Calcium carbonate budget in the Atlantic Ocean based on water column inorganic chemistry

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Volumn 17, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 4-1

  Chung, S N ^a   Lee, K ^a   Feely, R A ^b   Sabine, C L ^b   Millero, F J ^c   Wanninkhof, R ^d   Bullister, J L ^b   Key, R M ^e   Peng, T H ^d  

^a Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)   (South Korea)

^b NOAA PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI   (United States)

^d NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^e PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Alkalinity; Calcium carbonate budget; Dissolution of calcium carbonate; Ocean carbon cycle; Saturation state of seawater

Indexed keywords

ALKALINITY; CALCIUM CARBONATE; CARBON CYCLE; DISSOLUTION; SATURATION; SEAWATER;

ATLANTIC OCEAN;

EID: 1642409578     PISSN: 08866236     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Anderson, L. A., and J. L. Sarmiento, Redfield ratios of remineralization determined by nutrient data analysis, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 8, 65-80, 1994.
2. 2 microelectrode results, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 53, 2831-2845, 1989.
3. Armstrong, R. A., C. Lee, J. I. Hedges, S. Honjo, and S. G. Wakeham, A new mechanistic model for organic carbon fluxes in the ocean based on the quantitative association of POC with ballast minerals, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 49, 219-236, 2002.
4. Bates, N. R., A. F. Michaels, and A. H. Knap, Seasonal and interannual variability of oceanic carbon dioxide species at the U.S. JGOFS Bermuda Atlantic time-series study (BATS) site, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 43, 347-384, 1996.
5. Berger, W. H., Global map of ocean productivity, in Productivity of the Ocean: Present and Past, edited by V. S. Smetacek and G. Wefer, pp. 429-455, John Wiley, Hoboken, N. J., 1992.
6. Betzer, P. R., R. M. Byrne, J. G. Acker, C. S. Lewis, R. R. Jolly, and R. A. Feely, The oceanic carbonate system: A reassessment of biogenic controls, Science, 226, 1074-1077, 1984.
7. Bishop, J. K. B., R. W. Collier, D. R. Kettens, and J. M. Edmond, The chemistry, biology and vertical flux of particulate matter from the upper 1500 m of the Panama Basin, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 27, 615-640, 1980.
8. Brewer, P. G., and J. Goldman, Alkalinity changes generated by phytoplankton growth, Limnol. Oceanogr., 21, 108-117, 1976.
9. Brewer, P. G., G. T. F. Wong, M. P. Bacon, and D. W. Spencer, An oceanic calcium problem?, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 26, 81-87, 1975.
10. Broecker, W. S., 'NO', a conservative water-mass tracer, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 23, 100-107, 1974.
11. Broecker, W. S., and T.-H., Peng, Tracers in the Sea, 690 pp., Eldigeo Press, Palisades, N. Y., 1982.
12. Broecker, W. S., and T. Takahashi, The relationship between lysocline depth and in situ carbonate ion concentration, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 25, 65-95, 1978.
13. Byrne, R. H., J. G. Acker, P. R. Betzer, R. A. Feely, and M. H. Cates, Water column dissolution of aragonite in the Pacific Ocean, Nature, 312, 321-326, 1984.
14. Catubig, N. R., D. E. Archer, R. Francois, P. de Penocal, W. Howard, and E. F. Yu, Global deep-sea burial rate of calcium carbonate during the last glacial maximum, Paleoceanography, 13, 298-310, 1998.
15. Chen, C.-T. A., Decomposition of calcium carbonate and organic carbon in the deep oceans, Science, 201, 735-736, 1978.
16. Chen, C.-T. A., Shelf-vs. dissolution-generated alkalinity above the chemical lysocline, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 49, 5365-5375, 2002.
17. Dickson, A. G., An exact definition of total alkalinity and a procedure for the estimation of alkalinity and total inorganic carbon from titration data, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 28, 609-623, 1981.
18. Dickson, A. G., and F. J. Millero, A comparison of the equilibrium constants for the dissociation of carbonic acid in seawater media, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 34, 1733-1743, 1987.
19. Doney, S. C., and J. L. Bullister, A chlorofluorocarbon section in the eastern North Atlantic, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 39, 1857-1883, 1992.
