Zinc pyrithione in alcohol-based products for skin antisepsis: Persistence of antimicrobial effects

American Journal of Infection Control

Volumn 33, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 15-22

  Guthery, Eugene ^a   Seal, Lawton A ^a   Anderson, Edward L ^a  

^a Healthpoint Ltd   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; ASPERGILLIC ACID; CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE; COSMETIC; FUNGICIDE; IODINE; IODOPHOR; LANACANE; N HYDROXY 2 PYRIDINETHIONE; PRESERVATIVE; PYRIDINE 1 OXIDE; PYRITHIONE ZINC; SULFANILAMIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ALCOHOL DERIVATIVE; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND; PYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; TOPICAL ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ANTISEPSIS; CONJUNCTIVA DISEASE; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG SOLUBILITY; DRUG STRUCTURE; EYE TOXICITY; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; SKIN IRRITATION; SKIN SENSITIZATION; UNITED STATES; ANIMAL; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CHEMISTRY;

ALCOHOLS; ANIMALS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, LOCAL; HUMANS; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; PRESERVATIVES, PHARMACEUTICAL; PYRIDINES;

EID: 15544377431     PISSN: 01966553     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2004.07.012     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. D.W. Hobson, W. Woller, L. Anderson, and E. Guthery Development and evaluation of a new alcohol-based surgical hand scrub formulation with persistent antimicrobial characteristics and brushless application Am J Infect Control 26 1998 507 512
2. D.W. Hobson, and D.S. Seal Antimicrobial body washes D.S. Paulson Handbook of topical antimicrobials: industrial applications in consumer products and pharmaceuticals 2003 Marcel Dekker New York 221 240
3. D.W. Hobson, and L.A. Seal Brushless surgical scrubbing and handwashing D.S. Paulson Handbook of topical antimicrobials: industrial applications in consumer products and pharmaceuticals 2003 Marcel Dekker New York 167 180
4. Food and Drug Administration. 21 CFR Parts 333 and 369. Tentative final monograph for health-care antiseptic drug products: proposed rule. Federal Regulation Part III. (June 17, 1994). p. 31402-52.
5. L. Seal, and D. Paul-Cheadle A systems approach to preoperative surgical patient skin preparation Am J Infect Control 32 2004 57 62
6. G.A. Ayliffe Surgical scrub and skin disinfection Am J Infect Control 5 1984 23 27
7. E.L. Larson APIC guidelines for infection control practice: guideline for use of topical antimicrobial agents Am J Infect Control 16 1988 253 266
8. M.L. Rotter Alcohols for antisepsis of hands and skin J.M. Ascenzi Handbook of disinfectants and antiseptics 1996 Marcel Dekker New York 177 233
9. J.M. Boyce, and D. Pittet Guideline for hand hygiene in the health care setting Am J Infect Control 30 2002 S1 S46
10. G. McDonnell, and A.D. Russell Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance Clin Microbiol Rev 12 1999 147 179
11. E.B. Walker Quaternary ammonium compounds D. Paulson Handbook of topical antimicrobials: industrial applications in consumer products and pharmaceuticals 2003 Marcel Dekker New York 99 116
12. A.J. Mangram, T.C. Horan, M.L. Pearson, L.C. Silver, and W.R. Jarvis Guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 20 1999 247 278
13. W.A. Lott, and E. Shaw Analogs of aspergillic acid. II. Various antibacterial heterocyclic hydroxamic acids J Am Chem Soc 71 January 1949 70 73
14. E. Shaw, J. Bernstein, K. Losee, and W.A. Lott Analogs of aspergillic acid. IV. Substituted 2-bromopyridine-N-oxides and their conversion to cyclic thiohydroxamic acids J Am Chem Soc 72 1950 4362 4364
15. United States Patent 2,734,903.
16. F.E. Pansy, H. Stander, W.L. Koerber, and R. Donovick In vitro studies with 1-hydroxy-2 (1H) pyridinethione Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 82 1953 122 124
17. Cox AJ. Pyridine N-oxides and their uses. Manufacturing Chemist October 1957.
18. J.D. Nelson, and G.A. Hyde Sodium and zinc omadine as cosmetic preservatives Cosmetics and Toiletries 96 1981 87 90
19. B.L. Barnett, H.C. Kretschmar, and F.A. Hartman Structural characterization of Bis (n-oxopyridine-2-thionato) zinc (II) Inorg Chem 16 1977 1834 1838
20. Olin Chemicals product data: Zinc Omadine and Sodium Omadine antimicrobial agents; 1993.
21. F.H. Snyder, E.V. Buehler, and C.L. Winek Safety evaluation of zinc 2-pyridinethiol 1-oxide in a shampoo formulation Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 7 1965 425 437
