The immunohistochemical diagnosis of mesothelioma: A comparative study of epithelioid mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

Volumn 27, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 1031-1051

  Ordóñez, Nelson G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MD ANDERSON CANCER CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Adenocarcinoma; B72.3; Ber EP4; BG 8; CA19 9; Calretinin; Carcinoembryonic antigen; CD15; CD44S; Cytokeratin 5 6; E cadherin; Epithelial membrane antigen; HBME 1; Immunohistochemistry; Lung; Mesothelin; Mesothelioma; N cadherin; Pleura; Thrombomodulin; Vimentin; WT1

Indexed keywords

CA 19-9 ANTIGEN; CALRETININ; CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN; CD15 ANTIGEN; CYTOKERATIN; CYTOKERATIN 5; CYTOKERATIN 6; EPITHELIAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN; MESOTHELIN; NERVE CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; PROTEIN BER EP4; PROTEIN BG 8; PROTEIN CD44S; PROTEIN HBME 1; PROTEIN MOC31; PROTEIN TAG 72; THROMBOMODULIN; THYROID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1; TUMOR MARKER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UVOMORULIN; VIMENTIN; WT1 PROTEIN;

CANCER CYTODIAGNOSIS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; EPITHELIOID CELL; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LABORATORY TEST; LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA; MESOTHELIOMA; PLEURA; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STAINING;

ADENOCARCINOMA; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; EPITHELIOID CELLS; HUMANS; IMMUNOENZYME TECHNIQUES; LUNG NEOPLASMS; MESOTHELIOMA; NEOPLASM PROTEINS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 18144433544     PISSN: 01475185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00000478-200308000-00001     Document Type: Review

References (130)

1. Abutaily AS, Addis BJ, Roche WR. Immunohistochemistry in the distinction between malignant mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma: a critical evaluation of new antibodies. J Clin Pathol 2002;55:662-8.
2. Afify AM, Stern R, Jobes GA, et al. Differential expression of CD44S and hyaluronic acid in malignant mesotheliomas, adenocarcinomas, and reactive mesothelial hyperplasias. Appl Immunohistochem 1998;6:11-5.
3. Amin KM, Litzky LA, Smythe WR, et al. Wilms' tumor 1 susceptibility (WT1) gene products are selectively expressed in malignant mesothelioma. Am J Pathol 1995;146:344-56.
4. Argani P, Iacobuzio-Donahue C, Ryu B, et al. Mesothelin is overexpressed in the vast majority of ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas: identification of a new pancreatic cancer marker by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). Clin Cancer Res 2001;7:3862-8.
5. Ascoli V, Scalzo CC, Taccogna S, et al. The diagnostic value of thrombomodulin immunolocalization in serous effusions. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1995;119:1136-40.
6. Attanoos RL, Goddard H, Gibbs AR. Mesothelioma-binding antibodies: thrombomodulin, OV 632 and HBME-1 and their use in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Histopathology 1996;29:209-15.
7. Attanoos RL, Goddard H, Thomas ND, et al. A comparative immunohistochemical study of malignant mesothelioma and renal cell carcinoma: the diagnostic utility of Leu-M1, Ber EP4, Tamm-Horsfall protein and thrombomodulin. Histopathology 1995;27:361-6.
8. Attanoos RL, Webb R, Dojcinov SD, et al. Malignant epithelioid mesothelioma: anti-mesothelial marker expression correlates with histological pattern. Histopathology 2001;39:584-8.
9. Attanoos RL, Webb R, Dojcinov SD, et al. Value of mesothelial and epithelial antibodies in distinguishing diffuse peritoneal mesothelioma in females from serous papillary carcinoma of the ovary and peritoneum. Histopathology 2002;40:237-44.
10. Attanoos RL, Webb R, Gibbs AR. CD44H expression in reactive mesothelium, pleural mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Histopathology 1997;30:260-3.
11. Bailey ME, Brown RW, Mody DR, et al. Ber-EP4 for differentiating adenocarcinoma from reactive and neoplastic mesothelial cells in serous effusions: comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen, B72.3 and Leu-M1. Acta Cytol 1996;40:1212-6.
