Short-wave infrared reflectance investigation of sites of paleobiological interest: Applications for Mars exploration

Astrobiology

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 359-376

  Brown, Adrian ^a   Walter, Malcolm ^a   Cudahy, Thomas ^a,b  

^a MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

Archean; Mars; Pilbara; Short wave infrared spectroscopy; Stromatolites

Indexed keywords

EMMELICHTHYS STRUHSAKERI; MICA; MICAS; PILBARA;

CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; MINERAL;

ARTICLE; ASTRONOMY; AUSTRALIA; BIOLOGY; CHEMISTRY; GEOLOGY; HEAT; INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; INSTRUMENTATION; METHODOLOGY; MICROCLIMATE; PALEONTOLOGY; SPACE FLIGHT; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

AUSTRALIA; CARBONATES; EARTH (PLANET); EVOLUTION, PLANETARY; EXOBIOLOGY; EXTRATERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT; GEOLOGY; HEAT; MARS; MINERALS; PALEONTOLOGY; SOLAR SYSTEM; SPACE FLIGHT; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, INFRARED; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 16644376398     PISSN: 15311074     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/ast.2004.4.359     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Aines, R.D. and Rossman, G.R. (1984) Water in mineral? A peak in the infrared. J. Geophys. Res. 89, 4059-4071.
2. Awramik, S.M., Schopf, J.W., and Walter, M.R. (1983) Filamentous fossil bacteria from the Archaean of Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 20, 357-374.
3. Baird, A.K. and Clark, B.C. (1981) On the original igneous source of martian fines. Icarus 45, 113-123.
4. Barley, M.E. (1984) Volcanism and hydrothermal alteration, Warrawoona Group, East Pilbara. In Archean and Proterozoic Basins of the Pilbara, Western Australia, edited by J.R. Muhling, D.I. Groves, and T.S. Blake, Geology Department (Key Centre) and University Extension, The University of Western Australia, Perth, pp. 23-26.
5. Bierwirth, P., Huston, D., and Blewett, R. (2002) Hyperspectral mapping of mineral assemblages associated with gold mineralization in the Central Pilbara, Western Australia. Econ. Geol. 97, 819-826.
6. Blaney, D.L. (2002) Visible to short wavelength infrared spectroscopy on rovers: Why we need it on Mars and what we need to do on Earth. In LPI Contribution No. 1148: Workshop on Mars Infrared Spectroscopy: From Theory and the Laboratory to Field Observations, edited by L. Kirkland, J. Mustard, J. McAfee, B. Hapke, and M. Ramsey, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, p. 2010.
7. Blewett, R.S., Shevchenko, S., and Bell, B. (2004) The North Pole Dome: A non-diapiric dome in the Archaean Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 133, 105-120.
8. Brakenridge, G.R., Newsom, H.E., and Baker, V.R. (1985) Ancient hot springs on Mars: Origins and paleoenvironmental significance of small Martian valleys. Geology 13, 859-862.
9. Brown, A.J. (2003) Hyperspectral mapping of an ancient hydrothermal system [abstract # 12979]. Astrobiology 2, 635.
10. Buick, R. (1990) Microfossil recognition in Archean rocks: An appraisal of spheroids and filaments from a 3500 m.y. old chert-barite unit at North Pole, Western Australia. Palaios 5, 441-459.
11. Buick, R. and Dunlop, J.S.R. (1990) Evaporitic sediments of early Archean age from the Warrawoona Group, North Pole, Western Australia. Sedimentology 37, 247-277.
12. Christensen, P.R., Bandfield, J.L., Smith, M.D., Hamilton, V.E., and Clark, R.N. (2000) Identification of a basaltic component on the Martian surface from Thermal Emission Spectrometer data. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 105(E4), 9609-9621.
13. Clark, R.N., King, T.V.V., and Gorelick, N. (1987) Automatic continuum analysis of reflectance spectra. In JPL Publication 87-30: Proceedings of the Third Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data Analysis Workshop, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, pp. 138-142.
14. Clark, R.N., King, T.V.V., Klejwa, M., and Swayze, G.A. (1990) High spectral resolution reflectance spectroscopy of minerals. J. Geophys. Res. 95(B), 12653-12680.
