Inverse modelling of national and European CH4 emissions using the atmospheric zoom model TM5

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 5, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 2431-2460

  Bergamaschi, Peter ^a   Krol, M ^a,b   Dentener, F ^a   Vermeulen, A ^c   Meinhardt, F ^d   Graul, R ^d   Ramonet, M ^e   Peters, W ^f   Dlugokencky, E J ^f  

^a JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE   (Italy)

^b UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^c TNO   (Netherlands)

^d UMWELTBUNDESAMT   (Germany)

^e LABORATOIRE DES SCIENCES DU CLIMAT ET DE L ENVIRONNEMENT   (France)

^f NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; EMISSION INVENTORY; METHANE;

EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; EUROPE; WORLD;

EID: 15544387247     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Bartholomé, E., and Belward, A. S.: GLC2000: a new approach to global land cover mapping from Earth Observation data, International Journal of Remote Sensing, in press, 2005.
2. Bergamaschi, P., Behrend, H., and Jol, A. (Eds.): Inverse modelling of national and EU greenhouse gas emission inventories - report of the workshop "Inverse modelling for potential verification of national and EU bottom-up GHG inventories" under the mandate of the Monitoring Mechanism Committee WG-1 23-24 October 2003, JRC, Ispra, 144, EUR 21099 EN/ISBN 92-894-7455-6, European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, 2004.
3. Bergamaschi, P., Bräunlich, M., Marik, T, and Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M.: Measurements of the carbon and hydrogen isotopes of atmospheric methane at Izana, Tenerife: Seasonal cycles and synoptic-scale variations, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D11), 14 531-14 546, 2000.
4. Berkvens, P. J. F., Botchev, M. A., Lioen, W. M., and Verwer, J. G.: A zooming technique for wind transport of air pollution, 31, Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica, 1999.
5. 2 sources and sinks: 1. Method and control inversion, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D21), 26 161-26 178, 1999a.
6. 2 sources and sinks: 2. Sensitivity study, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D21), 26 179-26 193, 1999b.
7. Bouttier, F. and Courtier, P.: Data assimilation concepts and methods, ECMWF, Reading, 1999.
8. Brühl, C. and Crutzen, P. J.: The MPIC 2D model, in: NASA Ref. Publ. 1292, 1, 103-104, 1993.
9. Buchwitz, M., de Beek, R., Noël, S., Burrows, J. P., Bovensmann, H., Bremer, H., Bergamaschi, P, Körner, S., Heimann, M.: Carbon monoxide, methane and carbon dioxide columns retrieved from SCIAMACHY by WFM-DOAS: year 2003 initial data set, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 5, 1943-1971, 2005, SRef-ID: 1680-7375/acpd/2005-5-1943.
10. 4 lifetime as a measure for OH changes in the 1979-1993 time period, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D15), 4442, doi:10.1029/2002JD002916, 2003a.
11. Dentener, E, van Weele, M., Krol, M., Houweling, S., and van Velthoven, P.: Trends and inter-annual variability of methane emissions derived from 1979-1993 global CTM simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 73-88, 2003b, SRef-ID: 1680-7324/acp/2003-3-73.
12. Dlugokencky, E. J., Steele, L. P., Lang, P. M., and Masarie, K. A.: The growth rate and distribution of atmospheric methane, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 17 021-17 043, 1994.
13. Dlugokencky, E. J., Steele, L. P., Lang, P. M., and Masarie, K. A.: Atmospheric methane at Mauna Loa and Barrow observatories: Presentation and analysis of in situ measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 23 103-23 113, 1995.
14. Dlugokencky, E. J., Houweling, S., Bruhwiler, L., Masarie, K. A., Lang, P. M., Miller, J. B., and Tans, P. P.: Atmospheric methane levels off: Temporary pause or a new steady-state?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(19), 1992, doi: 10. 1029/2003GL018126, 2003.