12. Barberis MCP, Faleri M, Veronese S, et al. Calretinin: a selective marker of normal and neoplastic mesothelial cells in serous effusions. Acta Cytol 1997;41:1757-61.
13. Bateman AC, Al-Talib RK, Newman T, et al. Immunohistochemical phenotype of malignant mesothelioma: predictive value of CA125 and HBME-1 expression. Histopathology 1997;30:49-56.
14. Battifora H. Diffuse malignant mesothelioma. In: Battifora H, McCaughey WTE, eds. Atlas of Tumor Pathology: Tumors of the Serosal Membranes, 3rd series, fascicle 15. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Istitute of Pathology, 1995:71.
15. Battifora H, Kopinski MI. Distinction of mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma: an immunohistochemical approach. Cancer 1985;55:1679-85.
16. Blobel GA, Moll R, Franke WW, et al. The intermediate filament cytoskeleton of malignant mesotheliomas and its diagnostic significance. Am J Pathol 1985;121:235-47.
17. Brockstedt U, Gulyas M, Dobra K, et al. An optimized battery of eight antibodies that can distinguish most cases of epithelial mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2000;114:203-9.
18. Brown RW, Clark GM, Tandon AK, et al. Multiple-marker immunohistochemical phenotypes distinguishing malignant pleural mesothelioma from pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 1993;24:347-54.
19. Carella R, Deleonardi G, D'Errico A, et al. Immunohistochemical panels for differentiating epithelial malignant mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma: a study with logistic regression analysis. Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:43-50.
20. Chang K, Pai LH, Batra JK, et al. Characterization of the antigen (CAK 1) recognized by monoclonal antibody K1 present on ovarian cancers and normal mesothelium. Cancer Res 1992;52:181-6.
21. Chang K, Pai LH, Pass H, et al. Monoclonal antibody K1 reacts with epithelial mesothelioma but not with lung adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1992;16:259-68.
22. Chang K, Pastan I. Molecular cloning of mesothelin, a differentiation antigen present on mesothelium, mesotheliomas, and ovarian cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996;93:136-40.
23. Chang K, Pastan I, Willingham MC. Frequent expression of the tumor antigen CAK1 in squamous-cell carcinomas. Int J Cancer 1992;51:548-54.
24. Chang K, Pastan I, Willingham MC. Isolation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody, K1, reactive with ovarian cancers and normal mesothelium. Int J Cancer 1992;50:373-81.
25. Chenard-Neu MP, Bellocq JP, Maier A, et al. Mésothéliomes malins de la plévre: analyse de leurs aspects immunohistochemiques. Ann Pathol 1990;10:20-7.
26. Chenard-Neu MP, Kabou A, Mechine A, et al. L'immunohistochimie dans le diagnostic différentiel entre mésothéliome et adénocarcinome: évaluation de 5 nouveaux anticorps et réévaluation de 6 anticorps traditionnels. Ann Pathol 1998;18:460-5.
27. Chhieng DC, Yee H, Schaefer D, et al. Calretinin staining pattern aids in the differentiation of mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma in serous effusions. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2000;90:194-200.
28. Chu PG, Weiss LM. Expression of cytokeratin 5/6 in epithelial neoplasms: an immunohistochemical study of 509 cases. Mod Pathol 2002;15:6-10.
29. Churg A. Immunohistochemical staining for vimentin and keratin in malignant mesothelioma. Am J Surg Pathol 1985;9:360-5.
30. Clover J, Oates J, Edwards C. Anti-cytokeratin 5/6: a positive marker for epithelioid mesothelioma. Histopathology 1997;31:140-3.
31. Collins CL, Ordóñez NG, Schaefer R, et al. Thrombomodulin expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Am J Pathol 1992;141:827-33.
32. Comin CE, Novelli L, Boddi V, et al. Calretinin, thrombomodulin, CEA, and CD 15: a useful combination of immunohistochemical markers for differentiating pleural epithelial mesothelioma from peripheral pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 2001;32:529-36.
