hCHL2, a novel chordin-related gene, displays differential expression and complex alternative splicing in human tissues and during myoblast and osteoblast maturation

Gene

Volumn 331, Issue 1-2, 2004, Pages 17-31

  Oren, Anat ^a   Toporik, Amir ^a   Biton, Sharon ^a   Almogy, Nechama ^a   Eshel, Dani ^a   Bernstein, Jeanne ^a   Savitsky, Kinneret ^a   Rotman, Galit ^a  

^a Compugen Ltd ^*  (Israel)

Author keywords

Alternative splicing; BMPs; Bone morphogenetic proteins; CHL; CHL2; Chordin; Chordin like; Chordin like 2; CR; Cysteine rich repeats; ESTs; Expressed sequence tags; Osteoblast maturation; Race; Rapid amplification of cDNA ends; RT

Indexed keywords

ACTIVIN A; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN 2; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN 4; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN 6; CHORDIN; ISOPROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; SIGNAL PEPTIDE;

ALTERNATIVE RNA SPLICING; ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MATURATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; MOLECULAR CLONING; MOUSE; MYOBLAST; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; OSTEOBLAST; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FAMILY; UTERUS;

ACTIVINS; ALTERNATIVE SPLICING; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS; CARRIER PROTEINS; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL LINE; CELL LINE, TUMOR; CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS; CONSERVED SEQUENCE; COS CELLS; CYSTEINE; EVOLUTION, MOLECULAR; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING; HUMANS; INHIBIN-BETA SUBUNITS; INSULIN; MALE; MICE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MYOBLASTS; OSTEOBLASTS; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN ISOFORMS; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