20. Doney, S. C., W. J. Jenkins, and J. L. Bullister, A comparison of ocean tracer dating techniques on a meridional section in the eastern North Atlantic, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 44, 603-626, 1997.
21. Emerson, S. R., and M. Bender, Carbon fluxes at the sediment-water interface of the deep-sea: Calcium carbonate preservation, J. Mar. Res., 39, 139-162, 1981.
22. Feely, R. A., et al., In situ calcium carbonate dissolution in the Pacific Ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16(4), 1144, doi:10.1029/2002GB001866, 2002.
23. François, R., S. Honjo, R. Krishfield, and S. Manganini, Running the gauntlet in the twilight zone: The effects of midwater processes on the biological pump, U.S. JGOFS News, 11(4), 4-6, 2002.
24. Godwin, H., Half-life of radiocarbon, Nature, 195, 984, 1962.
25. Gruber, N., and J. L. Sarmiento, Global patterns of marine nitrogen fixation and denitrification, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 11, 235-266, 1997.
26. 2 in the oceans, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10, 809-837, 1996.
27. 2(aq), Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 61, 501-514, 1997.
28. Harris, R. P., Zooplankton grazing on the coccolithophore Emiliani huxleyi and its role in the inorganic carbon flux, Mar. Biol., 119, 431-439, 1994.
29. Iglesias-Rodriguez, D., R. Armstrong, R. A. Feely, R. Hood, J. Kleypas, J. D. Milliman, C. L. Sabine, and J. Sarmiento, Progress made in study of ocean's calcium carbonate budget, Eos Trans. AGU, 83(34), 365, 2002.
30. Ingle, S. E., Solubility of calcite in the ocean, Mar. Chem., 44, 205-220, 1975.
31. Jahnke, R. A., Calcium carbonate dissolution at the seafloor: Direct observations with in situ benthic flux chamber, Eos Trans. AGU, 75, 363, 1994.
32. 3 dissolution at the deep-sea floor, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 2799-2809, 1994.
33. Jansen, H., and D. A. Wolf-Gladrow, Carbonate dissolution in copepod guts: A numerical model, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 221, 199-207, 2001.
34. Johnson, K. M., K. D. Wills, D. B. Butler, W. K. Johnson, and C. S. Wong, Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: Maximizing the performance of an automated continuous gas extraction system and coulometric detector, Mar. Chem., 44, 167-187, 1993.
35. Kanamori, S., and H. Ikegami, Calcium-alkalinity relationship in the North Pacific, J. Oceanogr. Soc. Jpn., 38, 57-62, 1982.
36. Keir, R. S., The dissolution kinetics of biogenic calcium carbonates in seawater, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 44, 241-252, 1980.
37. 2 survey data, Deep Sea Res., Part II, 49, 21-58, 2002.
38. Lee, K., Global net community production estimated from the annual cycle of surface water total dissolved inorganic carbon, Limnol. Oceanogr., 46, 1287-1297, 2001.
39. Lee, K., F. J. Millero, and R. H. Wanninkhof, The carbon dioxide system in the Atlantic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 15,693-15,707, 1997.
40. Lee, K., F. J. Millero, R. H. Byrne, R. A. Feely, and R. H. Wanninkhof, The recommended dissociation constants of carbonic acid for use in seawater, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 229-232, 2000.
41. 2 inventory in the Atlantic Ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, submitted, 2003.
42. 2 system calculations, Rep. 105, 33 pp., Carbon Dioxide Inf. Anal. Cent., Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Oak Ridge, Tenn., Feb. 1998.
43. Lutz, M., R. Dunbar, and K. Caldeira, Regional variability in the vertical flux of particulate organic carbon in the ocean interior, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16(2), 1037, doi:10.1029/2000GB001383, 2002.
44. 3 dissolution in sediments of the Ceara Rise, western equatorial Atlantic, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 243-263, 1996.
45. Mehrbach, C., C. H. Culberson, J. E. Hawley, and R. M. Pytkowicz, Measurement of the apparent dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater at atmospheric pressure, Limnol. Oceanogr., 18, 897-907, 1973.
46. Millero, F. J., Influence of pressure on chemical processes in the sea, in Chemical Oceanography, 2nd ed., vol. 8, edited by J. P. Riley and R. Chester, chap. 43, pp. 2-88, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1983.
47. Millero, F. J., Thermodynamics of the carbon dioxide system in the oceans, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 59, 661-677, 1995.
