History of U.S. military contributions to the study of bacterial zoonoses

Military Medicine

Volumn 170, Issue 4 SUPPL., 2005, Pages 39-48

  Christopher, George W ^a   Agan, Brian K ^a   Cieslak, Theodore J ^b   Olson, Patrick E ^c  

^a WILFORD HALL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b BROOKE ARMY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c NAVAL MEDICAL CENTER SAN DIEGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINOGLYCOSIDE; ANTHRAX VACCINE; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZITHROMYCIN; AZTREONAM; BETA LACTAM; BRUCELLA VACCINE; CEPHALOSPORIN; CIPROFLOXACIN; DOXYCYCLINE; KETOLIDE; LIVE VACCINE; MACROLIDE; OFLOXACIN; PENICILLIN G; Q FEVER VACCINE; RIFAMPICIN;

ANTHRAX; BARTONELLOSIS; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; BRUCELLOSIS; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONFERENCE PAPER; HUMAN; LEPTOSPIROSIS; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MEDICAL SERVICE; MILITARY MEDICINE; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PLAGUE; Q FEVER; SIDE EFFECT; THREAT; TULAREMIA; UNITED STATES; ZOONOSIS;

EID: 17444372022     PISSN: 00264075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7205/MILMED.170.4S.39     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (98)

