Calcium metabolism

Frontiers of Hormone Research

Volumn 24, Issue , 1999, Pages 67-86

  Lind, Lars ^a   Ljunghall, Sverker ^a  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 17144385574     PISSN: 03013073     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1159/000061009     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Zaloga GP, Chernow B, Cook D, et al: Assessment of calcium homeostatis in the critically ill patient. Ann Surg 1985;202:587-594.
2. Zaloga GP, Chernow B: Hypocalcemia in critical illness. JAMA 1986;256:1924-1929.
3. Ladenson JH, Lewis JW, Boyd JC: Failure of total calcium corrected for protein, albumin, and pH to correctly assess from calcium status. J Clin Endocrinol Metabl 1978;46:986-993.
4. 2-macroglobulin trypsin complex and its relation to the pathogenesis and chemotherapy of acute pancreatitis. Clin Chem Acta 1981;109:203-209.
5. Brodrick JW, Largman C, Ray SB, Geokas MC: Proteolysis of parathyroid hormone in vitro by sera from acute pancreatitis patients. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1981;167:588-596.
6. Logue FC, Beastall GH, Fraser WD, O'Reilly D: Intact parathyroid hormone assays. BMJ 1990; 300:210-211.
7. Benson L, Rastad J, Wide L, Åkerström G, Ljunghall S: Stimulation of parathyroid hormone secretion by EDTA infusion - A test for the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia. Acta Endocrinol 1986;111:498-506.
8. Schwarz P, Sørensen HA, McNair P, Transbøl I: CiCa-clamp technique: A method for quantifying parathyroid hormone secretion: A sequential citrate and calcium clamp study. Eur J Clin Invest 1993;23:546-553.
9. Zaloga GP, Chernow B: The multifactorial basis for hypocalcemia during sepsis. Studies of the parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis. Ann Intern Med 1987;107:36-41.
10. Desai TK, Carlson RW, Thill-Baharozian M, et al: A direct relationship between ionized calcium and arterial pressure among patients in an intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 1988;16:578-582.
11. Sanchez GJ, Venkataraman PS, Pryor RW, Parker MK, Fry HD, Blick KE: Hypercalcitoninemia and hypocalcemia in acutely ill children: Studies in serum calcium, blood-ionized calcium, and calcium-regulating hormones. J Pediatr 1989;114:952-956.
12. Burchard W, Gann DS, Colliton J, Forster J: Ionized calcium parathormone, and mortality in critically ill surgical patients. Ann Surg 1990;221:543-569.
13. Burchard KW, Simms H, Robinson A, DiAmico R, Gann DS: Hypocalemia during sepsis. Relationship to resuscitation and hemodynamics. Arch Surg 1992;127:265-272.
14. Howland WS, Schweizer O, Jascott D, et al: Factors influencing the ionization of calcium during major surgical procedures. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1976;143:895-900.
15. Kahn RC, Jascott D, Carlon GC, et al: Massive blood replacement: Correlation of ionized calcium, citrate, and hydrogen ion concentration. Anesth Analg 1979;58:274-278.
16. Ryzen E: Magnesium homeostasis in critically ill patients. Magnesium 1989;8:201-212.
17. Touitou Y, Godard JP, Ferment O, Chastang C, Proust J, Bogden A, et al: Prevalence of magnesium and potassium deficiencies in the elderly. Clin Chem 1987;33:518-523.
18. Whang R, Oei TO, Watanabe A: Frequency of hypomagnesemia in hospitalized patients receiving digitalis. Arch Intern Med 1985;145:655-656.
19. Whang R, Oei TO, Aikawa JK, Watanabe A, Vannatta J, Fryer A, et al: Predictors of clinical hypomagnesemia: Hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hyponatremia and hypocalcemia. Arch Intern Med 1984;144:1794-1796.
20. Chernow B, Bamberger S, StoikoM, Vadnais M, Mills S, Hoellerich V,Warshaw AL: Hypomagnesemia in patients in postoperative intensive care. Chest 1989;95:391-397.
21. Hebert P, Mehta N, Wang J, Hindmarsh T, Jones G, Cardinal P: Functional magnesium deficiency in critically ill patients identified using a magnesium-loading test. Crit Care Med 1997;25:749-755.
22. Haldimann B, Goldstein DA, Akmal M, et al: Renal function and blood levels of divalent ions in acute pancreatitis. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1980;3:190-199.
23. Condon JR, Ives D, Knight MJ, et al: The aetiology of hypocalcemia in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1975;62:115-118.
24. Zaloga GP, Chernow B: Hypocalcemia and rhabdomyolysis. JAMA 1987;257:626.
25. Posillico JT, Srikanta S, Eisenbarth G, Quaranta V, Kajiji S, Brown EM: Binding of monoclonal antibody (4F2) to its cell surface antigen on dispersed adenomatous parathyroid cells raises cytosolic calcium and inhibits parathyroid hormone secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987;64:43-50.
26. 2+: A critical link in the pathophysiology of sepsis? Med Sci 1993;90:3933-3937.