15. Cudahy, T.J., Okada, K., and Brauhart, C. (2000) Targeting VMS-style Zn mineralization at Panorama, Australia, using airborne hyperspectral VNIR-SWIR HyMap data. In International Conference on Applied Geologic Remote Sensing, 14th Las Vegas, Nevada, Proceedings, Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Las Vegas, pp. 395-402.
16. De Wit, M.J., Hart, R., Martin, A., and Abbott, P. (1982) Archean abiogenic and probable biogenic structures associated with mineralized hydrothermal vent systems and regional metasomatism, with implications for greenstone belt studies. Econ. Geol. 77, 1783-1802.
17. Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J. (1992) An Introduction to the Rock Forming Minerals, Longman, Harlow, UK.
18. Duchac, K.C. and Hanor, J.S. (1987) Origin and timing of the metasomatic silicification of an early Archean komatiite sequence, Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa. Precambrian Res. 37, 125-146.
19. Duke, E.F. (1994) Near infrared spectra of muscovite, Tschermak substitution, and metamorphic reaction progress: Implications for remote sensing. Geology 22, 621-624.
20. Dunlop, J.S.R., Muir, M.D., Milne, V.A., and Groves, D.I. (1978) A new microfossil assemblage from the Archaean of Western Australia. Nature 274, 676-678.
21. Gaffey, S.J. (1986) Spectral reflectance of carbonate minerals in the visible and near infrared (0.35-2.55 microns): Calcite aragonite and dolomite. Am. Mineral. 71, 151-162.
22. Galley, A.G. (1993) Characteristics of semi-conformable alteration zones associated with volcanogenic massive sulfide districts. J. Geochem. Explor. 48, 175-200.
23. Gibson, H.L., Watkinson, D.H., and Comba, C.D.A. (1983) Silicification: Hydrothermal alteration in an Archean geothermal system within the Amulet Rhyolite Formation, Noranda, Quebec. Econ. Geol. 78, 954-971.
24. Golombek, M.P. (1998) The Mars Pathfinder mission. Sci. Am. 279(1), 40-49.
25. Groves, D.I., Dunlop, J.S.R., and Buick, R. (1981) An early habitat of life. Sci. Am. 245(4), 56-65.
26. Gulick, V.C. (1998) Magmatic intrusions and a hydrothermal origin for fluvial valleys on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 103(E8), 19365-19387.
27. Gulick, V.C., Morris, R.L., Gazis, P., Bishop, J.L., Alena, R., Hart, S.D., and Horton, A. (2003) Automated rock identification for future Mars exploration missions [abstract 2103]. In 34th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference Abstracts, LPI Contribution No. 1156, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston.
28. Haldemann, A.F.C., Baumgartner, E.T., Bearman, G.H., Blaney, D.L., Brown, D.I., Dolgin, B.P., Dorsky, L.I., Huntsberger, T.L.,Ksendzov, A., Mahoney, J.C., McKelvey, M.J., Pavri, B.E., Post, G.A., Tubbs, E.F., Arvidson, R.E., Snider, N.O., Squyres, S.W.,Gorevan, S., Klingelhofer, G., Bernhardt, B., and Gellert, R. (2002) FIDO science payload simulating the Athena Payload. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 107(E11), article number 8006.
29. Herrmann, W., Blake, M., Doyle, M., Huston, D., Kamprad, J., Merry, N., and Pontual, S. (2001) Short wavelength infrared (SWIR) spectral analysis of hydrothermal alteration zones associated with base metal sulfide deposits at Rosebery and Western Tharsis, Tasmania, and Highway-Reward, Queensland. Econ. Geol. 96, 939-955.
30. Hofmann, H.J., Grey, K., Hickman, A.H., and Thorpe, R.I. (1999) Origin of 3.45 Ga coniform. stromatolites in Warrawoona Group, Western Australia. GSA Bull. 111, 1256-1262.
31. Hunt, G.R. (1979) Near infrared (1.3-2.4 μm) spectra of alteration minerals - potential for use in remote sensing. Geophysics 44, 1974-1986.
32. Huston, D., Kamprad, J., and Brauhart, C. (1999) Definition of high-temperature alteration zones with PIMA: An example from the Panorama VHMS district, central Pilbara Craton. AGSO Res. Newslett. 30, 10-12.
33. Jolliff, B., Knoll, A., Morris, R.V., Moersch, J., McSween, H., Gilmore, M., Arvidson, R., Greeley, R., Herkenhoff, K., and Squyres, S. (2002) Remotely sensed geology from lander-based to orbital perspectives: Results of FIDO rover May 2000 field tests. J. Geophys.Res. Planets 107(E11), article number 8008.