15. ECMWF, IFS documentation, http://www.ecmwf.int/research/ifsdocs/, 2002.
16. EEA: Global Land Cover 2000; Version 12/2000 extended coverage; http:// dataservice.eea.eu.int/dataservice/metadetails.asp?id=571, European Environment Agency, 2000.
17. EEA: Annual European Community greenhouse gas inventory 1990-2001 and inventory report 2003, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, 2003.
18. EEA: Annual European Community greenhouse gas inventory 1990-2002 and inventory report 2004, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, 2004.
19. 2 from space exploiting planned missions 2001-2004, in: Inverse modelling of national and EU greenhouse gas emission inventories - report of the workshop "Inverse modelling for potential verification of national and EU bottom-up GHG inventories" under the mandate of Monitoring Mechanism Committee WG-1 23-24 October 2003, JRC Ispra, EUR 21099 EN/ ISBN 92-894-7455-6, edited by: Bergamaschi, P., Behrend, H., and Jol, A., 59-64, European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, 2004.
20. Enting, I. G.: Green's function methods of tracer inversion, in: Inverse methods in global biogeochemical cycles, edited by: Kasibhatla, P., Heimann, M., Rayner, P., Mahowald, N., Prinn, R. G., and Hartley, D. E., 19-31, American Geophysical Union, Washington D.C., 2000.
21. Frankenberg, C., Meirink, J. F., van Weele, M., Platt, U., and Wagner, T.: Assessing Methane Emissions from Global Space-Borne Observations, Science, 308, 1010-1014, 2005.
22. Fung, I., John, J., Lemer, J., Matthews, E., Prather, M., Steele, L. P., and Fraser, P. J.: Three-dimensional model synthesis of the global methane cycle, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 13 033-13 065, 1991.
23. Goede, A. P. H., Meirink, J. F, Eskes, H., van Weele, M., Burrows, J. P., Buchwitz, M., Monks, P. S., Remeios, J. J., Corlett, G. K., Platt, U., Wagner, T., Stordal, F., Pacyna, J. M., Aben, I., Heimann, M., De Maziere, M., Muller, J.-F., Granier, C., Meyrahn, H., Zander, R., and Bergamaschi, P.: Global Satellite Observation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions - EVERGREEN, in: 34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Houston, 2002.
24. Gugele, B., Huttunen, K., and Ritter, M.: Annual European Community greenhouse gas inventory 1990-2001 and inventory report 2003, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, 2003.
25. 2 sources and sinks using atmospheric transport models, Nature, 415, 626-630, 2002.
26. Heimann, M. and Kaminski, T.: Inverse modeling approaches to infer surface trace gas fluxes from observed atmospheric mixing ratios, Approaches to scaling of trace gas fluxes in ecosystems, in: Approaches to scaling of trace gas fluxes in ecosystems, edited by: Bouwman, A. F., 275-295, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1999.
27. Hein, R., Crutzen, P. J., and Heimann, M.: An inverse modeling approach to investigate the global atmospheric methane cycle, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 11, 43-76, 1997.
28. Holtslag, A. A. M. and Moeng, C.-H.: Eddy diffusivity and countergradient transport in the convective atmospheric boundary layer, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1690-1698, 1991.
29. Houweling, S., Dentener, F., and Lelieveld, J.: The impact of nonmethane hydrocarbon compounds on tropospheric photochemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D9), 10 673-10 696, 1998.
30. Houweling, S., Kaminski, T., Dentener, F., Lelieveld, J., and Heimann, M.: Inverse modeling of methane sources and sinks using the adjoint of a global transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D21), 26 137-26 160, 1999.
31. Houweling, S., Dentener, F. J., and Lelieveld, J.: Simulation of preindustrial atmospheric methane to constrain the global source strength of natural wetlands, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17 243-17 255, 2000.
32. IPCC: Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs1.htm, 1996.