27. Zaloga GP, Washburn D, Black KW, Prielipp R: Human sepsis increases lymphocyte intracellular calcium. Crit Care Med 1993;21:196-202.
28. Sayeed MM, Maitra SR: Effect of diltiazem on altered cellular regulation during endotoxic shock. Am J Physiol 1987;253:R549-R554.
29. Rose S, Sayeed MM: Superoxide radical scavenging prevents cellular calcium dysregulation during abdominal sepsis. Shock 1997;7:263-268.
30. Shapses SA, Weissman O, Seibel MJ, Chowdhury HA: Urinary pyridinium cross-link excretion is increased in critically ill surgical patients. Crit Care Med 1997;25:85-90.
31. Carlstedt F, Lind L,Wide L, Lindahl B, Hänni A, Rastad J, Ljunghall S: Serum levels of parathyroid hormone are related to the mortality and severity of illness in patients in the emergency department. Eur J Clin Invest 1997;27:977-981.
32. Knaus AW, Draper EA, Wagner DP, et al: APACHE-II, a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985;113:818-829.
33. McKay C, Beastall GH, Imrie CW, Baxter JN: Circulating intact parathyroid hormone levels in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1994;81:357-360.
34. Wilson RF, Soullier G, Antonenko D: Ionized calcium levels in critically ill surgical patients. Am Surg 1979;45:485-490.
35. Desai TK, Carlson RW, Geheb MA: Prevalence and clinical implications of hypercalcemia in acutely ill patients in a medical intensive care setting. Am J Med 1988;84:209-214.
36. Macrone C, Beretta-Piccoli C, Weidmann P: Acute hypercalcemic hypertension in man: Role of hemodynamics, catecholamines, and renin. Kidney Int 1980;20:92-96.
37. Maynard JC, Cruz C, Kleerekoper M, et al: Blood pressure response to changes in serum-ionized calcium during hemodialysis. Ann Intern Med 1986;104:358-361.
38. Carlon GC, Howland WS, Kahn RC, et al: Calcium chloride administration in normocalcemic critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 1980;8:209-212.
39. Lang RM, Fellner SK, Neumann A, et al: Left ventricular contractility varies directly with bloodionized calcium. Ann Intern Med 1988;108:524-529.
40. Mori K: The effects of infusion of calcium and magnesium ions on the cardiovascular system in man. Jpn Heart J 1978;19:226-236.
41. Weidmann P, Massry SG, Coburn JW, et al: Blood pressure effects of acute hypercalcemia. Ann Intern Med 1972;76:741-745.
42. Vincent JL, Bredas P, Jankowski S, Kahn RJ Correction of hypocalcaemia in the critically ill:What is the haemodynamic benefit? Intensive Care Med 1995;21:838-841.
43. Zaloga GP, Sager A, Black KW, Prielipp R: Low dose calcium administration increases mortality during septic peritonitis in rats. Circ Shock 1992;37:226-229.
44. Malcolm DS, Zaloga GP, Holaday JW: Calcium administration increases the mortality of endotoxic shock in rats. Crit Care Med 1989;17:900-903.
45. Forster J, Querusio L, Burchard KW, Gann D: Hypercalcemia in critically ill surgical patients. Ann Surg 1985;202:512-518.
46. Lind L, Ljunghall S: Critical care hypercalcemia - A hyperparathyroid state. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1992;100:148-151.
47. Ljunghall S, Åkerström G, Benson L, Hetta J, Rudberg C, Wide L: Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine on serum parathyroid hormone and calcium in normal subjects. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1984;84:313-318.
48. Taylor B, Sibbald WJ, Edmonds MW, Holliday RL, Williams C: Ionized hypocalcemia in critically ill patients with sepsis. Can J Surg 1978;21:429-433.
49. Aderka D, Schwartz D,Dan M,Levo Y: Bacteremic hypocalcemia:Acomparison between the calcium levels of bacteremic and nonbacteremic patients with infection. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:232-236.
50. Woo P, Carpenter MA, Trunkey D: Ionized calcium: The effect of septic shock in the human. J Surg Res 1979;26:605-610.
51. Daily WH, Tonnesen AS, Allen SJ: Hypophosphatemia - Incidence, etiology and prevention in the trauma patient. Crit Care Med 1990;18:1210-1214.
52. Finsterer U, Betz J, Braun S, et al: Metabolism of phosphate and calcium after severe accidental trauma. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1983;43:117.
53. Lotz M, Zisman E, Bartter FC: Evidence for a phosphorus depletion syndrome in man. N Engl J Med 1968;278:409.
54. Newman JH, Neff TA, Ziporin P: Acute respiratory failure associated with hypophosphatemia. N Engl J Med 1977;296:1101.
55. Silvis SE, Paragas PD: Paresthesias, weakness, seizures and hypophosphatemia in patients receiving hyperalimentation. Gastroenterology 1972;62:513.