22. J. Van Cutsem, F.V. Gerven, J. Fransen, P. Schrooten, and P.A.J. Janssen The in vitro antifungal activity of ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, and selenium sulfide against Pityrosporum and their efficacy as a shampoo in the treatment of experimental pityrosporosis in guinea pigs J Am Acad Dermatol 22 1990 993 998
23. Food and Drug Administration. 21 CFR Parts 348 and 358. Dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis drug products for over-the-counter human use: tentative final monograph. Federal Regulation (July 30, 1986).
24. D.L. Opdyke, C.M. Burnett, and E.W. Brauer Anti-seborrhoeic qualities of zinc pyrithione in a cream vehicle. II. Safety evaluation Food Cosmetic Toxicol 5 1967 321 331
25. J. Faergemann, and T. Fredriksson An open trial of the effect of a zinc pyrithione shampoo in tinea versicolor Dermatology 25 1980 667 668
26. C.E. Crutchfield, E.J. Lewis, and B.D. Zelickson The highly effective use of topical zinc pyrithione in the treatment of psoriasis Dermatol Online J 3 1997 3 5
27. Olin Chemicals product data: Omadine antimicrobials for cosmetic preservation: combine broad spectrum antimicrobial activity and wide compatibility with cosmetic ingredients; 1993.
28. W.B. Gibson, and G. Calvin Percutaneous absorption of zinc pyridinethione in monkeys Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 43 1978 425 437
29. J.J. Parran Deposition on the skin of particles of antimicrobial agents from detergent bases J Invest Dermatol 45 1965 86 88
30. J.H. Wedig, and H.I. Maibach Percutaneous penetration of dipyrithione in man: effect of skin color (race) J Am Acad Dermatol 5 1981 433 438
31. J.G. Black, and D. Howes Toxicity of pyrithiones Clin Toxicol 31 1978 1 26
32. D.S. Paulson Current topical antimicrobials D.S. Paulson Topical antimicrobial testing and evaluation 1999 Marcel Dekker New York 53 59
33. D.S. Paulson Chlorhexidine gluconate D.S. Paulson Handbook of topical antimicrobials: industrial applications in consumer products and pharmaceuticals 2003 Marcel Dekker New York 117 122
34. A. Rosenberg, S.D. Alatary, and A.F. Peterson Safety and efficacy of the antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate Surg Gynecol Obstet 143 1976 789 792
35. C.J. Chandler, and I.H. Segel Mechanism of the antibacterial action of pyrithione: effects on membrane transport, ATP levels and protein synthesis Antimicrob Agents Chemother 14 1978 60 68
36. S.A. Friedman Studies on the mode of antimicrobial action of metal complexing thiohydroxamic acids against Escherichia coli [PhD thesis] 1981 University of San Diego San Diego (CA)
37. M.M. Khattar, W.G. Salt, and J.R. Stretton The influence of pyrithione on the growth of microorganisms J Appl Bacteriol 64 1988 265 272
38. M.M. Khattar, W.G. Salt, and J.R. Stretton Growth and survival of Klebsiella pneumoniae in the presence of pyrithione J Chromatogr 1 1989 224 226
39. E. Ermolayeva, and D. Sanders Mechanism of pyrithione-induced membrane depolarization in Neurospora crassa Appl Environ Microbiol 61 1995 33 90
40. P. Gilbert, J. Barber, and J. Ford Interaction of biocides with model membranes and isolated membrane fragments S.P. Denyer W.B. Hugo Mechanism of action of chemical biocides 1991 Blackwell Scientific Publications Oxford 55 170
41. F.M. Harold Conservation and transformation of energy by bacterial membranes Bacteriol Rev 36 1972 172 320
42. A.J. Dinning, I.S.I. Al-Adham, I.M. Eastwood, P. Austin, and P.J. Collier Pyrithione biocides as inhibitors of bacterial ATP synthesis J Appl Microbiol 85 1998 141 146
43. A.J. Dinning, I.S.I. Al-Adham, P. Austin, M. Charlton, and P.J. Collier Pyrithione biocide interactions with bacterial phospholipid head groups J Appl Microbiol 85 1998 132 140
44. A. Albert, C.W. Rees, and A.J.H. Tomlinson The influence of chemical constitution on anti-bacterial activity. Part VIII. 2-Mercaptopyridine-N-oxide, and some general observations on metal binding agents Br J Exp Pathol 37 1956 500 511
45. J.J. Leyden, R. Stewart, and A.M. Kligman Updated in vivo methods for evaluating topical antimicrobial agents on human skin J Invest Dermatol 72 1979 165 170
46. T. Rutherford, and J.G. Black The use of autoradiography to study the localization of germicides in skin Br J Dermatol 81 Suppl 4 1969 75 86
47. J.J. Parran, and R.E. Brinkman The effect of human skin surface lipids upon the activity of antimicrobial agents J Invest Dermatol 65 1965 89 92
48. B.J. Gruendemann, and N.B. Bjerke Is it time for brushless scrubbing with an alcohol-based agent? AORN J 74 2001 859 873
49. D.S. Paulson Efficacy evaluation of a 4% chlorhexidine gluconate solution as a full body shower wash Am J Infect Control 21 1993 205 209
50. American Society for Test Materials (ASTM) Method E 1052-96, a standard test method for efficacy of antimicrobial agents against viruses in suspension.