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1
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0141854964
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Management of hypo- and hyperthyroidism during pregnancy
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Glinoer D. Management of hypo- and hyperthyroidism during pregnancy. Growth Hormone & Igf Research 2003; 13(suppl A):S45-S54. This is a thorough and comprehensive review of the important causes and management of hyper- and hypothyroidism in pregnancy, and covered most of the important and latest reported studies on the subject.
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(2003)
Growth Hormone & Igf Research
, vol.13
, Issue.SUPPL. A
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Glinoer, D.1
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2
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0036964996
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The effect of pregnancy on thyroid nodule formation
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Kung AWC, Chau MT, Lao TT, et al. The effect of pregnancy on thyroid nodule formation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87:1010-1014.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab
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Kung, A.W.C.1
Chau, M.T.2
Lao, T.T.3
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3
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0025949962
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Pregnancy in patients with mild thyroid abnormalities: Maternal and neonatal repercussions
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Glinoer D, Soto MF, Bourdoux P, et al. Pregnancy in patients with mild thyroid abnormalities: maternal and neonatal repercussions. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 73:421-427.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab
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Glinoer, D.1
Soto, M.F.2
Bourdoux, P.3
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4
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2942536686
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The human chorionic gonadotropin molecule from patients with trophoblastic diseases has a high thyrotropic activity but is less active in the ovary
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Kato K, Mostafa MH, Mann K, et al. The human chorionic gonadotropin molecule from patients with trophoblastic diseases has a high thyrotropic activity but is less active in the ovary. Gynecol Endocrinol 2004; 18:269-277. This paper reported the investigation into the molecular variant of human chorionic gonadotropin that has a greater effect on the thyroid than on the ovary.
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(2004)
Gynecol Endocrinol
, vol.18
, pp. 269-277
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Kato, K.1
Mostafa, M.H.2
Mann, K.3
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5
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0026441349
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The role of chorionic gonadotropin in transient hyperthyroidism of hyperemesis gravidarum
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Goodwin TM, Montoro M, Mestman JH, et al. The role of chorionic gonadotropin in transient hyperthyroidism of hyperemesis gravidarum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992; 75:1333-1337.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab
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Goodwin, T.M.1
Montoro, M.2
Mestman, J.H.3
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6
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0027479020
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Gestational thyrotoxicosis and hyperemesis gravidarum: Possible role of hCG with higher stimulating activity
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Kimura M, Amino N, Tamaki H, et al. Gestational thyrotoxicosis and hyperemesis gravidarum: possible role of hCG with higher stimulating activity. Clin Endocrinol 1993; 38:345-350.
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Clin Endocrinol
, vol.38
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Kimura, M.1
Amino, N.2
Tamaki, H.3
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8
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1342284379
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Thyroid hormone alteration in pre-eclamptic women
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Larijani B, Marsoosi V, Aghakhani S, et al. Thyroid hormone alteration in pre-eclamptic women. Gynecol Endocrinol 2004; 18:97-100. The relationship between mild and severe pre-eclampsia with changes in maternal thyroid function is elucidated in this paper.
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(2004)
Gynecol Endocrinol
, vol.18
, pp. 97-100
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Larijani, B.1
Marsoosi, V.2
Aghakhani, S.3
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9
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0033584469
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Maternal thyroid deficiency during pregnancy and subsequent neuropsychological development of the child
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Haddow JE, Palomaki GE, Allan WC, et al. Maternal thyroid deficiency during pregnancy and subsequent neuropsychological development of the child. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:549-555.
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(1999)
N Engl J Med
, vol.341
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Haddow, J.E.1
Palomaki, G.E.2
Allan, W.C.3
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10
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0033071741
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Low maternal free thyroxine concentrations during early pregnancy are associated with impaired psychomotor development in early infancy
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Pop VJ, Kuijpens JL, van Baar AL, et al. Low maternal free thyroxine concentrations during early pregnancy are associated with impaired psychomotor development in early infancy. Clin Endocrinol 1999; 50:149-155.