56. Yawata Y, Craddoc P, Hebbel R, et al: Hyperalimentation hypophosphatemia: Hematologic neurologic dysfunction due to ATP depletion. Clin Res 1973;21:729.
57. Lovén L, Gidlöf A, Larsson L, Sjöberg HE, Lennquist S: Changes in serum phosphate and calcitonin concentrations during elective surgery of the knee. Acta Chir Scand 1992;148:27-31.
58. Massare F, Cammani F: Propranolol block of adrenalin-induced hypophosphatemia in man. Clin Sci 1970:38:245.
59. Marik PE, Bedigian MK: Refeeding hypophosphatemia in critically ill patients in an intensive care unit. A prospective study. Arch Surg 1996;131:1043-1047.
60. Aubier M, MurcianoD, LecocguicY, ViiresN, Jacquens Y, Squara P, Pariente R: Effect of hypophosphatemia on diaphragmatic contractility in patients with acute respiratory failure. N Engl J Med 1985;313:420-424.
61. Bollaert PE, Levy B, Nace L, Laterre PF, Larcan A: Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of rapid correction of hypophosphatemmia in patients with septic shock. Chest 1995;107:1698-1701.
62. Rosen GH, Boullata JI, O'Rangers EA, Enow NB, Shin B: Intravenous phosphate repletion regimen for critically ill patients with moderate hypophosphatemia. Crit Care Med 1995;23:1204-1210.
63. Perreault MM, Ostrop NJ, Tierney MG: Efficacy and safety of intravenous phosphate replacement in critically ill patients. Ann Pharmacother 1997;31:683-688.
64. Ryzen E, Wagers PW, Singer FR, Rude RK: Magnesium deficiency in a medical ICU population. Crit Care Med 1985;13:19-21.
65. Guerin C, Cousin C, Mignot F, Manchon M, Fournier G: Serum and erythrocyte magnesium in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 1996;22:724-727.
66. Sacks GS, Brown RO, Dickerson RN, Bhattacharya S, Lee PD,Mowatt-Larssen C, Ilardi G, Kudsk KA: Mononuclear blood cell magnesium content and serum magnesium concentration in critically ill hypomagnesemic patients after replacement therapy. Nutrition 1997;13:303-308.
67. Saur PM, Zielmann S, Roth AT, Frank L, Warneke G, Radke A, Ensink FB, Kettler D: Diagnosis of magnesium deficiency in intensive care patients. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1996;31:37-41.
68. Sherwood RA, Aryanayagam P,Rocks BF, Mankikar GD: Hypomagnesemia in the elderly. Gerontology 1986;32:105-109.
69. Whyte KF, Addis GJ, Whitesmith R, Reid JL: Adrenergic control of plasma magnesium in man. Clin Sci 1987;72:135-138.
70. Zaloga GP, Chernow B, Pock A, Wood B, Zaritsky A, Zucher A: Hypomagnesemia is a common complication of aminoglycoside therapy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1984;158:561-565.
71. Ryan MP: Diuretics and potassium/magnesium depletion: Directions for treatment. Am J Med 1987;82:38-47.
72. Sheehan J, White A: Diuretic-associated hypomagnesemia. Br Med J 1982;285:1157-1159.
73. Salem M, Kasinski N, Munoz R, Chernow B: Progressive magnesium deficiency increases mortality from endotoxin challenge: Protective effects of acute magnesium replacement therapy. Crit Care Med 1995;23:108-118.
74. Hamill-Ruth RJ, McGory R: Magnesium repletion and its effect on potassium homeostasis in critically ill adults: Results of a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Crit Care Med 1996;24:38-45.
75. De Bastiani G, Mosconi F, Spagnol G, Nicolato A, Ferrari S, Aprili G: High calcitonin levels in unconscious polytrauma patients. J Bone Joint Surg 1992;74:101-104.
76. Lind L, Bucht E, Ljunghall S: Pronounced elevation in circulating calcitonin in critical care patients is related to the severity of illness and survival. Intensive Care Med 1995;21:63-66.
77. Zeni F, Viallon A, Assicot M, Tardy B, Vindimian V, Page Y, Lafond P, Bertrand JC, Bohuon C: Procalcitonin serum concentrations and severity of sepsis (abstract). Clin Intensive Care Suppl 1994; 5:2.
78. Dandona P, Nix D, Wilson MF, Aljada A, Love J, Assicot M, Bohuon C: Procalcitonin increase after endotoxin injection in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;79:1605-1608.
79. Gramm HJ, Dollinger P, Beier W: Procalcitonin - Ein neuer Marker der inflammatorischen Wirtsantwort. Longitudinalstudien bei Patienten mit Sepsis und Peritonitis. Chir Gastroenterol 1995;11:51-54.
80. Davis TME, Assicot M, Bohuon C, St John A, Li GQ, Anh TK: Serum procalcitonin concentrations in acute malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1994;88:670-671.
81. O'Neill WJ, Jordan MH, Lewis MS, Snider RH, Moore ChF, Becker KL: Serum calcitonin may be a marker for inhalation injury in burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 1992;13:605-616.