Eastern equine encephalitis in a free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

Volumn 41, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 241-245

  Tate, Cynthia M ^a   Howerth, Elizabeth W ^a   Stallknecht, David E ^a   Allison, Andrew B ^a   Fischer, John R ^a   Mead, Daniel G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Antibodies; Eastern equine encephalitis; Eastern equine encephalitis virus; Immunohistochemistry; Neurologic disease; White tailed deer

Indexed keywords

CERVIDAE; EASTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS; EQUIDAE; ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS;

EID: 18444405540     PISSN: 00903558     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-41.1.241     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Bigler, W. J., E. Lassing, E. Buff, A. L. Lewis, and G. L. Hoff. 1975. Arbovirus surveillance in Florida: Wild vertebrate studies 1965-1974. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 11: 348-356.
2. Chamberlain, R. W., W. D. Sudia, P. H. Coleman, J. G. Johnston, Jr., and T. H. Work. 1969. Arbovirus isolations from mosquitoes collected in Waycross, Georgia, 1963, during an outbreak of equine encephalitis. American Journal of Epidemiology 89: 82-88.
3. Crans, W. J. 1962. Bloodmeal preference studies with New Jersey mosquitoes. Proceedings of the New Jersey Mosquito Exterminators Association 49: 120-126.
4. Crans, W. J., and T. L. Schulze. 1986. Evidence incriminating Coquillettidia perturbans (Diptera: Culicidae) as an epizootic vector of eastern equine encephalitis. Isolation of EEE virus from C. perturbans during an epizootic among horses in New Jersey. Bulletin of the Society of Vector Ecology 11: 178-184.
5. Cupp, E. W., K. Klingler, H. K. Hassan L. M. Viguers, and T. R. Unnasch. 2003. Transmission of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in central Alabama. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 68: 495-500.
6. Del Piero, F., P. A. Wilkins, E. J. Dubovi, B. Biolatti, and C. Cantille. 2001. Clinical, pathologic, immunohistochemical and virologic findings of eastern equine encephalomyelitis in two horses. Veterinary Pathology 38: 451-456.
7. Elvinger, F., C. A. Baldwin, A. D. Ligett, K. N. Tang, and D. E. Stallknecht. 1996. Prevalence of exposure to eastern equine encephalitis virus in domestic and feral swine in Georgia. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 8: 481-484.
8. Gottdenker, N. L., E. W. Howerth, and D. G. Mead. 2003. Natural infection of a great egret (Casmerodius albus) with eastern equine encephalitis virus. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 29: 702-706.
9. Forrester, D. J. 1992. White-tailed deer. In Parasites and disease of wild mammals in Florida, D. J. Forrester (ed.). University Press of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 275-353.
10. Hoff, G. L., C. J. Issel, D. O. Trainer, and S. H. Richards. 1973. Arbovirus serology in North Dakota mule and white-tailed deer. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 9: 291-295.
11. Howerth, E. W., D. E. Stallknecht, and P. D. Kirkland. 2001. Bluetongue, epizootic hemorrhagic disease, and other orbivirus-related diseases. In Infectious diseases of wild mammals, 3rd Edition. E. S. Williams and I. K. Barker (eds.). Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, pp. 77-97.
12. Huang, C., B. Slater, W. Campbell, J. Howard, and D. White. 2001. Detection of arboviral RNA directly from mosquito homogenates by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Virological Methods 94: 121-128.
13. Johnson, G. C., W. H. Fales, C. W. Maddox, and J. A. Ramos-Vara. 1995. Evaluation of laboratory tests for confirming the diagnosis of encephalitic listeriosis in ruminants. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 7: 223-228.
14. Komar, N., D. J. Dohm, M. J. Turrell, and A. Spielman. 1999. Eastern equine encephalitis in birds: Relative competence of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 60: 387-391.
15. Morris, C. D. 1988. Eastern equine encephalitis. In The arboviruses: Epidemiology and ecology, Vol. 3, P. T. Monath (ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 1-20.
16. Moussa, M. A., D. J. Gould, M. P. Nolan Jr., and D. E. Hayes. 1966. Observations on Culiseta melanura (Coquillet) in relation to encephalitis in southern Maryland. Mosquito News 26: 385-393.
17. Peters, C. J., and J. M. Dalrymple. 1990. Alphaviruses. In Fields virology, Vol. 1, 2nd Edition, B. N. Fields, and D. M. Knipe (eds.). Raven Press, New York, New York, pp. 713-751.
18. Pursell, A. J., J. C. Peckham, J. R. Cole Jr., W. C. Stewart, and F. E. Mitchell. 1972. Naturally occurring and artificially induced eastern encephalomyelitis in pigs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 161: 1143-1147.
19. Quist, C. F., E. W. Howerth, D. E. Stallknecht, J. Brown, T. Pisell, and V. F. Nettles. 1997. Host defense responses associated with experimental hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 33: 584-599.
20. Spraker, T. R., R. R. Zink, B. A. Cummings, M. A. Wild M. W. Miller and K. I. O'Rourke. 2002. Comparison of histological lesions and immunohistochemical staining of proteinase-resistant prion protein in a naturally occurring spongiform encephalopathy of free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) with those of chronic wasting disease of captive mule deer. Veterinary Pathology 39: 110-119.
21. Trainer, D. O., and R. P. Hanson. 1969. Serologic evidence of arbovirus infections in wild ruminants. American Journal of Epidemiology 90: 354-358.
22. Velleca, W. M., and F. T. Forrester. 1981. Laboratory methods for detecting rabies. Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, 159 pp.
23. Whitney, E. 1973. Serologic evidence of group A and B arthropod-borne virus activity in New York State. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 12: 417-424.
24. Whitney, E., A. P. Roz, G. A. Rayner, and R. Diebel. 1969. Serologic survey for arbovirus activity in deer sera from nine counties in New York State. Bulletin of the Wildlife Disease Association 5: 392-397.