Production rates of cortisol in obesity

Obesity Research

Volumn 12, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 1421-1425

  Vierhapper, Heinrich ^a   Nowotny, Peter ^a   Waldhäusl, Werner ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

Author keywords

Cortisol; Mass spectrometry; Metabolic clearance rates; Production rates; Stable labeled isotopes

Indexed keywords

ANDROSTERONE; ETIOCHOLANOLONE; HYDROCORTISONE; TETRAHYDROCORTISOL; TETRAHYDROCORTISONE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BIOSYNTHESIS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INDICATOR DILUTION CURVE; KINETICS; MALE; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE; METABOLISM; OBESITY; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; URINE;

ADULT; ANDROSTERONE; ETIOCHOLANOLONE; FEMALE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; INDICATOR DILUTION TECHNIQUES; KINETICS; MALE; MASS SPECTROMETRY; METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE; OBESITY; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; TETRAHYDROCORTISOL; TETRAHYDROCORTISONE;

EID: 16544386010     PISSN: 10717323     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/oby.2004.178     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Dunkelman SS, Fairhurst B, Plager J, Waterhouse C. Cortisol metabolism in obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1964;24:832-41.
2. Marin P, Darin M, Amemiya T, Anderson B, Jern S, Bjorntop P. Cortisol secretion in relation to body fat distribution in obese premenopausal women. Metabolism. 1992;41:882-6.
3. Pasquali R, Cantobelli S, Casimirri F, et al. The hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis in obese women with different patterns of body fat distribution. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993;77:341-6.
4. Andrew R, Phillips DIW, Walker BR. Obesity and gender influence cortisol secretion and metabolism in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988;83:1806-9.
5. Stewart PM, Boulton A, Kumar S, Clark PMS, Shackleton CHL. Cortisol metabolism in human obesity: impaired cortisone → cortisol conversion in subjects with central adiposity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84:1022-7.
6. Mokdad AH, Serdula MK, Dietz WH, Bowman BA, Marks JS, Koplan JP. The spread of the obesity epidemic in the United States, 1991-1998. J Am Med Assoc. 1999;282:1519-22.
7. Vierhapper H. Obesity in Austria: body mass index of 15000 euthyroid men and women referred to a thyroid outpatient service between 1992 and 2000. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2001;109:337-9.
8. Stulnig TM, Oppermann U, Steffensen KR, Schuster GU, Gustafsson J-A. Liver X receptors downregulate 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression and activity. Diabetes. 2002;51:2426-33.
9. Walker BR. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in obesity: cause or consequence? Growth Horm IGF Res. 2001;(Suppl A)11:S91-5.
10. Strain G, Zumoff B, Kream J, Strain J, Levin J, Fukushima D. Sex difference in the influence of obesity on the 24 hr mean plasma concentration of cortisol. Metabolism. 1982;31:209-12.
11. Strain G, Zumoff B, Strain J, Levin J, Fukushima D. Cortisol production in obesity. Metabolism. 1980;29:980-5.
12. Vierhapper H, Nowotny P, Waldhäusl W. Stimulation of gonadal steroid synthesis by chronic excess of ACTH in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency. J Clin Invest. 1986;77:1063-70.
13. Vierhapper H, Nowotny P. The stress of being a doctor: steroid excretion rates in internal medicine residents on and off duty. Am J Med. 2000;109:492-4.
14. Vierhapper H, Nowotny P, Waldhäusl W. Sex-specific differences in cortisol production rates in humans. Metabolism. 1998;47:974-6.
15. Vierhapper H, Nowotny P, Waldhäusl W. Treatment with growth hormone suppresses cortisol production in man. Metabolism. 1998;47:1376-8.
16. Vierhapper H, Nowotny P, Waldhäusl W. Reduced production rates of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in healthy men treated with rosiglitazone. Metabolism. 2003;52:230-2.
17. Rask E, Walker BR, Soderberg S, et al. Tissue-specific changes in peripheral cortisol metabolism in obese women: increased adipose 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:3330-6.
18. Tomlinson JW, Sinha B, Bujalska I, Hewison M, Stewart PM. Expression of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in adipose tissue is not increased in human obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:5630-5.
19. Paulmyer-Lacroix O, Boullu S, Oliver C, Alessi MC, Grino M. Expression of the mRNA coding for 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in adipose tissue from obese patients: an in situ hybridization study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:2701-5.
20. Livingstone DEW, Jones G, Smith K, et al. Understanding the role of glucocorticoids in obesity: tissue-specific alterations of corticosterone metabolism in obese Zucker rats. Endocrinology. 2003;141:560-3.
21. Rask E, Olsson T, Soderberg S, et al. Tissue-specific dysregulation of cortisol metabolism in human obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:1418-21.
22. Walker BR, Connacher AA, Lindsay M, Webb DJ, Edwards CRW. Carbenoxolone increases hepatic insulin sensitivity in man: a novel role for 11-oxosteroid reductase in enhancing glucocorticoid receptor activation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80: 3155-9.
23. Wajngot A, Giacca A, Grill V, Vranic M, Efendic S. The diabetogenic effects of glucocorticoids are more pronounced in low- than in high-insulin responders. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992;89:6035-9.
24. Hammami MM, Siiteri PK. Regulation of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in human skin fibroblasts: enzymatic modulation of glucocorticoid action. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991;73:326-34.
25. Voice MW, Seckl JR, Edwards CR, Chapman KE. 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression in 2S FAZA hepatoma cells is hormonally regulated: a model system for the study of hepatic glucocorticoid metabolism. Biochem J. 1996;317:621-5.
26. Andrews RC, Herlihy O, Livingstone DEW, Andrew R, Walker BR. Abnormal cortisol metabolism and tissue sensitivity to cortisol in patients with glucose intolerance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:5587-93.
27. Vierhapper H, Derfler K, Nowotny P, Hollenstein U, Waldhaeusl W. Impaired conversion of cortisol to cortisone in chronic renal insufficiency: a cause of hypertension or an epiphenomenon? Acta Endocrinol Copenh. 1991;125:160-4.
28. McGuire JS, Hollis VW, Tomkins GM. Some characteristics of the microsomal steroid reductases (5α) of rat liver. J Biol Chem. 1960;235:3112-7.
29. Peterson RE, Imperato-Mcginley J, Gautier T, Shackleton C. Urinary steroid metabolites in subjects with male pseudohermaphroditism due to 5alpha-reductase deficiency. Clin Endocrinol. 1985;23:43-53.
30. Samojlik E, Kirschner MA, Silber D, Schneider G, Ertel NH. Elevated production and metabolic clearance rates of androgens in morbidly obese women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1984;59:949-54.