33. Corson JM, Pinkus GS. Mesothelioma: profile of keratin proteins and carcinoembryonic antigen: an immunoperoxidase study of 20 cases and comparison with pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Am J Pathol 1982;108:80-7.
34. Cury PM, Butcher DN, Fisher C, et al. Value of the mesotheliumassociated antibodies thrombomodulin, cytokeratin 5/6, calretinin, and CD44H in distinguishing epithelioid pleural mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma metastatic to the pleura. Mod Pathol 2000;13:107-12.
35. Davidson B, Nielsen S, Christensen J, et al. The role of desmin and N-cadherin in effusion cytology: a comparative study using established markers of mesothelial and epithelial cells. Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:1405-12.
36. Dejmek A, Hjerpe A. Carcinoembryonic antigen-like reactivity in malignant mesothelioma: a comparison between different commercially available antibodies. Cancer 1994;73:464-9.
37. Dejmek A, Hjerpe A. Immunohistochemical reactivity in mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma: a stepwise logistic regression analysis. APMIS 1994;102:255-64.
38. Dejmek A, Hjerpe A. Reactivity of six antibodies in effusions of mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma and mesotheliosis: stepwise logistic regression analysis. Cytopathology 2000;11:8-17.
39. Delahaye M, Hoogsteden HC, van der Kwast TH. Immunocytochemistry of malignant mesothelioma: OV632 as a marker of malignant mesothelioma. J Pathol 1991;165:137-43.
40. Delahaye M, van der Ham F, van der Kwast TH. Complementary value of five carcinoma markers for the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma metastasis, and reactive mesothelium in serous effusions. Diagn Cytopathol 1997;17:115-20.
41. De Leij L, Broers J, Ramaekers F, et al. Monoclonal antibodies in clinical and experimental pathology of lung cancer. In: Ruiter DJ, Fleuren GJ, Warnaar SO, eds. Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in Tumor Pathology. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987:191-210.
42. Dewar A, Valente M, Ring NP, et al. Pleural mesothelioma of epithelial type and pulmonary adenocarcinoma: an ultrastructural and cytochemical comparison. J Pathol 1987;152:309-16.
43. Doglioni C, Dei Tos AP, Laurino L, et al. Calretinin: a novel immunocytochemical marker for mesothelioma. Am J Surg Pathol 1996;20:1037-46.
44. Donna A, Betta P-G, Chiodera P, et al. Newly marketed tissue markers for malignant mesothelioma: immunoreactivity of rabbit AMAD-2 antiserum compared with monoclonal antibody HBME-1 and a review of the literature on so-called antimesothelioma antibodies. Hum Pathol 1997;28:929-37.
45. Edwards C, Oates J. OV 632 and MOC 31 in the diagnosis of mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma: an assessment of their use in formalin-fixed and paraffin wax embedded material. J Clin Pathol 1995;48:626-30.
46. Fetsch PA, Abati A, Hijazi YM. Utility of the antibodies CA 19-9, HBME-1, and thrombomodulin in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma in cytology. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 1998;84:101-8.
47. Filie AC, Abati A, Fetsch P, et al. Hyaluronate binding probe and CD44 in the differential diagnosis of malignant effusions: disappointing results in cytology material [Letter]. Diagn Cytopathol 1998;18:473-4.
48. Foster MR, Johnson JE, Olson SJ, et al. Immunohistochemical analysis of nuclear versus cytoplasmic staining of WT1 in malignant mesotheliomas and primary pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001;125:1316-20.
49. Gaffey MJ, Mills SE, Swanson PE, et al. Immunoreactivity for BER-EP4 in adenocarcinomas, adenomatoid tumors, and malignant mesotheliomas. Am J Surg Pathol 1992;16:593-9.
50. Garcia-Prats MD, Ballestin C, Sotelo T, et al. A comparative evaluation of immunohistochemical markers for the differential diagnosis of malignant pleural tumours. Histopathology 1998;32:462-72.