48. Millero, F. J., J.-Z. Zhang, K. Lee, and D. M. Campbell, Titration alkalinity of seawater, Mar. Chem., 44, 153-165, 1993.
49. Millero, F. J., K. Lee, and M. Roche, Distribution of alkalinity in the surface waters of the major oceans, Mar. Chem., 60, 111-130, 1998.
50. Milliman, J. D., and A. W. Droxler, Neritic and pelagic carbonate sedimentation in the marine environment: Ignorance is not bliss, Geol. Rundsch., 85, 496-504, 1996.
51. Milliman, J. D., P. J. Troy, W. M. Balch, A. K. Adams, Y.-H. Li, and F. T. Mackenzie, Biologically mediated dissolution of calcium carbonate above the chemical lysocline, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 46, 1653-1669, 1999.
52. Morris, A. W., and J. P. Riley, The bromide/chemistry and sulfate/chlorinity ratio in seawater, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 13, 699-705, 1966.
53. Morse, J. W., and R. A. Berner, Dissociation kinetics of calcium carbonate in seawater: II. A kinetic origin for the lysocline, Am. J. Sci., 272, 840-851, 1972.
54. Morse, J. W., and F. T. Mackenzie, Geochemistry of sedimentary carbonates, 707 pp., Elsevier Sci., New York, 1990.
55. Mucci, A., The solubility of calcite and aragonite in seawater at various salinities, temperatures and 1 atmosphere total pressure, Am. J. Sci., 238, 780-799, 1983.
56. Pond, D. W., R. P. Harris, and C. A. Brownlee, Microinjection technique using a pH sensitive dye to determine the gut pH of Calanus helgolandicus, Mar. Biol., 123, 75-79, 1995.
57. Pytkowicz, R. M., Calcium carbonate retention in supersaturated seawater, Am. J. Sci., 273, 515-522, 1973.
58. Riley, J. P., The occurrence of anomalously high fluoride concentrations in the North Atlantic, Deep Sea Res., 12, 219-220, 1965.
59. Riley, J. P., and M. Tongudai, The major cation/chlorinity ratios in sea water, Chem. Geol., 2, 263-269, 1967.
60. Rubin, S., and R. M. Key, Separating natural and bomb-produced radiocarbon in the ocean: The potential alkalinity method, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16(4), 1105, doi:10.1029/2001GB001432, 2002.
61. Sabine, C. L., F. T. Mackenzie, C. Winn, and D. M. Karl, Geochemistry of carbon dioxide in seawater at the Hawaii ocean time series station, ALOHA, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 9, 637-651, 1995.
62. Sabine, C. L., R. M. Key, R. A. Feely, and D. Greeley, Inorganic carbon in the Indian Ocean: Distribution and dissolution processes, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16(4), 1067, doi:10.1029/2002GB001869, 2002a.
63. 2 in the Pacific Ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16(4), 1083, doi:10.1029/2001GB001639, 2002b.
64. 3 to organic carbon export ratio, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16(4), 1107, doi:10.1029/2002GB001919, 2002.
65. Sonnerup, R. E., On the relationships among CFC derived water mass ages, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1739-1742, 2001.
66. Takahashi, T., Carbonate chemistry of seawater and the calcite compensation depth in the oceans: Special publication of the Cushman Foundation, Foraminiferal Res., 13, 11-126, 1975.
67. Uppström, L. R., Boron/chlorinity ratio of deep-sea water from the Pacific Ocean, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 21, 161-162, 1974.
68. Walker, S. J., R. F. Weiss, and P. K. Salameh, Reconstructed histories of the annual mean atmospheric mole fractions for the halocarbons CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, and carbon tetrachloride, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 14,285-14,296, 2000.
69. Wallace, D. W. R., P. Beining, and A. Putzka, Carbon tetrachloride and chlorofluorocarbons in the South Atlantic Ocean, 19°S, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 7803-7819, 1994.
70. Wanninkhof, R., T.-H. Peng, B. Huss, C. L. Sabine, and K. Lee, Comparison of inorganic carbon system parameters measured in the Atlantic Ocean from 1990 to 1998 and recommended adjustments, ORNL/CDIAC-140, 43 pp., Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Oak Ridge, Tenn., 2003.
71. Warner, M. J., J. L. Bullister, D. P. Wisegarver, R. H. Gammon, and R. F. Weiss, Basin-wide distributions of chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11 and CFC-12 in the North Pacific: 1985-1989, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 20,525-20,542, 1996.
72. 231Pa, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 48, 865-889, 2001.
73. 2, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 15, 507-516,