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(1999)
Clin Endocrinol
, vol.50
, pp. 149-155
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Pop, V.J.1
Kuijpens, J.L.2
Van Baar, A.L.3
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11
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0345714814
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Biologic variation is important for interpretation of thyroid function tests
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Andersen S, Bruun NH, Pedersen KM, Laurberg P. Biologic variation is important for interpretation of thyroid function tests. Thyroid 2003; 13:1069-1078. This paper clarifies the effect of pregnancy on the interpretation of thyroid-function test results.
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(2003)
Thyroid
, vol.13
, pp. 1069-1078
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Andersen, S.1
Bruun, N.H.2
Pedersen, K.M.3
Laurberg, P.4
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12
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0042827493
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Maternal hypothyroxinaemia during early pregnancy and subsequent child development: A 3-year follow-up study
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Pop VJ, Brouwers EP, Vader HL, et al. Maternal hypothyroxinaemia during early pregnancy and subsequent child development: a 3-year follow-up study. Clin Endocrinol 2003; 59:282-288. An important report that provides clear evidence of the adverse effect of maternal hypothyroxinaemia on neuro-psychointellectual development in early childhood.
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(2003)
Clin Endocrinol
, vol.59
, pp. 282-288
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Pop, V.J.1
Brouwers, E.P.2
Vader, H.L.3
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13
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1542468321
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The thyroid during pregnancy: A physiological and pathological stress test
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Shah MS, Davies TF, Stagnaro-Green A. The thyroid during pregnancy: a physiological and pathological stress test. Minerva Endocrinologica 2003; 28:233-245. An interesting paper that explains the interaction between pregnancy and the thyroid.
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(2003)
Minerva Endocrinologica
, vol.28
, pp. 233-245
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Shah, M.S.1
Davies, T.F.2
Stagnaro-Green, A.3
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14
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3142778004
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Timing and magnitude of increases in levothyroxine requirements during pregnancy in women with hypothyroidism
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Alexander EK, Marqusee E, Lawrence J, et al. Timing and magnitude of increases in levothyroxine requirements during pregnancy in women with hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:241-249. This is an important report that provides proof of the need to increase thyroxine replacement for women with hypothyroidism during pregnancy.
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(2004)
N Engl J Med
, vol.351
, pp. 241-249
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Alexander, E.K.1
Marqusee, E.2
Lawrence, J.3
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15
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4544338676
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Low concentrations of maternal thyroxin during early gestation: A risk factor of breech presentation?
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Pop VJ, Brouwers EP, Wijnen H, et al. Low concentrations of maternal thyroxin during early gestation: a risk factor of breech presentation? Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2004; 111:925-930. A hitherto unknown phenomenon and explanation for breech presentation at term is given in this paper, although the underlying mechanism remains to be determined.
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(2004)
Br J Obstet Gynaecol
, vol.111
, pp. 925-930
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Pop, V.J.1
Brouwers, E.P.2
Wijnen, H.3
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16
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0027219059
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Antithyroid antibodies underlying thyroid abnormalities and miscarriage or pregnancy induced hypertension
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Lejeune B, Grun JP, De Nayer Ph, et al. Antithyroid antibodies underlying thyroid abnormalities and miscarriage or pregnancy induced hypertension. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993; 100:669-672.
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(1993)
Br J Obstet Gynaecol
, vol.100
, pp. 669-672
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Lejeune, B.1
Grun, J.P.2
De Nayer, Ph.3
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17
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3843104749
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Fetal loss associated with excess thyroid hormone exposure
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Anselmo J, Cao D, Karrison T, et al. Fetal loss associated with excess thyroid hormone exposure. JAMA 2004; 292:691-695. A convincing piece of evidence for the toxic effect of excess thyroxine on the fetus, using a rare genetic condition, is presented by the authors.