34. Jones, B., Renaut, R.W., and Rosen, M.R. (1997) Vertical zonation of biota in microstromatolites associated with hot springs, North Island, New Zealand. Palaios 12, 220-236.
35. Kato, Y. and Nakamura, K. (2003) Origin and global tectonic significance of Early Archean cherts from the Marble Bar greenstone belt, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 125, 191-243.
36. Kitajima, K., Maruyama, S., Utsunomiya, S., and Liou, J.G. (2001) Seafloor hydrothermal alteration at an Archaean mid-ocean ridge. J. Metamorph. Geol. 19, 581-597.
37. Lindsay, J.F., Brasier, M.D., McLoughlin, N., Green, O.R., Fogel, M., McNamara, K.M., Steele, A., and Mertzman, S.A. (2003) Abiotic Earth - establishing a baseline for earliest life, data from the Archean of Western Australia [abstract 1137]. In 34th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference Abstracts, LPI Contribution No. 1156, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston.
38. Lowe, D.R. (1983) Restricted shallow-water sedimentation of early Archean stromatolitic and evaporitic strata of the Strelley Pool Chert, Pilbara. Block, Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 19, 239-283.
39. McLeod, R.L., Gabell, A.R., Green, A.A., and Gardavski, V. (1987) Chlorite infrared spectral data as proximity indicators of volcanogenic massive sulfide mineralization. In Pacific Rim Congress 87, Gold Coast, 1987, Proceedings, Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Parkville, Australia, pp. 321-324.
40. McSween, H.Y., Murchie, S.L., Crisp, J.A., Bridges, N.T., Anderson, R.C., Bell, J.F., Britt, D.T., Bruckner, J., Dreibus, G., Economou, T., Ghosh, A., Golombek, M.P., Greenwood, J.P., Johnson, J.R., Moore, H.J., Morris, R.V., Parker, T.J., Rieder, R., Singer, R., and Wanke, H. (1999) Chemical, multispectral, and textural constraints on the composition and origin of rocks at the Mars Pathfinder landing site. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 104(E4), 8679-8715.
41. Meyer, C. and Hemley, J.J. (1967) Wallrock alteration. In Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits, edited by H.L. Barnes, Holt,Rinehart and Wilson, New York, pp. 166-235.
42. Moody, J., Silva, R., and Vanderwaart, J. (2001) Data filtering for automatic classification of rocks from reflectance spectra. In Seventh ACM SIGKIDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, ACM, San Francisco, pp. 347-352.
43. Mustard, J.F. and Sunshine, J.M. (1995) Seeing through the dust - martian crustal heterogeneity and links to the SNC meteorites. Science 267, 1623-1626.
44. Newsom, H.E., Hagerty, J.J., and Thorsos, I.E. (2001) Location and sampling of aqueous and hydrothermal deposits in martian impact craters. Astrobiology 1, 71-88.
45. Pedersen, L., Apostolopoulos, D., Whittaker, W., Cassidy, W., Lee, P., and Roush, T. (1999) Robotic rock classification using visible light reflectance spectroscopy: Preliminary results from the Robotic Antarctic Meteorite Search program [abstract 1340]. In 30th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference Abstracts, LPI Contribution No. 964, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston.
46. Pontual, S. (1997) G-Mex Vol. 1: Special Interpretation Field Manual , Ausspec International, Pty Ltd., Kew, Australia.
47. Reed, M.H. (1983) Seawater-basalt reaction and the origin of greenstones and related ore deposits. Econ. Geol. 78, 466-485.
48. Reyes, D.P. and Christensen, P.R. (1994) Evidence for komatiite-type lavas on Mars from Phobos Ism data and other observations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 887-890.
49. Rietveld, H.M. (1969) A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 2, 65-71.
50. Schopf, J.W. (1993) Microfossils of the Early Archaean Apex Chert: New evidence of the antiquity of life. Science 260, 640-646.
