrain. A geophysical approach to glacier forelands and primary succession. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
26. McGraw, J.B. & Vavrek, M.C. 1989. The role of buried viable seeds in arctic and alpine plant communities. In: Leek, M.A., Parker, V.T. & Simpson, R.L. (eds.) Ecology of seed banks, pp. 91-105. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, US.
27. McGraw, J.B., Vavrek, M.C. & Bennington, C.C. 1991. Ecological genetic variation in seed banks. 1. establishment of a time transect. J. Ecol. 79: 617-625.
28. Molau, U. & Larsson, E.-L. 2000. Seed rain and seed bank along an alpine altitudinal gradient in Swedish Lapland. Can. J. Bot. 78: 728-747.
29. Nilsen, L. 1997. Vegetation of calcareous habitats on Svalbard. New approach in vegetation mapping of the Ny-A°lesund area and studying of exclusive ridge communities in Sassendalen. PhD Thesis. University of Tromsø, Tromsø, NO.
30. Rønning, O.I. 1965. Studies in Dryadion of Svalbard. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 134. Norwegian Polar Institute, Oslo.
31. Ryvarden, L. 1971. Studies in seed dispersal I. Trapping of diaspores in the alpine zone at Finse, Norway. Norw. J. Bot. 22: 21-24.
32. Schuetz, W. 2000. Ecology of seed dormancy and germination in sedges (Carex). Persp. Plant Ecol Evol. Syst. 3: 67-89.
33. Stöcklin, J. & Bäumler, E. 1996. Seed rain, seedling establishment and clonal growth strategies on a glacier foreland. J. Veg. Sci. 7: 45-56.
34. Thompson, K., Bakker, J.P. & Bekker, R.M. 1997. The soil seed banks of North West Europe: methodology, density and longevity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
35. Vechov, N.V. & Kuliev, A.N. 1996. Obzorflory archipelaga Novaja Zemlja: [Survey of the flora of the archipelago of Novaja Zemlja]. Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage, Fund of Polar Research, Moscow, RU.
36. Wookey, P.A., Robinson, C.H., Parsons, A.N., Welker, J.M., Press, M.C., Callaghan, T.V. & Lee, J.A. 1995. Environmental constraints on the growth, photosynthesis and reproductive development of Dryas octopetala at a high Arctic polar semi-desert, Svalbard. Oecologia 102: 478-489.