Determination of the fractal dimension of microbial flocs from the change in their size distribution after breakage

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 39, Issue 8, 2005, Pages 2731-2735

  Li, Xiao Yan ^a   Leung, Ruby P C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGGREGATES; BIOREACTORS; FRACTALS; PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS; SEWAGE SLUDGE; WASTEWATER TREATMENT;

FLOCKS; FRACTAL DIMENSIONS;

MICROBIOLOGY;

ACTIVATED SLUDGE; BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT; FLOC; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; WASTEWATER TREATMENT;

ACTIVATED SLUDGE; AEROBIC REACTOR; ANAEROBIC REACTOR; ARTICLE; CALCULATION; FRACTAL ANALYSIS; PARTICLE SIZE; RELIABILITY; SAMPLE; SHEAR STRESS; SLUDGE DIGESTION; SLUDGE DISPOSAL; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT;

BIOREACTORS; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FLOCCULATION; PARTICLE SIZE; SEWAGE; TIME FACTORS; WASTE DISPOSAL, FLUID; WATER MICROBIOLOGY;

EID: 17644409448     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es049177+     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Meakin, P. Fractal aggregates. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 1988, 28, 249-331.
2. Li, D.H.; Ganczarczyk, J. J. Fractal geometry of particle aggregates generated in water and wastewater treatment process. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 1385-1389.
3. Jiang, Q.; Logan, B. E. Fractal dimensions of aggregates determined from steady-state size distributions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1991, 25, 2031-2038.
4. Lin, M. Y.; Lindsay, H. M.; Weitz, D. A.; Ball, R. C.; Klein, R.; Meakin, P. Universality in colloid aggregation. Nature 1989, 333, 360-362.
5. Logan, B. E.; Wilkinson D. B. Fractal dimensions and porosities of Zoogloea ramigera and Saccharomyces cerevisae aggregates. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 1991, 38, 389-396.
6. Zahid, W. M.; Ganczarczyk, J. J. A technique for a characterization of RBC biofilm surface. Water Res. 1994, 28, 2229-2231.
7. Logan, B. E. Environmental Transport Processes; Wiley: New York, 1999; pp 466-499.
8. Li, X. Y.; Yuan, Y.; Wang, H. W. The hydrodynamics of biological aggregates of different sludge ages: an insight into the mass transport mechanisms of bioaggregates. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, 292-299.
9. Chellam, S.; Wiesner, M. R. Fluid mechanics and fractal aggregates. Water Res. 1993, 27, 1493-1496.
10. O'Melia, C. R.; Tiller, C. L. In Environmental Particles Vol. 2, van Leeuwen, H. P., Buffle, J., Eds; IUPAC Environmental Analytical and Physical Chemistry Series; Lewis Publisher: Chelsea, MI, 1993; pp 353-386.
11. Gregory, J. The density of particle aggregates. Water Sci. Technol. 1997, 36 (4), 1-13.
12. Li, X. Y.; Logan, B. E. Permeability of fractal aggregates. Water Res. 2001, 35, 3373-3380.
13. Veerapaneni, S.; Wiesner, M. R. Hydrodynamics of fractal aggregates with radially varying permeability. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 177, 45-57.
14. Jackson, G. A.; Burd, A. B. Aggregation in the Marine Environment. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32, 2805-2814.
15. Serra, T.; Logan, B. E. Collision frequencies of fractal bacterial aggregates with small particles in a sheared fluid. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999, 33, 2247-2251.
16. Zhang, J. J.; Li, X. Y. Modeling particle size distribution dynamics in a flocculation system. AIChE J. 2003, 49, 1870-1882.
17. Jiang, Q.; Logan, B. E. Fractal dimensions of aggregates from shear devices. J. AWWA 1996, 88 (2), 100-113.
18. Jackson, G. A.; Logan, B. E.; Alldredge A. L.; Dam, H. Combining particle size spectra from a mesocosm experiment measured using photographic and aperture impedance (Coulter and Elzone) techniques. Deep-Sea Res. II 1995, 42, 139-157.
19. Anderadakis, A. D. Physical and chemical properties of activated sludge floc. Water Res. 1993, 27, 1707-1714.
20. Chaignon, V.; Lartiges, B. S.; Samrani, A. El.; Mustin, C. Evolution of size distribution and transfer of mineral particles between flocs in activated sludges: an insight into floc exchange dynamics. Water Res. 2002, 36, 676-684.
21. Li, X. Y.; Logan, B. E. Size distribution and fractal properties of particles during a simulated phytoplankton bloom in a mesocosm. Deep-Sea Res. II 1995, 42, 125-138.
22. Treweek, P. G.; Morgan J. J. Size distributions of flocculated particles: application of electronic particle counters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1977, 11, 707-714.
23. Li, X. Y.; Yuan, Y. Settling velocities and permeabilities of microbial aggregates. Water Res. 2002, 36, 3110-3120.
24. Nmer, J.; Ganczarczyk, J. J. Settling properties of digested sludge particle aggregates. Water Res. 1993, 27, 1285-1294.
25. Lee, D. J.; Chen, G. W.; Liao, Y. C.; Hsieh, C. C. On the free-settling test for estimating activated sludge floc density. Water Res. 1996, 30, 541-550.
26. Wu, R. M.; Lee, D. J. Hydrodynamic drag force exerted on a moving floc and its implication to free-settling tests. Water Res. 1998, 32, 760-768.
27. Li, D. H.; Ganczarczyk, J. J. Structure of activated sludge flocs. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 1990, 35, 57-65.
28. Gorczyca, B.; Ganczarczyk, J. J. Fractal analysis of pore distributions in alum coagulation and activated sludge flocs. Water Quality Res. J. Canada 2001, 36, 687-700.
29. Hunt, J. R. Self-similar particle-size distributions during coagulation: theory and experimental verification. J. Fluid Mech. 1982, 122, 169-185.
30. Li, X. Y.; Logan, B. E. Collision frequencies of fractal aggregates with small particles by differential sedimentation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1997, 31, 1229-1236.
31. Logan, B. E.; Wilkinson D. B. Fractal geometry of marine snow and other biological aggregates. Limnol. Oceanogr. 1990, 35, 130-136.
32. Stumm, W.; Morgan, J. J. Aquatic Chemistry, 3rd ed.; Wiley: New York, 1996; pp 856-857.
33. Liao, B. Q.; Allen, D. G.; Droppo, I. G.; Leppard, G. G.; Liss, S. N. Surface properties of sludge and their role in bioflocculation and settleability. Water Res. 2001, 35, 339-350.
34. Bellouti, M.; Alves, M. M.; Novais, J. M.; Mota, M. Flocs versus granules: differentiation byfractal dimension. Water Res. 1997, 31, 1227-1231.