33. IPCC: Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, 2000.
34. IPCC: Climate Change 2001: The scientific basis, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
35. Kaminski, T, Heimann, M., and Giering, T.: A coarse grid three dimensional global inverse model of the atmospheric transport, 1, Adjoint Model and Jacobian Matrix, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D15), 18 535-18 553, 1999a.
36. 2 in the 1980s, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D15), 18 555-18 581, 1999b.
37. Kaminski, T., Rayner, P. J., Heimann, M., and Enting, I. G.: On aggregation errors in atmospheric transport inversions, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D5), 4703-4715, 2001.
38. Klaassen, G., Amann, M., Berglund, C., Cofala, J., Hoeglund-Isaksson, L., Heyes, C., Mechler, R., Tohka, A., Schoepp, W., and Winiwarter, W.: The extension of the RAINS model to greenhouse gases, 134, International Institute for Applied System Analysis, Laxenburg, 2004.
39. Krol, M. C., Lelieveld, J., Oram, D. E., Sturrock, G. A., Penkett, S. A., Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., Gros, V., Williams, J., and Scheeren, H. A.: Continuing emissions of methyl chloroform from Europe, Nature, 421, 131-135, 2003.
40. Krol, M. C., Houweling, S., Bregman, B., van den Broeck, M., Segers, A., van Velthoven, P., Peters, W., Dentener, F., and Bergamaschi, P.: The two-way nested global chemistry-transport zoom model TM5: algorithm and applications, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 417-432, 2005, SRef-ID: 1680-7324/ acp/2005-5-417.
41. Lelieveld, J., Crutzen, P. J., and Dentener, F. J.: Changing concentration, lifetime and climate forcing of atmospheric methane, Tellus B, 50, 128-150, 1998.
42. Levin, I., Glatzel-Mattheier, H., Marik, T., Cuntz, M., and Schmidt, M.: Verification of German methane emission inventories and their recent changes based on atmospheric observations, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D3), 3447-3456, 1999.
43. Li, Y.-F.: Global population distribution (1990), Terrestrial area and country name information on a one by one degree grid cell basis, http:// cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/db1016/, CDIAC, 1996.
44. Louis, J. F.: A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere, Boundary Layer Meteorology, 17, 187-202, 1979.
45. Manning, A. J.: Estimating European emissions of greenhouse gases, in: Inverse modelling of national and EU greenhouse gas emission inventories - report of the workshop "Inverse modelling for potential verification of national and EU bottom-up GHG inventories" under the mandate of Monitoring Mechanism Committee WG-1 23-24 October 2003, JRC Ispra, EUR 21099 EN/ISBN 92-894-7455-6, edited by: Bergamaschi, P., Behrend, H., and Jol, A., European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, 2004.
46. Manning, A. J., Ryall, D. B., Derwent, R. G., Simmonds, P. G., and O'Doherty, S.: Estimating European emissions of ozonedepleting and greenhouse gases using observations and a modeling back-attribution technique, J. Geophys. Res., 108(DI4), 4405, doi:10.1029/2002JD002312, 2003.
47. Matthews, E., and Fung, I.: Methane emissions from natural wetlands: Global distribution, area, and environmental characteristics of sources, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 1, 61-86, 1987.
48. Matthews, E., Fung, I., and Lerner, J.: Methane emission from rice cultivation: Geographic and seasonal distribution of cultivated areas and emissions, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 5, 3-24, 1991.
49. Meirink, J. F., Goede, A., and Partners, E.: EVERGREEN - Global satellite observations of greenhouse gas emissions, in: Inverse modelling of national and EU greenhouse gas emission inventories - report of the workshop "Inverse modelling for potential verification of national and EU bottom-up GHG inventories" under the mandate of Monitoring Mechanism Committee WG-1 23-24 October 2003, JRC Ispra, EUR 21099 EN/ISBN 92894-7455-6, edited by: Bergamaschi, P., Behrend, H., and Jol, A., 37-40, European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, 2004.
