Goats' milk xanthine oxidoreductase is grossly deficient in molybdenum

Journal of Dairy Research

Volumn 71, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 7-13

  Atmani, Djebbar ^a   Benboubetra, Mustapha ^b   Harrison, Roger ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BEJAIA   (Algeria)

^b FERHAT ABBAS UNIVERSITY   (Algeria)

^c University of Bath   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bovine; Caprine; Goat; Human; Milk; Molybdenum; Secretion; Xanthine oxidase

Indexed keywords

MOLYBDENUM; XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE; XANTHINE OXIDASE;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BREAST MILK; CATTLE; CHEMISTRY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ENZYMOLOGY; FEMALE; GOAT; HUMAN; KINETICS; METABOLISM; MILK; POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION;

ANIMALS; CATTLE; ELECTROPHORESIS, POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL; FEMALE; GOATS; HUMANS; KINETICS; MILK; MILK, HUMAN; MOLYBDENUM; STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP; XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE; XANTHINE OXIDASE;

ANIMALIA; BOS TAURUS; BOVINAE; CAPRA; CAPRA HIRCUS;

EID: 1642405513     PISSN: 00220299     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0022029903006514     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Abadeh S, Killacky J, Benboubetra M & Harrison R 1992 Purification and partial characterization of xanthine oxidase from human milk. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1117 25-32
2. Adachi T, Fukushima T, Usami Y & Hirano K 1993 Binding of human xanthine oxidase to sulphated glycosaminoglycans on the endothelial cell surface. Biochemical Journal 289 523-527
3. 2-dependent type. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265 14170-14175
4. Avis PG, Bergel F & Bray RC 1956 Cellular constituents. The chemistry of xanthine oxidase. Part III. Estimations of the cofactors and the catalytic functions of enzyme fractions from cows' milk. Journal of the Chemical Society 1219-1225
5. Beckman JP, Parks DA, Pearson JD, Marshall PA & Freeman BA 1989 A sensitive fluorimetric assay for measuring xanthine dehydrogenase and oxidase in tissues. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 6 607-615
6. Bray RC 1975 Molybdenum iron-sulfur flavin hydroxylases and related enzymes. In The Enzymes, Vol. XII, 3rd Edn., pp. 299-419 (Ed. PD Boyer). New York: Academic Press
7. Bray RC, Lowe D, Godber B, Harrison R & Eisenthal R 1999 Properties of xanthine oxidase from human milk: the enzyme is grossly deficient in molybdenum and substantially deficient in iron-sulfur centres. In Flavins and Flavoproteins, Proc. 13th International Symposium, Konstanz, Germany, pp. 775-778 (Eds S Ghisla, PMH Kroneck, P Macheroux & H Sund). Berlin: Agency for Scientific Publications
8. Bradford MM 1976 A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72 248-254
9. Brown A-M, Benboubetra M, Ellison M, Powell D, Reckless JD & Harrison R 1995 Molecular activation-deactivation of xanthine oxidase in human milk. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1245 248-254
10. Godber BLJ 1998 Physicochemical and kinetic properties of human milk xanthine oxidoreductase PhD Dissertation, University of Bath
11. Godber B, Sanders S, Harrison R, Eisenthal R & Bray RC 1997 More than 95% of xanthine oxidase in human milk is present as the demolybdo form, lacking molybdopterin. Biochemical Society Transactions 25 519S
12. Godber BLJ, Doel JJ, Sapkota GP, Blake DR, Stevens CR, Eisenthal R & Harrison R 2000a Reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide catalysed by xanthine oxidoreductase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 7757-7763
13. Godber BLJ, Doel JJ, Durgan J, Eisenthal R & Harrison R 2000b A new route to peroxynitrite: a role for xanthine oxidoreductase. FEBS Letters 475 93-96
14. Green DE & Pauli R 1943 The antibacterial action of the xanthine oxidase system. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 54 148-150
15. Gutteridge S, Tanner SJ, Bray RC 1978 Comparison of the molybdenum centres of native and desulpho xanthine oxidase. Biochemical Journal 175 887-897
16. Hancock JT, Salisbury V, Ovejero-Boglione MC, Cherry R, Hoare C, Eisenthal R & Harrison R 2002 The antimicrobial properties of milk. Dependence on the presence of xanthine oxidase and nitrite. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46 3308-3310
17. Harrison R 1997 Human xanthine oxidoreductase: in search of a function. Biochemical Society Transactions 25 786-791
18. Harrison R 2002 Structure and function of xanthine oxidoreductase: where are we now? Free Radical Biology and Medicine 33 774-797
19. Hart LI, McGartoll MA, Chapman HR & Bray RC 1970 The composition of milk xanthine oxidase. Biochemical Journal 116 851-864
20. Hille R 1996 The mononuclear molybdenum enzymes. Chemical Reviews 96 2757-2816
21. Horecker BL & Kornberg A 1948 The extinction coefficients of the reduced band of pyridine nucleotides. Journal of Biological Chemistry 175 385-390
22. Keenan TW 2001 Milk lipid globules and their surrounding membrane: a brief history and perspectives for future research. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia 6 365-371
23. Keenan TW & Patton S 1995 The structure of milk: implications for sampling and storage. A. The milk lipid globule membrane. In Handbook of Milk Composition, pp. 5-50 (Ed. RG Jensen). New York: Academic Press
24. 4. Nature 227 680-685
25. Lipmann F & Owen CR 1943 The antibacterial effect of enzymatic xanthine oxidation. Science 98 246-248
26. Massey V & Harris CM 1997 Milk xanthine dehydrogenase: the first one hundred years. Biochemical Society Transactions 25 750-755
27. McManaman JL, Palmer CA, Wright RM & Neville MC 2002 Functional regulation of xanthine oxidoreductase expression and localization in the mouse mammary gland: evidence of a role in lipid secretion. Journal of Physiology 545 567-569
28. Mather IH & Keenan TW 1998 Origin and secretion of milk lipids. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia 3 259-273
29. Patton S & Keenan TW 1975 The milk fat globule membrane. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 415 273-309
30. Saksela M & Raivio KO 1996 Cloning and expression in vitro of human xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase. Biochemical Journal 315 235-239
31. Sanders SA, Eisenthal R & Harrison R 1997 NADH oxidase activity of human xanthine oxidoreductase. Generation of superoxide anion. European Journal of Biochemistry 245 541-548
32. Sato A, Nishino T, Noda K, Amaya Y & Nishino T 1995 The structure of chicken liver xanthine dehydrogenase, cDNA cloning and the domain structure. Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 2818-2826
33. Stevens CR, Millar TM, Clinch JG, Kanczler JM, Bodamyali T & Blake DR 2000 Antibacterial properties of xanthine oxidase in human milk. Lancet 356 829-830
34. Towbin H, Staehelin T & Gordon, J 1979 Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA 76 4350-4357
35. Vorbach C, Striven A & Capecchi MR 2002 The housekeeping gene xanthine oxidoreductase is necessary for milk fat droplet enveloping and secretion: gene sharing in the lactating mammary gland. Genes & Development 16 3223-3235
36. Wahl RC & Rajagopalan KV 1982 Evidence for the inorganic nature of the cyanolysable sulfur of molybdenum hydroxylases. Journal of Biological Chemistry 257 1354-1359
37. Zikakis JP, Dressel MA & Silver MR 1983 Bovine, caprine and human milk xanthine oxidases: isolation, purification and characterisation. In Instrumental Analysis of Foods, Vol. 2, pp. 243-303 (Ed. G Charalambous). Orlando: Academic Press