Adhesion and friction of polymer surfaces: The effect of chain ends

Macromolecules

Volumn 38, Issue 8, 2005, Pages 3491-3503

  Chen, Nianhuan ^a   Maeda, Nobuo ^a,b   Tirrell, Matthew ^a   Israelachvili, Jacob ^a  

^a University of California   (United States)

^b AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADHESION HYSTERESIS; POLARITY; POLY(VINYLBENZYL CHLORIDE) (PVBC); POLYMER SURFACES;

ACTIVATION ENERGY; ADHESION; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CROSSLINKING; FRICTION; GLASS TRANSITION; HYSTERESIS; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; SURFACES; VISCOELASTICITY;

POLYSTYRENES;

EID: 17444392090     PISSN: 00249297     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ma047733e     Document Type: Article

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28. 12 with high MW PS (240 000-2 000 000 Da) the number of chain ends were considered to be too low to allow one to detect effects arising from this difference and, indeed, no significant differences in the adhesion and friction forces were detected.
29. 12 The average MW of the PVBC 25 000 Da was actually 100 000 Da, and the MW of the PS 100 000 Da was actually 280 000 Da.
30. c (or pressure) below or above which stick-slip disappears, as seen in Figure 10.
31. When untreated surfaces are separated after prolonged contact the deformed edges slowly relax to the original flat shape. However, if the surfaces are cross-linked by UV radiation before the surfaces have regained their original shape, the deformed shape is preserved.
32. It is more common to quantify adhesion hysteresis in terms of the difference between the receding and advancing surface energies (γR - γA). Often, however, the advancing energies are not very different (and close to the thermodynamic values), as was round to be the case here (see Figure 7), so that by far the greatest effect is the change in the receding energy γR.
33. Three to five segments.
34. In contrast to the advancing or "coming-on" adhesion energy, which is less variable and usually close to the thermodynamic equilibrium value.
35. The relationship between the pull-off force and surface energy is surprisingly insensitive to the deformed shapes of the separating surfaces, being 25% different between highly deformable (but elastic) and totally rigid surfaces. This assumption may therefore be a reasonable one.
36. In contrast to the "apparent" or macroscopic area.
37. 4 increases, but there is also an additional purely load-dependent contribution.
38. Strictly, the two measurements should be performed at the same velocity, i.e., the time taken for a loading-unloading cycle should equal the sliding time to traverse the distance δ.