Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of combat anticholinesterase poisoning

British Medical Bulletin

Volumn 72, Issue , 2004, Pages 119-133

  Weinbroum, Avi A ^a,b  

^a TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b TEL AVIV SOURASKY MEDICAL CENTER   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ATROPINE; CHLORPYRIFOS; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; DIAZEPAM; DIMPYLATE; DONEPEZIL; DYFLOS; EDROPHONIUM; MALAOXON; MIDAZOLAM; NEOSTIGMINE; OXIME; PARAOXON; PARATHION; PHYSOSTIGMINE; PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE; PYRIDOSTIGMINE; RIVASTIGMINE; SARIN; SCOPOLAMINE; SEDATIVE AGENT; SOMAN; TABUN;

ASYSTOLE; BIOCHEMISTRY; BRADYCARDIA; CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMA; CONFUSION; CONSCIOUSNESS DISORDER; DEATH; DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH ROUTE; DIZZINESS; DROWSINESS; DRUG INDICATION; DRUG MECHANISM; FEVER; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INTOXICATION; PARALYSIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECEPTOR UPREGULATION; RESPIRATORY FAILURE; REVIEW; SEIZURE; SIDE EFFECT; SOMNOLENCE; TACHYCARDIA; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT; XEROSTOMIA;

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ANTICONVULSANTS; ANTIDOTES; ATROPINE; CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; MILITARY PERSONNEL; MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS; OXIMES;

EID: 19044364788     PISSN: 00071420     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldh038     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. Dunn MA, Sidell FR (1989) Progress in medical defence against nerve agents. JAMA, 262, 649-52.
2. Sidell FR (1974) Soman and sarin: clinical manifestations and treatment of accidental poisoning by organophosphates. Clin Toxicol, 7, 1-17.
3. O'Neill JJ (1981) Non-cholinesterase effects of anticholinesterases. Fundam Appl Toxicol, 1, 154-60.
4. Holstege CP, Kirk M, Sidell FR (1997) Chemical warfare. Crit Care Clin, 13, 923-41.
5. Anonymous (2002) Chemical casualties. Nerve agents. J R Army Med Corps, 148, 344-57.
6. Milby TH (1971) Prevention and management of organophosphate poisoning. JAMA, 216, 2131-3.
7. Goldfrank L, Flomenbaum N, Lewin N, Weisman R, Howland MA, Kaul B (1982) Anticholinergic poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol, 19, 17-25.
8. Albuquerque EX, Akaike A, Shaw KP, Rickett DL (1984) The interaction of anticholinesterase agents with acetylcholine receptor-ionic channel complex. Fundam Appl Toxicol, 4, S27-33.
9. Namba T, Nolte CT, Jackrel J, Grob D (1971) Poisoning due to organophosphate insecticides. Acute and chronic manifestations. Am J Med, 50, 475-92.
10. DeSilva HJ, Sanmuganathan PS, Senanayake N (1994) Isolated bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: a delayed complication of organophosphorous poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol, 13, 171-3.
11. Zwiener RJ, Ginsburg CM (1988) Organophosphate and carbamate poisoning in infants and children. Pediatrics, 81, 121-6.
12. Senanayake N, de Suva HJ, Karalliedde L (1993) A scale to assess severity in organophosphorus intoxication: POP scale. Hum Exp Toxicol, 12, 297-9.
13. Nozaki H, Hori S, Shinozawa Y, et al. (1997)Relationship between pupil size and achetylcholinesterase activity in patients exposed to sarin vapour. Intensive Care Med, 23, 1005-7.
14. Bradley RN (2000) Health care facility preparation for weapons of mass destruction. Prehosp Emerg Care, 4, 261-9
15. Anonymous (1995) Decontamination. In Medical Management of Chemical Casualties Handbook (2nd edn). U. S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defence (Ed.) Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, 127-44.
16. Weinbroum AA, Rudick V, Paret G, Kluger Y, Ben Abraham R (2000) Anaesthesia and critical care considerations in nerve agent warfare trauma casualties. Resuscitation, 47, 113-23.
17. Flaishon R, Sotman A, Eriedman A, Ben-Abraham R, Rudick V, Weinbroum AA (2004) Laryngeal mask airway insertion by anesthetists and nonanesthetists wearing unconventional protective gear: a prospective, randomized, crossover study in humans. Anesthesiology, 100, 267-73.
18. Luria S (2002) Medical treatment of organoposphate casualties. In Bar Meir E, Friedman L (eds) The White Book. Tel Aviv: Sarel, 66-7.
19. Worek F, Szinicz L (1993) Atropine and oxime treatment in lethal soman poisoning of anaesthetized guinea-pigs: HI 7 dimethanesulfide versus HI 6 dichloride. Pharmacol Toxicol, 72, 13-21.
20. Grob D, Harvey JC (1958) Effects in man of the anticholinesterase compound sarin. J Clin Invest, 37, 350-68.
21. Rolfsjord LB, Fjaerli HO, Meidel N, Stromme JH, Kowalczyk M, Jacobsen D (1998) Severe organophosphate demeton-S-methyl poisoning in a two year old child. Vet Hum Toxicol, 40, 222-4.
22. Sharabi Y, Danon YL, Berkenstadt H, et al. (1991) Survey of symptoms following intake of pyridostigmine during the Persian Gulf War. Isr J Med Sci, 27, 656-8.
23. Gordon JJ, Leadbeater L, Maidment MP (1978) The protection of animals against organophosphate poisoning by pretreatment with a carbamate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 43, 207-16.
24. Von Bredow JD, Adams NL, Groff WA, Vick JA (1991) Effectiveness of oral pyridostigmine and cholinolytic-oxime therapy against soman intoxication in nonhuman primates. Fundam Appl Toxicol, 17, 761-70.
25. Koster R (1946) Synergisms and antagonisms between physiostigmine and diisopropylfluoridate in cats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 88, 39-46.
26. Gall D (1981) The use of therapeutic mixtures in the treatment of cholinesterase inhibition. Fundam Appl Toxicol, 1, 214-16.
27. Keeler JR (1990) Interactions between nerve agent pretreatment and drugs commonly used in combat anesthesia. Mil Med, 155, 527-33.