The solubility of platinum and gold in NaCl brines at 1.5 kbar, 600 to 800°C: A laser ablation ICP-MS pilot study of synthetic fluid inclusions

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

Volumn 69, Issue 10, 2005, Pages 2593-2611

  Hanley, Jacob J ^a   Pettke, Thomas ^b   Mungall, James E ^a   Spooner, Edward T C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRINE; FLUID INCLUSION; GOLD; HYDROTHERMAL FLUID; ORE-FORMING FLUID; PLATINUM; SOLUBILITY;

EID: 19044396661     PISSN: 00167037     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2004.11.005     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. G.M. Anderson and D.A. Crerar Thermodynamics in Geochemistry-The Equilibrium Model 1993 Oxford University Press New York
2. 2O activity in concentrated NaCl solutions at high temperatures and pressures measured by the brucite periclase equilibria Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 125 1996 200-212
3. S.M. Archibald A.A. Migdisov and A.E. Williams-Jones The stability of Au-chloride complexes in water vapor at elevated temperatures and pressures Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65 2001 4413-4423
4. C.F. Baes Jr. and R.E. Mesmer The Hydrolysis of Cations 1986 Kreiger Florida
5. C.G. Ballhaus Potholes of the Merensky Reef at Brakspruit Shaft, Rustenburg platinum mines; primary disturbances in the magmatic stratigraphy Econ. Geol. 83 1988 1140-1158
6. C.G. Ballhaus and E.F. Stumpfl Sulphide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: Evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 94 1986 193-204
7. C.G. Ballhaus C.G. Ryan T.P. Mernagh and D.H. Green The partitioning of Fe, Ni, Cu, Pt, and Au between sulphide, metal and fluid phases: A pilot study Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58 1994 811-826
8. S.J. Barnes and A.J. Naldrett Geochemistry of the J-M (Howland) Reef of the Stillwater Complex, Minneapolis Adit area; I, Sulfide chemistry and sulfide-olivine equilibrium Econ. Geol. 80 1985 627-645
9. P. Beattie On the occurrence of apparent non-Henry's Law behavior in experimental partitioning studies Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57 1993 47-55
10. R.J. Bodnar and S.M. Sterner Synthetic fluid inclusions In G.C. Ulmer and H.L. Barnes eds. Hydrothermal Experimental Techniques 1987 Wiley New York 423-457
11. A. Borisov and H. Palme Experimental determination of the solubility of platinum in silicate melts Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61 1997 4349-4357
12. A.E. Boudreau Fluid fluxing of cumulates: The J-M Reef and associated rocks of Stillwater Complex, Montana J. Petrol. 40 1999 755-772
13. A.E. Boudreau E.A. Mathez and I.S. McCallum Halogen geochemistry of the Stillwater and Bushveld Complexes: Evidence for transport of the platinum-group elements by Cl-rich fluids J. Petrol. 27 1986 967-986
14. A.E. Boudreau and I.S. McCallum Investigations of the Stillwater Complex: III. The Picket Pin Pt/Pd Deposit Econ. Geol. 81 1986 1953-1975
15. A.E. Boudreau and W.P. Meurer Chromatographic separation of the platinum-group elements, base metals, gold and sulfur during degassing of a compacting and solidifying igneous crystal pile Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 134 1999 174-185
16. A.E. Boudreau and I.S. McCallum Concentration of platinum-group elements by magmatic fluids in layered intrusions Econ. Geol. 87 1992 1830-1848
17. S.L. Brantley and D. Voigt Fluids in metamorphic rocks; effects of fluid chemistry on quartz microcrack healing. In Water-rock inter.: Proc. Int. Symp. Water-Rock Interact. 6 1989 113-116
18. H. Bureau and H. Keppler Complete miscibility between silicate melts and hydrous fluids in the upper mantle; experimental evidence and geochemical implications Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 165 1999 187-196
19. I.H. Campbell A.J. Naldrett and S.J. Barnes A model for the origin of theplatinum-rich sulfide horizons in the Bushveld and Stillwater Complexes J. Petrol. 24 1983 33-165
20. J.H. Campbell Elimination of platinum inclusions in phosphate laser glasses LLNL report 1989 UCRL-53932
21. M.R. Carroll and M.J. Rutherford The stability of igneous anhydrite: Experimental results and implications for sulfur behaviour during the 1982 El Chichon trachyandesite and other evolved magmas J. Petrol. 28 1987 781-801