1. Wheelis M: Biological warfare at the 1346 Siege of Caffa. Emerg Infect Dis 2002; 8: 971-5.
2. Derbes VJ: DeMussis and the Great Plague of 1348: a forgotten episode of bacteriological warfare. JAMA 1966; 196: 59-62.
3. McEvedy C: The bubonic plague. Sci Am 1988; 258: 118-23.
4. Slack P: The black death past and present. II. Some historical problems. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1989; 83: 461-3.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Human plague: United States, 1993-1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994; 43: 242-6.
6. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices: Prevention of plague: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 1996; 45: 1-45.
7. Cavanaugh DC, Hunter DH, Ba NV, Dung TC: Ecology of plague in Vietnam. III. Sylvatic plague, Bandicota indica, a transitional species. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1968; 62: 456.
8. Meyer KF, Cavanaugh DC, Bartelloni PJ, Marshall JD: Plague immunization. I. Past and present trends. Infect Dis 1974; 129(Suppl): S13-8.
9. Fetherson JD, Perry RD: The pigmentation locus of Yersinia pestis KIM6+ is flanked by an insertion sequence and includes the structural genes for pesticin sensitivity and HMWP2. Mol Microbiol 1994; 13: 697-708.
10. Cavanaugh DC, Elisberg BL, Llewellyn CH, et al: Plague immunization. V. Indirect evidence for the efficacy of plague vaccine. J Infect Dis 1974; 129(Suppl): S37-40.
11. Marshall JD, Bartelloni PJ, Cavanaugh DC, Kadull PJ, Meyer KF: Plague immunization. II. Relation of adverse clinical reactions to multiple immunizations with killed vaccine. J Infect Dis 1974; 129(Suppl): S19-25.
12. Meyer KF, Smith G, Foster LE, Marshall JD, Cavanaugh DC: Plague immunization. IV. Clinical reactions and serologic response to inoculations of Haffkine and freeze-dried plague vaccine. J Infect Dis 1974; 129(Suppl): S30-6.
13. Ouy DV, Gibson FL, Dung TC, Cavanaugh DC: Ecology of plague in Vietnam: commensal rodents and their fleas. Milit Med 1967; 132: 896-903.
14. Reilly CG, Kates ED: The clinical spectrum of plague in Vietnam. Arch Intern Med 1970; 126: 990-4.
15. Butler T: Plague and Other Yersinia Infections. New York, NY, Plenum, 1991.
16. Cavanaugh DC: Specific effect of temperature upon transmission of the plague bacillus by the oriental rat flea Xenopsylla cheopis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1971; 20: 264-73.
17. Friedlander AM, Welkos SL, Worsham PL, et al: Relationship between virulence and immunity as revealed in recent studies of the F1 capsule of Yersinia pestis. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21(Suppl 2): S178-81.
18. Weeks S, Hill J, Friedlander A, Welkos S: Anti-V antigen protects macrophages from Yersinia pestis-induced cell death and promotes phagocytosis. Microb Pathog 2002; 32: 227-37.
19. Heath DG, Anderson GW, Mauro AM, et al: Protection against experimental bubonic and pneumonic plague by a recombinant capsular Fl-V antigen fusion protein vaccine. Vaccine 1998; 16: 1131-7.
20. Welkos S, Pitt MLM, Martinez M, Friedlander A, Vogel P, Tammariello R: Determination of the virulence of the pigmentation-deficient and pigmentation-/plasminogen activator-deficient strains of Yersinia pestis in non-human-primate and mouse models of pneumonic plague. Vaccine 2002; 20: 2206-14.
21. Byrne WR, Welkos SL, Pitt ML, et al: Antibiotic treatment of experimental pneumonic plague in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 675-81.
22. Benenson AS (editor): Control of Communicable Diseases Manual, Ed 15. Washington, DC, American Public Health Association, 1990.
23. Moe JB, Pedersen CE: The impact of rickettsial diseases on military operations. Milit Med 1980; 145: 780-5.
24. Sartin JS: Infectious diseases during the Civil War: the triumph of the "third army." Clin Infect Dis 1993; 16: 580-4.
25. Derrick EH: 'Q' fever, a new fever entity: clinical features, diagnosis and laboratory investigation. Med J Aust 1937; 2: 281-99.
26. Burnet FM, Freeman M: Experimental studies on the virus of 'Q' fever. Med J Aust 1937; 2: 299-305.
27. Robbins FC, Gauld RL Warner FB: Q fever in the Mediterranean area: report of its occurrence in Allied troops. II. Epidemiology. Am J Hyg 1946; 44: 23-50.
28. Dennig H: Q-fieber (Balkangrippe). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1947; 72: 369-71.
29. Feinstein M, Yesner R, Marks JL: Epidemics of Q fever among troops returning from Italy in spring of 1945: clinical aspects of epidemic at Camp Patrick Henry. VA. Am J Hyg 1946; 44: 72-87.
30. American Public Health Association: Q fever. In: Control of Communicable Diseases Manual, pp 407-11. Edited by Chin J, Ascher MS. Baltimore, MD, United Book Press, 2000.
31. Fellers FX: An outbreak of Q fever. US Armed Forces Med J 1952; 3: 287-95.
32. Delay PD, Lennette EH, DeOme KB: Q fever in California. J Immunol 1950; 65: 211-20.
33. Snodgrass PJ: Endemic Q fever in south Texas. US Armed Forces Med J 1956; 10: 1457-63.
34. Byrne WR: Q fever. In: Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare, pp 523-37. Edited by Sidell FR, Takafuji ET, Franz DR. Washington, DC, Borden Institute. Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, 1997.
35. Ferrante MA, Dolan MJ: Q fever meningoencephalitis in a soldier returning from the Persian Gulf War. Clin Infect Dis 1993; 16: 486-9.
36. Splino M, Beran J, Chlibek R: Q fever outbreak during the Czech Army deployment in Bosnia. Milit Med 2003; 168: 840-2.