50. 12C isotopic ratios: 1. Inverse modelling of source processes, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 18, doi:10.1029/2004GB002223, 2004a.
51. 4 fluxes from geographical regions, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 18, doi:10.1029/ 2004GB002224, 2004b.
52. Minkkinen, K., Korhonen, R., and Savolainen, I.: Carbon balance and radiative forcing of Finnish peatlands 1900-2100 - the impact of forestry drainage, Global Change Biology, 8, 785-799, 2002.
53. Olivier, J. G. J. and Berdowski, J. J. M.: Global emissions sources and sinks, in: The climate system, edited by: Berdowski, J. J. M., Guicherit, R., Heij, B. J., and Balkema, A. A., Publishers/Swets & Zeitlinger Publishers, Lisse, The Netherlands, 2001.
54. 6, J. Geophys. Res., 109, doi:10.1029/2004JD005020, 2004.
55. Prinn, R., Cunnold, D., Rasmussen, R., Simmonds, P, Alyea, F, Crawford, A., Fraser, P., and Rosen, R.: Atmospheric Emissions and Trends of Nitrous Oxide Deduced From 10 Years of ALEGAGE Data, J. Geophys. Res., 95(D11), 18 369-18 385, 1990.
56. Prinn, R. G., Weiss, R. F., Fraser, P. J., Simmonds, P. G., Cunnold, D. M., Alyea, E N., O'Doherty, S., Salameh, P., Miller, B. R., Huang, J., Wang, R. H. J., Hartley, D. E., Harth, C., Steele, L. P., Sturrock, G., Midgely, P. M., and McCulloch, A.: A history of chemically and radiatively important gases in air deduced from ALE/GAGE/AGAGE, J. Geophys. Res., 115, 17 751-17 792, 2000.
57. 2 flux history 1982-2001 inferred from atmospheric data using a global inversion of atmospheric transport, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1919-1964, 2003, SRef-ID: 1680-7324/acp/2003-3-1919.
58. Roemer, M., van Loon, M., and Boersen, G.: Methane emission verification on a national scale, TNO, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands, 2000.
59. Russell, G. L. and Lerner, J. A.: A new finite-differencing scheme for the tracer transport equation, J. Appl. Meteor., 20, 1483-1498, 1981.
60. Ryall, D. B., Derwent, R. G., Manning, A. J., Simmonds, P. G., and O'Doherty, S.: Estimating source regions of European emissions of trace gases from observations at Mace Head, Atmos. Environ., 35, 2507-2523, 2001.
61. Tarantola, A. and Valette, B.: Generalized nonlinear inverse problems solved using the least square criterion, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 20, 219-232, 1982.
62. Tiedtke, M.: A comprehensive mass flux scheme for cumulus parameterization in large-scale models, Monthly Weather Review, 117, 1779-1800, 1987.
63. UBA: Deutsches Treibhausgasinventar 1990-2002: Nationaler Inventarbericht 2004 - Berichterstattung unter der Klimarahmenkonvention der Vereinten Nationen, pp. 398 pp, Umweltbundesamt, Berlin, 2004.
64. Vermeulen, A., Eisma, R., Hensen, A., and Slanina, J.: Transport model calculations of NW European methane emissions, Env. Sci. & Policy, 2, 315-324, 1999.
65. Walter, B. P. and Heimann, M.: A process-based, climate-sensitive model to derive methane emissions from natural wetlands: Application to five wetland sites, sensitivity to model parameters, and climate, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 14, 3, 745-765, 2000.
66. Walter, B. P., Heimann, M., and Matthews, E.: Modeling modern methane emissions from natural wetlands 1. Model description and results, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 34 189-34 206, 2001a.
67. Walter, B. P., Heimann, M., and Matthews, E.: Modeling modern methane emissions from natural wetlands 2. Interannual variations 1982-1993, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 34 207-34 217, 2001b.
68. WMO: Global Atmospheric Watch World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases, 92, Japan Meteorological Agency in co-operation with World Meteorological Organisation, 2003.