22. I.C. Chou Oxygen buffer hydrogen sensor techniques at elevated pressures and temperatures In G.C. Ulmer and H.L. Barnes eds. Hydrothermal Experimental Techniques 1987 Wiley New York 61-99
23. C.E.G. Farrow Geology, alteration and the role of fluids in Cu-Ni-PGE mineralization of the footwall rocks to the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Levack and Morgan Townships, Sudbury District Ontario. Ph.D. thesis 1994 Carleton Univ
24. 2S content J. Sol. Chem. 29 2000 1143-1157
25. M.E. Fleet and T. Wu Volatile transport of platinum-group elements in sulphide-chloride assemblages at 1000°C Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57 1993 3519-3531
26. M.R. Frank P.A. Candela and P.M. Piccoli Alkali exchange equilibria between a silicate melt and coexisting magmatic volatile phase: An experimental study at 800°C and 100 MPa Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67 2003 1415-1427
27. M.R. Frank P.A. Candela P.M. Piccoli and M.D. Glascock Gold solubility, speciation and partitioning as a function of HCl in the brine-silicate melt -metallic gold system at 800°C and 100 MPa Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66 2002 3719-3732
28. 4 solutions at 300°C Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56 1992 3881-3894
29. C.H. Gammons Y. Yu and M.S. Bloom Experimental investigation of the hydrothermal geochemistry of platinum and palladium: III. The solubility of Ag-Pd alloy + AgCl in NaCl/HCl solutions at 300°C Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57 1993 2469-2479
30. C.H. Gammons and A.E. Williams-Jones The solubility of Au-Ag alloy + AgCl in HCl/NaCl solutions at 300°C: New data on the stability of Au(I) chloride complexes in hydrothermal fluids Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59 1995 3453-3468
31. F. Gibert M.-L. Pascal and M. Pichavant Gold solubility and speciation in hydrothermal solutions: Experimental study of the stability of a hydrosulphide complex of gold (AuHS°) at 350 to 450°C and 500 bars Geochim. 1996 Cosmochim. Acta 62 1998 2931-2947
32. W.F. Giggenbach Geothermal solute equilibria, derivation of Na-K-Mg-Ca geoindicators Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 52 1988 2749-2765
33. D. Gunther R. Frischknect and C.A. Heinrich Capabilities of a 193 nm ArF excimer laser for LA-ICP-MS microanalysis of geological materials J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 12 1997 939-944
34. C.A. Hauzenberger L.P. Baumgartner and T.M. Pak Experimental study on the solubility of the "model"-pelite mineral assemblage albite + K-feldspar + andalusite + quartz in supercritical chloride-rich aqueous solutions at 0.2 GPa and 600°C Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65 2001 4493-4507
35. 2 S-bearing aqueous solutions at 250-350°C Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55 1991 2111-2126
36. C.A. Heinrich T. Pettke and W.E. Halter Quantitative multi-element analysis of minerals, fluid and melt inclusions by laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67 2003 3473-3497
37. H.C. Helgeson and D.H. Kirkham Theoretical prediction of the thermodynamic behavior of aqueous electrolytes at high pressures and temperatures; II, Debye-Huckel parameters for activity coefficients and relative partial molal properties Am. J. Sci. 274 1974 1199-1261
38. J.W. Johnson E.H. Oelkers and H.C. Helgeson A software package for calculating the standard molal thermodynamic properties of minerals, gases, aqueous species as functions of temperature and pressure Comp. Geosci. 18 1992 899-947
39. H.P. Longerich S.E. Jackson and D. Gunther Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry transient signal data acquisition and analyte concentration calculation J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 11 1996 899-904
40. E. Makovicky Ternary and Quaternary Phase Systems with PGE In L.J. Cabri ed. The Geology, Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum-Group Elements 2002 Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum Montreal 131-175
41. E.A. Mathez V.J. Deitrich J.R. Holloway and A.E. Boudreau Carbon distribution in the Stillwater Complex and evolution of vapor during crystallization of Stillwater and Bushveld magmas J. Petrol. 30 1989 153-173