37. Franz DR, Parrott CD, Takafuji ET: The U.S. biological warfare and biological defense programs. In: Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare, pp 425-36. Edited by Sidell FR, Takafuji ET, Franz DR. Washington, DC, Borden Institute, Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, 1997.
38. Regis E: The Biology of Doom. New York, NY, Henry Holt and Co., 1999.
39. Waag DM, England MJ, Pitt LM: Comparative efficacy of a Coxiella burnetii chloroform:methanol residue (CMR) vaccine and a licensed cellular vaccine (Q-Vax) in rodents challenged by aerosol. Vacccine 1997; 15: 1779-83.
40. Fries LF, Waag DM, Williams JC: Safety and immunogenicity in human volunteers of a chloroform-methanol residue vaccine for Q fever. Infect Immun 1993; 61: 1251-8.
41. Stanley JL, Smith H: Purification of factor I and recognition of a third factor of the anthrax toxin. J Gen Microbiol 1961; 26: 49-66.
42. Stanley JL, Smith H: The three factors of anthrax toxin: their immunogenicity and lack of demonstrable enzymic activity. J Gen Microbiol 1963; 31: 329-37.
43. Gill DM: Seven toxic peptides that cross cell membranes. In: Bacterial Toxins and Cell Membranes, pp 291-332. Edited by Jeljaszewicz J, Wadstrom T. New York, NY, Academic Press, 1978.
44. Ivins BE, Fellows PF, Pitt MLM, et al: Efficacy of a standard human anthrax vaccine against Bacillus anthracis spore challenge in rhesus monkeys. Salisbury Med Bull 1996; 87(Suppl): 125-8.
45. Pitt MLM, Ivins BE, Estep JE, Farchaus J, Friedlander AM: Comparison of the efficacy of purified protective antigen and MDPH to protect non-human primates from inhalation anthrax. Salisbury Med Bull 1996; 87(Suppl): 130.
46. Ivins BE, Pitt MLM, Fellows PF, et al: Comparative efficacy of experimental anthrax vaccine candidates against inhalation anthrax in rhesus macaques. Vaccine 1998; 16: 1141-8.
47. Friedlander AM, Welkos WL, Pitt MLM, et al: Postexposure prophylaxis against experimental inhalation anthrax. J Infect Dis 1993; 167: 1239-42.
48. Ivins BE, Welkos SL: Cloning and expression of the Bacillus anthracis protective antigen gene in Bacillus subtilis. Infect Immun 1986; 54: 537-42.
49. Bernard JP, Friedlander AM: Vaccination against anthrax with attenuated recombinant strains of Bacillus anthracis that produce protective antigen. Infect Immun 1999; 87: 562-7.
50. Ivins BE, Fellows P, Pitt L, et al: Experimental anthrax vaccines: efficacy of adjuvants combined with protective antigen against an aerosol Bacillus anthracis spore challenge in guinea pigs. Vaccine 1995; 13: 1779-84.
51. Welkos S, Little S, Friedlander A, Fritz D, Fellows P: The role of antibodies to Bacillus anthracis toxin components in inhibiting the early stages of infection by anthrax spores. Microbiology 2001; 147: 1677-85.
52. Pittman PR, Kim-Ahn G, Pifat DY, et al: Anthrax vaccine: immunogenicity and safety of a dose-reduction, route-change comparison study in humans. Vaccine 2002; 20: 1412-20.
53. Murphy LC, Alexander AD: Significance of the leptospiroses in military medicine. Milit Med 1957; 121: 1-10.
54. Daniels WB, Grennan HA: Pretibial fever: an obscure disease. JAMA 1943; 122: 361-5.
55. Gochenour WS, Smadel JE, Jackson EB, Evans LB, Yager RH: Leptospiral etiology of Fort Bragg fever. Public Health Rep 1952; 67: 811-3.
56. Gauld RL, Crouch WL, Kaminsky AL, Hullinghorst RL, Gochenour WS, Yager RH: Leptospiral meningitis: report of outbreak among American troops on Okinawa. JAMA 1952; 149: 228-31.
57. Berman SJ, Tsal CC, Holmes K, Fresh JW, Watten RH: Sporadic anicteric leptospirosis in South Vietnam: a study in 150 patients. Ann Intern Med 1973; 79: 167-73.
58. Berman SJ, Irving GS, Kundin WD, Gunning JJ, Watten RH: Epidemiology of the acute fevers of unknown origin in South Vietnam: effect of laboratory support upon clinical diagnosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1973; 22: 796-801.
59. Mackenzie RB, Reiley CG, Alexander AD, Bruckner EA, Diercks FH, Beye HK: An outbreak of leptospirosis among U.S. Army troops in the Canal Zone. I. Clinical and epidemiological observations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1966; 15: 57-63.
60. Gale NB, Alexander AD, Evans LB, Yager RH, Matheney RG: An outbreak of leptospirosis among U.S. Army troops in the Canal Zone. II. Isolation and characterization of the isolates. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1966; 15: 64-70.
61. Corwin A, Ryan A, Bloys W, Thomas R, Deniega B, Watts D: A waterborne outbreak of leptospirosis among United States military personnel in Okinawa, Japan. Int J Epidemiol 1990; 19: 743-8.
62. Katz AR, Sasaski DM, Mumm AH, Escamilla J, Middleton CR, Romero SE: Leptospirosis on Oahu: an outbreak among military personnel associated with recreational exposure. Milit Med 1997; 162: 101-4.
63. Takafuji ET, Kirkpatrick JW, Miller RN, et al: An efficacy trial of doxycycline chemoprophylaxis against leptospirosis. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 497-500.
64. McClain JB, Ballou WR, Harrison SM, Steinweg DL: Doxycycline therapy for leptospirosis. Ann Intern Med 1984; 100: 696-8.
65. Watt G, Tuazon ML, Santiago E, et al: Placebo-controlled trial of intravenous penicillin for severe and late leptospirosis. Lancet 1988; 1: 433-5.
66. Murray CK, Hospenthal DR: Broth microdilution susceptibility testing for Leptospira spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48: 1548-52.