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(2004)
JAMA
, vol.292
, pp. 691-695
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Anselmo, J.1
Cao, D.2
Karrison, T.3
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18
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0025107457
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Detection of at-risk pregnancy by means of highly sensitive assays for thyroid autoantibodies
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Stagnaro-Green A, Roman SH, Cobin RH, et al. Detection of at-risk pregnancy by means of highly sensitive assays for thyroid autoantibodies. JAMA 1990; 264:1422-1425.
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JAMA
, vol.264
, pp. 1422-1425
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Stagnaro-Green, A.1
Roman, S.H.2
Cobin, R.H.3
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19
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3242661768
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Thyroid autoimmunity and miscarriage
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Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM. Thyroid autoimmunity and miscarriage. Eur J Endocrinol 2004; 150:751-755. This paper confirmed the relationship between thyroid antibodies and spontaneous miscarriage.
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(2004)
Eur J Endocrinol
, vol.150
, pp. 751-755
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Prummel, M.F.1
Wiersinga, W.M.2
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21
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4544239487
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A 36-year retrospective analysis of the efficacy and safety of radioactive iodine in treating young Graves' patients
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Read CH Jr, Tansey MJ, Menda Y. A 36-year retrospective analysis of the efficacy and safety of radioactive iodine in treating young Graves' patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89:4229-4233. This important report demonstrated the long-term safety of radioactive iodine on the health and reproductive performance of women treated before the age of 20.
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(2004)
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.89
, pp. 4229-4233
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Read Jr., C.H.1
Tansey, M.J.2
Menda, Y.3
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22
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3042604475
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Pregnancy outcome after diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma: No deleterious effect after radioactive iodine treatment
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Chow SM, Yau S, Lee SH, et al. Pregnancy outcome after diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma: no deleterious effect after radioactive iodine treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004; 59:992-1000. The fetal effects of maternal radioactive iodine treatment in the human cannot be determined in prospective studies for obvious reasons, and the unique experience reported in this paper provides much-needed information on this issue.
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(2004)
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
, vol.59
, pp. 992-1000
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Chow, S.M.1
Yau, S.2
Lee, S.H.3
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23
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0141633914
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Serial in utero ultrasonographic measurements of the fetal thyroid: A new complementary tool in the management of maternal hyperthyroidism in pregnancy
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Cohen O, Pinhas-Hamiel O, Sivan E, et al. Serial in utero ultrasonographic measurements of the fetal thyroid: a new complementary tool in the management of maternal hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. Pren Diagn 2003; 23:740-742. The feasibility and important experience of reliably examining the fetal thyroid by ultrasound during pregnancy as reported here would be most helpful for obstetricians in their practice.
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(2003)
Pren Diagn
, vol.23
, pp. 740-742
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Cohen, O.1
Pinhas-Hamiel, O.2
Sivan, E.3
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24
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0038115061
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Graves' disease in pregnancy: Prospective evaluation of a selective invasive treatment protocol
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Nachum Z, Rakover Y, Weiner E, Shalev E. Graves' disease in pregnancy: prospective evaluation of a selective invasive treatment protocol. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189:159-165. This paper provides evidence to support the feasibility and safety of fetal blood sampling in the assessment of thyroid function.
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(2003)
Am J Obstet Gynecol
, vol.189
, pp. 159-165
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Nachum, Z.1
Rakover, Y.2
Weiner, E.3
Shalev, E.4
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25
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0024464599
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Recovery from foetal hypothyroidism: Evidence for the safety of breast feeding while taking propylthiouracil
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Momotani N, Yamashita R, Yoshimoto M, et al. Recovery from foetal hypothyroidism: evidence for the safety of breast feeding while taking propylthiouracil. Clin Endocrinol 1989; 31:591-596.