EID: 16544394177     PISSN: 03781119     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2004.01.029     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Balemans W., Van Hul W. Extracellular regulation of BMP signaling in vertebrates: a cocktail of modulators. Dev. Biol. 250:2002;231-250.
2. Blauer M., Husgafvel S., Syvala H., Tuohimaa P., Ylikomi T. Identification of a nuclear localization signal in activin/inhibin betaA subunit; intranuclear betaA in rat spermatogenic cells. Biol. Reprod. 60:1999;588-593.
3. Coffinier C., Ketpura N., Tran U., Geissert D., De Robertis E.M. Mouse Crossveinless-2 is the vertebrate homolog of a Drosophila extracellular regulator of BMP signaling. Gene Expr. Patterns. 2:2002;189-194.
4. Coffinier C., Tran U., Larrain J., De Robertis E.M. Neuralin-1 is a novel chordin-related molecule expressed in the mouse neural plate. Mech. Dev. 100:2001;119-122.
5. Conejo R., Valverde A.M., Benito M., Lorenzo M. Insulin produces myogenesis in C2C12 myoblasts by induction of NF-kappaB and downregulation of AP-1 activities. J. Cell Physiol. 186:2001;82-94.
6. David A., Mabjeesh N., Azar I., Biton S., Engel S., Bernstein J., Romano J., Avidor Y., Waks T., Eshhar Z., Langer S.Z., Lifschitz-Mercer B., Matzkin H., Rotman G., Toporik A., Savitsky K., Mintz L. Unusual alternative splicing within the human kallikrein genes KLK2 and KLK3 gives rise to novel prostate-specific proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 277:2002;18084-18090.
7. De Robertis E.M., Larrain J., Oelgeschlager M., Wessely O. The establishment of Spemann's organizer and patterning of the vertebrate embryo. Nat. Rev. Genet. 1:2000;171-181.
8. Ethier J.F., Findlay J.K. Roles of activin and its signal transduction mechanisms in reproductive tissues. Reproduction. 121:2001;667-675.
9. Gaddy-Kurten D., Coker J.K., Abe E., Jilka R.L., Manolagas S.C. Inhibin suppresses and activin stimulates osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in murine bone marrow cultures. Endocrinology. 143:2002;74-83.
10. Garcia Abreu J., Coffinier C., Larrain J., Oelgeschlager M., De Robertis E.M. Chordin-like CR domains and the regulation of evolutionarily conserved extracellular signaling systems. Gene. 287:2002;39-47.
11. Haskill S., Martin G., Van Le L., Morris J., Peace A., Bigler C.F., Jaffe G.J., Hammerberg C., Sporn S.A., Fong S.et al. cDNA cloning of an intracellular form of the human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist associated with epithelium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 88:1991;3681-3685.
12. 2+- binding protein of bone matrix. Haemostasis. 16:1986;258-272.
13. Henderson J.E. Nuclear targeting of secretory proteins. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 129:1997;1-5.
14. Hirotani H., Ohtsuka-Isoya M., Mori S., Sakai R., Eto Y., Echigo S., Shinoda H. Activin A increases the bone mass of grafted bone in C3H/HeJ mice. Calcif. Tissue Int. 70:2002;330-338.
15. Katagiri T., Yamaguchi A., Komaki M., Abe E., Takahashi N., Ikeda T., Rosen V., Wozney J.M., Fujisawa-Sehara A., Suda T. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 converts the differentiation pathway of C2C12 myoblasts into the osteoblast lineage. J. Cell Biol. 127:1994;1755-1766.
16. Kozak M. Interpreting cDNA sequences: some insights from studies on translation. Mamm. Genome. 7:1996;563-574.
17. Kurys G., Tagaya Y., Bamford R., Hanover J.A., Waldmann T.A. The long signal peptide isoform and its alternative processing direct the intracellular trafficking of interleukin-15. J. Biol. Chem. 275:2000;30653-30659.
18. Larrain J., Bachiller D., Lu B., Agius E., Piccolo S., De Robertis E.M. BMP-binding modules in chordin: a model for signalling regulation in the extracellular space. Development. 127:2000;821-830.
19. Link B.A., Nishi R. Opposing effects of activin A and follistatin on developing skeletal muscle cells. Exp. Cell Res. 233:1997;350-362.
20. Millet C., Lemaire P., Orsetti B., Guglielmi P., Francois V. The human chordin gene encodes several differentially expressed spliced variants with distinct BMP opposing activities. Mech. Dev. 106:2001;85-96.
21. Morris D.R., Geballe A.P. Upstream open reading frames as regulators of mRNA translation. Mol. Cell Biol. 20:2000;8635-8642.
22. Mulder N.J.et al. The InterPro Database, 2003 brings increased coverage and new features. Nucleic Acids Res. 31:2003;315-318.
23. Nakai K., Horton P. PSORT: a program for detecting sorting signals in proteins and predicting their subcellular localization. Trends Biochem. Sci. 24:1999;34-36.
24. Nakayama N., Han C.E., Scully S., Nishinakamura R., He C., Zeni L., Yamane H., Chang D., Yu D., Yokota T., Wen D. A novel chordin-like protein inhibitor for bone morphogenetic proteins expressed preferentially in mesenchymal cell lineages. Dev. Biol. 232:2001;372-387.
25. Nakayama N., Han C.E., Cam L., Lee J.I., Pretorius J., Fisher S., Rosenfeld R., Scully S., Nishinakamura R., Duryea D., Van G., Bolon B., Yakota T., Zhang K. A novel chordin-like inhibitor, CHL2, expressed preferentially in chondrocytes of developing cartilage and osteoarthritic joint cartilage. Development. 131:2003;229-240.
26. Nishida S., Yamaguchi A., Tanizawa T., Endo N., Mashiba T., Uchiyama Y., Suda T., Yoshiki S., Takahashi H.E. Increased bone formation by intermittent parathyroid hormone administration is due to the stimulation of proliferation and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells in bone marrow. Bone. 15:1994;717-723.
27. Ogawa K., Hashimoto O., Kurohmaru M., Mizutani T., Sugino H., Hayashi Y. Follistatin-like immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm and nucleus of spermatogenic cells in the rat. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 137:1997;523-529.
28. Ogawa Y., Schmidt D.K., Nathan R.M., Armstrong R.M., Miller K.L., Sawamura S.J., Ziman J.M., Erickson K.L., de Leon E.R., Rosen D.M.et al. Bovine bone activin enhances bone morphogenetic protein-induced ectopic bone formation. J. Biol. Chem. 267:1992;14233-14237.
29. Pappano W.N., Scott I.C., Clark T.G., Eddy R.L., Shows T.B., Greenspan D.S. Coding sequence and expression patterns of mouse chordin and mapping of the cognate mouse CHRD and human CHRD genes. Genomics. 52:1998;236-239.
30. Piccolo S., Sasai Y., Lu B., De Robertis E.M. Dorsoventral patterning in Xenopus: inhibition of ventral signals by direct binding of chordin to BMP-4. Cell. 86:1996;589-598.
31. Reddi A.H. Interplay between bone morphogenetic proteins and cognate binding proteins in bone and cartilage development: noggin, chordin and DAN. Arthritis Res. 3:2001;1-5.
32. Sakuta H., Suzuki R., Takahashi H., Kato A., Shintani T., Iemura S., Yamamoto T.S., Ueno N., Noda M. Ventroptin: a BMP-4 antagonist expressed in a double-gradient pattern in the retina. Science. 293:2001;111-115.
33. Sasai Y. Regulation of neural determination by evolutionarily conserved signals: anti-BMP factors and what next? Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 11:2001;22-26.
34. Scott I.C., Steiglitz B.M., Clark T.G., Pappano W.N., Greenspan D.S. Spatiotemporal expression patterns of mammalian chordin during postgastrulation embryogenesis and in postnatal brain. Dev. Dyn. 217:2000;449-456.
35. Sorek R., Ast G., Graur D. Alu-containing exons are alternatively spliced. Genome Res. 12:2002;1060-1067.
36. Stewart K., Walsh S., Screen J., Jefferiss C.M., Chainey J., Jordan G.R., Beresford J.N. Further characterization of cells expressing STRO-1 in cultures of adult human bone marrow stromal cells. J. Bone Miner. Res. 14:1999;1345-1356.
37. Wu I., Moses M.A. BNF-1, a novel gene encoding a putative extracellular matrix protein, is overexpressed in tumor tissues. Gene. 311:2003;105-110.