51. Gibbs AR, Harach R, Wagner JC, et al. Comparison of tumour markers in malignant mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Thorax 1985;40:91-5.
52. González-Lois C, Ballentín C, Sotelo MT, et al. Combined use of novel epithelial (MOC-31) and mesothelial (HBME-1) immunohistochemical markers for optimal first line diagnostic distinction between mesothelioma and metastatic carcinoma in pleura. Histopathology 2001;38:528-34.
53. Gotzos V, Vogt P, Celio MR. The calcium binding protein calretinin is a selective marker for malignant pleural mesotheliomas of the epithelial type. Pathol Res Pract 1996;192:137-47.
54. Grove A, Paulsen SM, Gregersen M. The value of immunohistochemistry of pleural biopsy specimens in the differential diagnosis between malignant mesothelioma and metastatic carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 1994;190:1044-55.
55. Han AC, Filstein MR, Hunt JV, et al. N-cadherin distinguishes pleural mesotheliomas from lung adenocarcinomas: a ThinPrep immunocytochemical study. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 1999;87:83-6.
56. Han AC, Peralta-Soler A, Knudsen KA, et al. Differential expression of N-cadherin in pleural mesotheliomas and E-cadherin in lung adenocarcinomas in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Hum Pathol 1997;28:641-5.
57. Holden J, Churg A. Immunohistochemical staining for keratin and carcinoembryonic antigen in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Am J Surg Pathol 1984;8:277-9.
58. Jasani B, Edwards RE, Thomas ND, et al. The use of vimentin antibodies in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Virchows Arch [Pathol Anat] 1985;406;441-8.
59. x and Lewisy, in the diagnostic discrimination of malignant mesothelioma versus adenocarcinoma. Am J Pathol 1989;135:931-7.
60. Kaufmann O, Fietze E, Mengs J, et al. Value of p63 and cytokeratin 5/6 as immunohistochemical markers for the differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated and undifferentiated carcinomas. Am J Clin Pathol 2001;116:823-30.
61. Kennedy AD, King G, Kerr KM. HBME-1 and antithrombomodulin in the differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma of pleura. J Clin Pathol 1997;50:859-62.
62. Kitazume H, Kitamura K, Mukai K, et al. Cytologic differential diagnosis among reactive mesothelial cells, malignant mesothelioma, and adenocarcinoma: utility of combined E-cadherin and calretinin immunostaining. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2000;90:55-60.
63. Khoor A, Whitsett JA, Stahlman MT, et al. Utility of surfactant protein B precursor and thyroid transcription factor 1 in differentiating adenocarcinoma of the lung from malignant mesothelioma. Hum Pathol 1999;30:695-700.
64. Kortsik CS, Werner P, Freudenberg N, et al. Immunocytochemical characterization of malignant mesothelioma and carcinoma metastatic to the pleura: IOB3 - a new tumor marker. Lung 1995;173:79-87.
65. Kuenen-Boumeester V, van Loenen P, de Bruijn EMCA, et al. Quality control of immunocytochemical staining of effusions using a standardized method of cell processing. Acta Cytol 1996;40:475-9.
66. Kuhlmann L, Berghäuser K-H, Schäffer R. Distinction of mesothelioma from carcinoma in pleural effusions: an immunocytochemical study on routinely processed cytoblock preparations. Pathol Res Pract 1991;187:467-71.
67. Kumar-Singh S, Segers K, Rodeck U, et al. WT1 mutation in malignant mesothelioma and WT1 immunoreactivity in relation to p53 and growth factor receptor expression, cell-type transition, and prognosis. J Pathol 1997;181:67-74.
68. Kwee WS, Veldhuizen RW, Golding RP, et al. Histologic distinction between malignant mesothelioma, benign pleural lesion and carcinoma metastasis: evaluation of the application of morphometry combined with histochemistry and immunostaining. Virchows Arch (Pathol Anat) 1982;397:287-99.