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Clin Endocrinol
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Momotani, N.1
Yamashita, R.2
Yoshimoto, M.3
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26
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0346252501
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Intellectual development and thyroid function in children who were breast-fed by thyrotoxic mothers taking methimazole
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Azizi F, Bahrainian M, Khamseh ME, Khoshniat M. Intellectual development and thyroid function in children who were breast-fed by thyrotoxic mothers taking methimazole. J Pediatr Endocrinol 2003; 16:1239-1243. This is the only report on the long-term safety of methimazole on the offspring of mothers taking this drug while nursing.
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(2003)
J Pediatr Endocrinol
, vol.16
, pp. 1239-1243
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Azizi, F.1
Bahrainian, M.2
Khamseh, M.E.3
Khoshniat, M.4
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27
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1542285326
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Hypothyroidism
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Roberts CG, Ladenson PW. Hypothyroidism. Lancet 2004; 363:793-803. This paper provides an in-depth review of hypothyroidism and its management, the understanding of which is important for the optimal management of hypothyroid patients before and during pregnancy.
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(2004)
Lancet
, vol.363
, pp. 793-803
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Roberts, C.G.1
Ladenson, P.W.2
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28
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0036868558
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Thyroid dysfunction: Reproduction and postpartum thyroiditis
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Lazarus JH. Thyroid dysfunction: reproduction and postpartum thyroiditis. Sem Reprod Med 2002; 20:381-388.
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Sem Reprod Med
, vol.20
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Lazarus, J.H.1
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30
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0028904601
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Perinatal consequences of maternal hypothyroidism in early pregnancy and inadequate replacement
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Wasserstrum N, Anania CA. Perinatal consequences of maternal hypothyroidism in early pregnancy and inadequate replacement. Clin Endocrinol 1995; 42:353-358.
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Clin Endocrinol
, vol.42
, pp. 353-358
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Wasserstrum, N.1
Anania, C.A.2
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31
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0041695886
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Maternal hypothyroidism may affect fetal growth and neonatal thyroid function
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Blazer S, Moreh-Waterman Y, Miller-Lotan R, et al. Maternal hypothyroidism may affect fetal growth and neonatal thyroid function. Obstet Gynecol 2003; 102:232-241. This paper reminds readers of the effects of hypothyroidism on the fetus, maternal treatment notwithstanding, and implies the need for long-term follow-up studies on the neuro-psychointellectual development of the offspring of these pregnancies.
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(2003)
Obstet Gynecol
, vol.102
, pp. 232-241
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Blazer, S.1
Moreh-Waterman, Y.2
Miller-Lotan, R.3
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32
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0024413234
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Maternal-fetal transfer of thyroxine in congenital hypothyroidism due to a total organification defect in thyroid agenesis
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Vulsma T, Gons MH, de Vijlder JJM. Maternal-fetal transfer of thyroxine in congenital hypothyroidism due to a total organification defect in thyroid agenesis. N Engl J Med 1989; 321:13-16.
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N Engl J Med
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Vulsma, T.1
Gons, M.H.2
De Vijlder, J.J.M.3
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33
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9144238095
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Subclinical thyroid disease: Scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management
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Surks MI, Ortiz E, Daniels GH, et al. Subclinical thyroid disease: scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management. JAMA 2004; 291:228-238. A detailed and balanced coverage of the background and management of subclinical thyroid disease, with an emphasis on the specific situation in pregnancy, is given in this paper.
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(2004)
JAMA
, vol.291
, pp. 228-238
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Surks, M.I.1
Ortiz, E.2
Daniels, G.H.3
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34
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0037267184
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Treatment of primary hypothyroidism during pregnancy: Is there an increase in thyroxine dose requirement in pregnancy?
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Chopra IJ, Baber K. Treatment of primary hypothyroidism during pregnancy: is there an increase in thyroxine dose requirement in pregnancy? Metab Clin Exp 2003; 52:122-128. This paper explores the different needs for thyroxine replacement for hypothyroidism due to different causes in pregnant women.
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(2003)
Metab Clin Exp
, vol.52
, pp. 122-128
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Chopra, I.J.1
Baber, K.2
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