51. Squyres, S.W., Arvidson, R.E., Baumgartner, E.I., Bell, J.F., Christensen, P.R., Gorevan, S., Herkenhoff, K.E., Klingelhofer, G., Madsen, M.B., Morris, R.V., Rieder, R., and Romero, R.A. (2003) Athena Mars rover science investigation. J. Geophys. Res. 108, article number 8062.
52. Taylor, J.C. (1991) Computer programs for standardless quantitative analysis of minerals using the full powder diffraction profile. Powder Diffract. 6, 2-9.
53. Thomas, M. and Walter, M.R. (2002) Application of hyperspectral infrared analysis of hydrothermal alteration on Earth and Mars. Astrobiology 2, 335-351.
54. Thompson, A.J.B. and Thompson, J.F.H. (1996) Atlas of Alteration: A Field and Petrographic Guide to Hydrothermal Alteration Minerals, Mineral Deposits Division, Geological Association of Canada, St. John's, Newfoundland.
55. Thompson, A.J.B., Hauff, P.L., and Robitaille, A.J. (1999) Alteration mapping in exploration: Application of shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy. SEG Newslett. 39, 16-27.
56. Thorpe, R.I., Hickman, A.H., Davis, D.W., Mortensen, J.K., and Trendall, A.F. (1992) U-Pb zircon geochronology of Archaean felsic units in the Marble Bar region, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 56, 169-189.
57. Ueno, Y. (1998) Earth's oldest bacteria (3.5 Ga) from W. Australia. and the carbon isotope signature [abstract]. GSA Abstracts Programs 30, A-98.
58. Ueno, Y., Isozaki, Y., Yurimoto, H., and Maruyama, S. (2001a) Carbon isotopic signatures of individual microfossils(?) from Western Australia. Int. Geol. Rev. 43, 196-212.
59. 13C depleted carbonaceous matter in the North Pole area, Western Australia: Field occurence and geochemistry. In Geochemistry and the Origin of Life, edited by S. Nakashima, S. Maruyama, A. Brack, and B.F. Windley, Universal Academy Press, Tokyo, pp. 203-236.
60. Van Kranendonk, M.J. (2000) Geology of the North Shaw 1:100000 Sheet , Geological Survey of Western Australia, Department of Minerals and Energy, Perth.
61. Van Kranendonk, M. and Hickman, A.H. (2000) Archaean Geology of the North Shaw Region, East Pilbara Granite Greenstone Terrain, Western Australia - A Field Guide, Geological-Survey of Western Australia, Department of Minerals and Energy, Perth.
62. Van Kranendonk, M.J. and Pirajno, F. (2004) Geochemistry of metabasalts and hydrothermal alteration zones associated with ca. 3.45 Ga chert +/- barite deposits: Implications for the geological setting of the Warrawoona Group, Pilbara Craton, Australia. Geochem. Explor. Environ. Anal. 4, 253-278.
63. Van Kranendonk, M., Webb, G.E., and Kamber, B.S. (2003) Geological and trace element evidence for a marine sedimentary environment of deposition and biogenicity of 3.45 Ga stromatolitic carbonates in the Pilbara. Craton, and support for a reducing Archaean ocean. Geobiology 1, 91-108.
64. Walter, M.R. and Des Marais, D.J. (1993) Preservation of biological information in thermal-spring deposits - developing a strategy for the search for fossil life on Mars. Icarus 101, 129-143.
65. Walter, M.R., Buick, R., and Dunlop, J.S.R. (1980) Stromatolites 3400-3500 Myr old from the North Pole area, Western Australia. Nature 284, 443-445.
66. White, N.C. and Hedenquist, J.W. (1990) Epithermal environments and styles of mineralization: variations and their causes, and guideline for exploration. J. Geochem. Explor. 36, 445-474.
67. Wiens, R.C., Arvidson, R.E., Cremers, D.A., Ferris, M.J., Blacic, J.D., Seelos, F.P., and Deal, K.S. (2002) Combined remote mineralogical and elemental identification from rovers: Field and laboratory tests using reflectance and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 107(E11), article number 8004.
68. Yang, K., Huntington, J.F., Brown, P.R.L., and Ma, C. (2000) An infrared spectral reflectance study of hydrothermal alteration minerals from the Te Mihi sector of the Wairakei geothermal system, New Zealand. Geothermics 29, 377-392.
69. Yang, K., Browne, P.R.L., Huntington, J.F., and Walshe, J.L. (2001) Characterising the hydrothermal alteration of the Broadlands-Ohaaki geothermal system, New Zealand, using short-wave infrared spectroscopy. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 106, 53-65.