42. W.P. Meurer C.C. Willmore and A.E. Boudreau Metal redistribution during fluid exsolution and migration in the Middle Banded series of the Stillwater complex, Montana Lithos 47 1998 143-156
43. F. Molnar D.H. Watkinson and P.C. Jones Multiple hydrothermal processes in the footwall units of the North Range, Sudbury Igneous Complex, Canada and implications for the genesis of vein-type Cu-Ni-PGE deposits Econ. Geol. 96 2001 1645-1670
44. B. Mysen Water in peralkaline aluminosilicate melts to 2 GPa and 1400°C Eur.J. Min. 15 2003 781-802
45. E.H. Oelkers and H.C. Helgeson Calculation of dissociation constants and the relative stabilities of polynuclear clusters of 1:1 electrolytes in hydrothermal solutions at supercritical pressures and temperatures Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57 1993 2673-2697
46. E.H. Oelkers H.C. Helgeson E.L. Shock D.A. Sverjensky J.W. Johnson and V.A. Porkrovskii Summary of the apparent standard partial molal Gibbs free energies of formation of aqueous species, minerals and gases at pressures 1 to 5000 bars and temperatures 25 to 1000°C J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 24 1995 1401-1560
47. P. Pan and S.A. Wood Solubility of Pt and Pd sulfides and Au metal in aqueous bisulfide solutions; II, Results at 200°C to 350°C and saturated vapor pressure Mineral. Dep. 29 1994 373-390
48. T. Pettke C.A. Heinrich A.C. Ciocan and D. Gunther Quadrupole mass spectrometry and optical emission spectroscopy: Detection capabilities and representative sampling of short transient signals from laser-ablation J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 9 2004 1149-1155
49. 2O-HCl Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 44 1980 1029-1037
50. N.S. Rudashevsky S.N. Avdontsev and M.B. Dneprovskaya Evolution of PGE mineralization in hortonolitic dunites of the Mooihoek and Onverwacht Pipes, Bushveld Complex Mineral. Petrol. 47 1992 37-54
51. M. Sato and M. Valenza Oxygen fugacity of the layered series of the Skaergaard Intrusion, East Greenland Amer. J. Sci. 280A 1980 134-158
52. C.M. Schiffries The petrogenesis of a platiniferous dunite pipe in the Bushveld complex; infiltration metasomatism by a chloride solution Econ. Geol. 77 1982 1439-1453
53. T.M. Seward Thio complexes of gold and the transport of gold in hydrothermal ore solutions Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 51 1973 121-130
54. D.M. Shenberger and H.L. Barnes Solubility of gold in aqueous sulfide solutions from 150 to 350°C Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53 1989 269-278
55. D.M. Sherman and M.D. Collings Ion association in concentrated NaCl brines from ambient to supercritical conditions; results from classical molecular dynamics simulations Geochem. Trans. 3 2002 102-107
56. 2O at 600°C and 400 to 2000 bars Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58 1994 4857-4866
57. 2O; V, Thermodynamic-PTX analysis of solid-liquid equilibria at high temperature and pressure Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56 1992 2295-2309
58. D.A. Sverjensky J.J. Hemley and W.M. D'Angelo Thermodynamic assessment of hydrothermal alkali feldspar-mica-aluminosilicate equilibria Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55 1991 989-1004
59. T.J. Williams P.A. Candela and P.M. Piccoli Hydrogen-alkali exchange between silicate melts and two-phase aqueous mixtures; an experimental investigation Contrib. Min. Petrol. 128 1997 114-126
60. S.A. Wood P. Pan Y. Zhang and A. Mucci The solubility of Pt and Pd sulfides and Au in bisulfide solutions; I, Results at 25°-90°C and 1 bar pressure Min. Depos. 29 1994 309-317
61. S.A. Wood The Aqueous Geochemistry of the Platinum-Group Elements with Applications to Ore Deposits In L.J. Cabri ed. The Geology, Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum-Group Elements 2002 Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum Montreal 211-249
62. S.A. Wood B.W. Mountain and P. Pan The aqueous geochemistry of platinum, palladium and gold: Recent experimental constraints and a re-evaluation of theoretical predictions Can. Min. 30 1992 955-982
63. Y. Xiong and S.A. Wood Experimental quantification of hydrothermal solubility of platinum-group elements with special reference to porphyry copper environments Mineral. Petrol. 68 2000 1-28