67. Murray CK, Hospenthal DR: Determination of susceptibilities of 26 Leptospira sp. serovars to 24 antimicrobial agents by a broth microdilution technique. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48: 4002-5.
68. Murray CK, Ellis MW, Hospenthal DR: Susceptibility of Leptospira serovars to antimalarial agents. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2004; 71: 685-6
69. Slater LN, Welch DF, Hensel D, Coody DW: A newly recognized fastidious Gram-negative pathogen as a cause of fever and bacteremia. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1587-93.
70. Lucey D, Dolan MJ, Moss CW, et al: Relapsing illness due to Rochalimaea henselae in immunocompetent hosts: implication for therapy and new epidemiological associations. Clin Infect Dis 1992; 14: 683-8.
71. Dolan MJ, Wong MT, Regnery RL, et al: Syndrome of Rochalimaea henselae adenitis suggesting cat scratch disease. Ann Intern Med 1993; 118: 331-6.
72. English CK, Wear DJ, Margileth AM, Lissner CR, Walsh GP: Cat-scratch disease: isolation and culture of the bacterial agent. JAMA 1988; 259: 1347-52.
73. Regnery RL, Olson JG, Perkins BA, Bibb W: Serological response to Rochalimaea henselae antigen in suspected cat-scratch disease. Lancet 1992; 339: 1443-5.
74. Dolan MJ, Wong MT, Regnery RL, et al: Syndrome of Rochalimaea henselae adenitis suggesting cat scratch disease. Ann Intern Med 1993; 118: 331-6.
75. Wong MT, Thornton DC, Kennedy RC, Dolan MJ: A chemically defined liquid medium that supports primary isolation of Rochalimaea (Bartonella) henselae from blood and tissue specimens. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33: 742-4.
76. Demers DM, Bass JW, Vincent JM, et al: Cat-scratch disease in Hawaii: etiology and seroepldemiology. J Pediatr 1995; 127: 23-6.
77. Jameson P, Greene C, Regnery R, et al: Prevalence of Bartonella henslae antibodies in pet cats throughout regions of North America. J Infect Dis 1995; 172: 1145-9.
78. Wong MT, Dolan MJ, Lattuada CP, et al: Neuroretinitis, aseptic meningitis, and lymphadenitis associated with Bartonella (Rochalimaea) henselae infection in immunocompetent patients and patients infected with HIV type 1. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21: 352-60.
79. Reed JB, Scales DK, Wong MT, Lattuada CP, Dolan MJ, Schwab IR: Bartonella henselae neuroretinitis in cat scratch disease: diagnosis, management, and sequelae. Ophthalmology 1998; 105: 459-66.
80. Bass JW, Freitas BC, Freitas AD, et al: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of azithromycin for treatment of cat-scratch disease. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1998; 17: 447-52.
81. Dolan MJ: Cat scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2002, pp 161-3. Edited by Rakel RE, Bope ET. Philadelphia, PA, WB Saunders, 2002.
82. Rolain JM, Brouqi P, Koehler JE, Maguina C, Dolan MJ, Raoult D: Recommendations for treatment of human infections caused by Bartonella species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48: 1921-33.
83. Ender PT, Phares J, Gerson G, et al: Association of Bartonella species and Coxiella burnetii infection with coronary artery disease. J Infect Dis 2001; 183: 831-4.
84. Wallace MR, Persing DH, McCutchan JA, et al: HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center: Bartonella henselae serostatus is not correlated with neurocognitive decline in HIV infection. Scand J Infect Dis 2001; 33: 593-5.
85. Bass JW, Vincent JM, Person DA: The expanding spectrum of Bartonella infections. I. Bartonellosis and trench fever. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997; 16: 2-10.
86. Bass JW, Vincent JM, Person DA: The expanding spectrum of Bortonella infections. II. Cat-scratch disease. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997; 16: 163-79.
87. Agan BK, Dolan MJ: Laboratory diagnosis of Bartonella infections. Clin Lab Med 2002; 22: 937-62.
88. Mangold T, Goldberg J: Plague Wars. New York, NY, St Martins Griffin, 1999.
89. Alibek K: Biohazard. New York, NY, Random House, 1999.
90. Young DAB: Florence Nightingale's fever. BMJ 1995; 311: 1697-700.
91. Roux J: Brucella vaccines in humans. In: Brucellosis, pp 244-9. Edited by Madkour MM. London, United Kingdom, Butterworths, 1989.
92. Spink WW, Hall JW, Finstad J, Mallet E: Immunization with viable Brucella organisms. Bull World Health Organ 1962; 26: 409-19.
93. VanDeVerg LL, Hartman AB, Bhattacharjee AK, et al: Outer membrane protein of Neisseria meningitidis as a mucosal adjuvant for lipopolysaccharide of Brucella melitensis in mouse and guinea pig intranasal immunization models. Infect Immun 1996; 64: 5263-8.
94. Rogozin II: Tularemia prevention during the Second World War [in Russian]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 1970; 47: 23-6.
95. Croddy E, Drcalova S: Tularemia, biological warfare, and the battle for Stalingrad (1942-1943). Milit Med 2001; 166: 837-8.
96. Reintjes R, Dedushaj I, Gjini A, et al: Tularemia outbreak investigation in Kosovo: case control and environmental studies. Emerg Infect Dis 2002; 8: 69-73.
97. Dembek ZF, Buckman RL, Fowler SK, Hadler JL: Missed sentinel case of naturally occurring pneumonic tularemia outbreak: lessons for detection of bioterrorism. J Am Board Fam Prac 2003; 16: 339-42.
98. Waag DM, McKee KT, Sandstrom G, et al: Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses after vaccination of human volunteers with the live vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1995; 2: 143-8.