69. Lafebvre MP, Rodriguez F, Schlom J, et al. The application of a monoclonal antibody to the differentiation of benign and malignant mesothelial proliferations from adenocarcinomas [Abstract]. Lab Invest 1985;52:38.
70. Laskin WB, Miettinen M. Epithelial-type and neural-type cadherin expression in malignant noncarcinomatous neoplasms with epithelioid features that involve the soft tissues. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002;126:425-31.
71. Latza U, Niedobitek G, Schwarting R, et al. Ber-EP4: new monoclonal antibody which distinguishes epithelia from mesothelia. J Clin Pathol 1990;43:213-9.
72. Leers MPG, Aarts MMJ, Theunissen PHMH. E-cadherin and calretinin: a useful combination of immunochemical markers for differentiation between mesothelioma and metastatic adenocarcinoma. Histopathology 1998;32:209-16.
73. Leong AS-Y, Parkinson R, Milios J. 'Thick' cell membranes revealed by immunocytochemical staining: a clue to the diagnosis of mesothelioma. Diagn Cytopathol 1990;6:9-13.
74. Maguire B, Whitaker D, Carrello S, et al. Monoclonal antibody Ber-EP4: its use in the differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma and carcinoma in cell blocks of malignant effusions and FNA specimens. Diagn Cytopathol 1994;10:130-4.
75. McCaughey WT, Colby TV, Battifora H, et al. Diagnosis of diffuse malignant mesothelioma: experience of a US/Canadian Mesothelioma Panel. Mod Pathol 1991;4:342-53.
76. Miettinen M, Kovatich AJ. HBME-1: a monoclonal antibody useful in the differential diagnosis of mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma, and soft tissue and bone tumors. Appl Immunohistochem 1995;3:115-22.
77. Miettinen M, Limon J, Niezabitowski A, et al. Calretinin and other mesothelioma markers in synovial sarcoma: analysis of antigenic similarities and differences with malignant mesothelioma. Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:610-7.
78. Moch H, Oberholzer H, Dalquen N, et al. Diagnostic tools for differentiating between pleural mesothelioma and lung adenocarcionoma in paraffin embedded tissue: I. Immunohistochemical findings. Virchows Arch Pathol A Pathol Anat 1993;423:19-27.
79. Moll R, Dhouailly D, Sun T-T. Expression of keratin 5 as a distinctive feature of epithelial and biphasic mesotheliomas: an immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibody AE14. Virchows Arch Pathol [B] 1989;58:129-45.
80. Morgan RL, De Young BR, McGaughy VR, et al. MOC-31 aids in the differentiation between adenocarcinoma and reactive mesothelial cells. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 1999;87:390-4.
81. Mullink H, Henzan-Logmans SC, Alons-van Kordelaar JJM, et al. Simultaneous immunoenzyme staining of vimentin and cytokeratins with monoclonal antibodies as an aid in the differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma from pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Virchows Arch [Cell Pathol] 1986;52:55-65.
82. Nance KV, Silverman JF. Immunocytochemical panel for the identification of malignant cells in serous effusions. Am J Clin Pathol 1991;95:867-74.
83. Oates J, Edwards C. HBME-1, MOC-31, WT1 and calretinin: as assessment of recently described markers for mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma. Histopathology 2000;36:341-7.
84. O'Hara CJ, Corson JM, Pinkus GS, et al. ME1. A monoclonal antibody that distinguishes epithelial-type malignant mesothelioma from pulmonary adenocarcinoma and extrapulmonary malignancies. Am J Pathol 1990;136:421-8.
85. Ordóñez NG. Immunohistochemical diagnosis of epithelioid mesothelioma: a critical review of old markers, new markers. Hum Pathol 2002;33:953-67.
86. Ordóñez NG. The immunohistochemical diagnosis of epithelial mesothelioma. Hum Pathol 1999;30:313-23.
87. Ordóñez NG. The immunohistochemical diagnosis of mesothelioma: differentiation of mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1989;13:276-91.
88. Ordóñez NG. In search of a positive immunohistochemical marker for mesothelioma: an update. Adv Anat Pathol 1998;5:53-60.
89. Ordóñez NG. Role of immunohistochemistry in differentiating epithelial mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma: review and update. Am J Clin Pathol 1999;112:75-89.
90. Ordóñez NG. Role of immunohistochemistry in distinguishing epithelial peritoneal mesotheliomas from peritoneal and ovarian serous carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol 1998;22:1203-14.
91. Ordóñez NG. Thyroid transcription factor-1 is a marker of lung and thyroid carcinomas. Adv Anat Pathol 2000;7:123-7.
92. Ordóñez NG. Value of antibodies 44-3A6, SM3, HBME-1 and thrombomodulin in differentiating epithelial pleural mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma: a comparative study with other commonly used antibodies. Am J Surg Pathol 1997;21:1399-408.
93. Ordóñez NG. Value of the Ber-EP4 antibody in differentiating epithelial pleural mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma: the M.D. Anderson experience and a critical review of the literature. Am J Clin Pathol 1998;109:85-9.
94. Ordóñez NG. Value of calretinin immunostaining in differentiating epithelial mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma. Mod Pathol 1998;11:929-33.
95. Ordóñez NG. Value of cytokeratin 5/6 immunostaining in distinguishing epithelial mesothelioma of the pleura from lung adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1998;22:1215-21.
96. Ordóñez NG. Value of the MOC-31 monoclonal antibody in differentiating epithelial pleural mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 1998;29:166-9.
97. Ordóñez NG. Value of thrombomodulin immunostaining in the diagnosis of mesothelioma. Histopathology 1997;31:25-30.
98. Ordóñez NG. Value of thyroid transcription factor-1, E-cadherin, BG8, WT1, and CD44S immunostaining in distinguishing epithelial pleural mesothelioma from pulmonary and nonpulmonary adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2000;24:598-606.
99. Ordóñez NG, Freedman RS, Herlyn M. Lewis and related tumor-associated determinants on ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 1987;26:1-10.
100. Ordóñez NG, Mackay B. The roles of immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy in distinguishing epithelial mesothelioma of the pleura from adenocarcinoma. Adv Anat Pathol 1996;3:273-93.
101. Oshio G, Yamaki K, Imamura T, et al. Distribution of the carbohydrate antigens, DU-PAN-2 and CA19-9, in tumors of the lung. Tumori 1995;81:67-73.
102. Otis CN, Carter D, Cole S, et al. Immunohistochemical evaluation of pleural mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma: a biinstitutional study of 47 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1987;11:445-56.
103. Peralta-Soler A, Knudsen KA, Jaurand MC, et al. The differential expression of N-cadherin and E-cadherin distinguishes pleural mesotheliomas from lung adenocarcinomas. Hum Pathol 1995;26:1363-9.
104. Pfaltz M, Odermatt B, Christen B, et al. Immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Virchows Arch (Pathol Anat) 1987;411:387-93.
105. Renshaw AA, Pinkus GS, Corson JM. HBME-1 aids in distinguishing mesotheliomas and adenocarcinomas of the lung and breast [Abstract]. Mod Pathol 1995;8:152.
106. Riera JR, Astengo-Osuna C, Longmate JA, et al. The immunohistochemical diagnositc panel for epithelial mesothelioma: a reevaluation after heat-induced epitope retrieval. Am J Surg Pathol 1997;21:1409-19.
107. Roberts F, Harper CM, Downie I, et al. Immunohistochemical analysis still has a limited role in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma: a study of thirteen antibodies. Am J Clin Pathol 2001;116:253-62.
108. Ruitenbeek T, Gouw ASH, Poppema S. Immunocytology of body cavity fluids: MOC-31, a monoclonal antibody discriminating between mesothelial and epithelial cells. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1994;118:265-9.
109. Savera AT, Raju U, Linden MD. Mesothelioma vs adenocarcinoma: diagnostic utility of HBME-1 [Abstract]. Lab Invest 1996;74:162.
110. Sheibani K, Battifora H, Burke JS. Antigenic phenotype of malignant mesotheliomas and pulmonary adenocarcinomas: an immunohistologic analysis demonstrating the value of Leu M1 antigen. Am J Pathol 1986;123:212-9.
111. Sheibani K, Battifora H, Burke JS, et al. Leu-M1 antigen in human neoplasms: an immunohistologic study of 400 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1986;10:227-36.
112. Sheibani K, Shin SS, Kezirian J, et al. Ber-EP4 antibody as a discriminant in the differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma versus adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1991;15:779-84.
113. Shield PW, Callan JJ, Devine PL. Markers for metastatic adenocarcinoma in serous effusion specimens. Diagn Cytopathol 1994;11:237-45.
114. Simsir A, Fetsch P, Abati A. Calretinin immunostaining in benign and malignant pleural effusions. Diagn Cytopathol 2001;24:149-52.
115. Simsir A, Fetsch P, Mehta D, et al. E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and calretinin in pleural effusions: the good, the bad, the worthless. Diagn Cytopathol 1999;20:125-30.
116. Skov BG, Lauritzen AF, Hirsch FR, et al. Differentiation of adenocarcinoma of the lung and malignant mesothelioma: predictive value and reproducibility of immunoreactive antibodies. Histopathology 1994;25:431-7.
117. Sosolik RC, McGaughy VR, De Young BR. Anti-MOC-31: a potential addition to the pulmonary adenocarcinoma versus mesothelioma immunohistochemistry panel. Mod Pathol 1997;10:716-9.
118. Szpak CA, Johnston WW, Roggli V, et al. The diagnostic distinction between malignant mesothelioma of the pleura and adenocarcinoma of the lung as defined by a monoclonal antibody (B72.3). Am J Pathol 1986;122:252-60.
119. Thirkettle I, Harvey P, Hasleton PS, et al. Immunoreactivity for cadherins, HGF/SF, met, and erb-2 in pleural malignant mesotheliomas. Histopathology 2000;36:522-8.
120. Tickman RJ, Cohen C, Varma VA, et al. Distinction between carcinoma cells and mesothelial cells in serous effusions: usefulness of immunohistochemistry. Acta Cytol 1990;34:491-6.
121. Tot T. The value of cytokeratins 20 and 7 in discriminating metastatic adenocarcinomas from pleural mesotheliomas. Cancer 2001;92:2727-32.
122. Travis WD, Colby TV, Corrin B, et al. World Health Organization International Histological Classification of Tumors: Histologic Typing of Lung and Pleural Tumors. Berlin: Springer, 1999.
123. Wang NS, Huang SN, Gold P. Absence of carcinoembryonic antigen-like material in mesothelioma: an immunohistochemical differentiation from other lung cancers. Cancer 1979;44:937-43.
124. Warnock ML, Stoloff A, Thor A. Differentiation of adenocarcinoma of the lung from mesothelioma: periodic acid-Schiff, monoclonal antibodies B72.3, and Leu M1. Am J Pathol 1988;133:30-8.
125. Whitaker D, Sterrett GF, Shilkin KB. Detection of tissue CEA-like substance as an aid in the differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Pathology 1982;14:255-8.
126. Wick MR, Loy T, Mills SE, et al. Malignant epithelioid pleural mesothelioma versus peripheral pulmonary adenocarcinoma: a histochemical, ultrastructural, and immunohistologic study of 103 cases. Hum Pathol 1990;21:759-66.
127. Wieczorek TJ, Krane JF. Diagnostic utility of calretinin immunohistochemistry in cytologic cell block preparations. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2000;90:312-9.
128. Wilson JD, Merino MJ, Harris C, et al. Mesothelioma vs adenocarcinoma: does immunohistochemistry help? Lab Invest 1997;76:174A.
129. Wirth PR, Legier J, Wright GL Jr. Immunohistochemical evaluation of seven monoclonal antibodies for differentiation of pleural mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer 1991;67:655-62.
130. Yatabe Y, Mitsudomi T, Takahashi T. TTF-1 Expression in pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:767-73.