Keratoacanthoma: A Clinico-Pathologic Enigma

Dermatologic Surgery

Volumn 30, Issue 2 II, 2004, Pages 326-333

  Schwartz, Robert A ^a   Humphreys, Tatyana ^b  

^a RUTGERS NEW JERSEY MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b UMD New Jersey Medical School ^*

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA2A INTERFERON; BLEOMYCIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; ETRETINATE; FLUOROURACIL; IMIQUIMOD; METHOTREXATE; SOLASODINE; TRIAMCINOLONE;

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT DISORDER; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER PREVENTION; CANCER SURGERY; CARCINOGENESIS; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; CHEMOSURGERY; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CREAM; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG FORMULATION; FAMILIAL CANCER; GENE; HUMAN; KERATOACANTHOMA; MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MISMATCH REPAIR; MUIR TORRE SYNDROME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA;

EID: 1542318591     PISSN: 10760512     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00042728-200402002-00015     Document Type: Review

References (120)

1. Schwartz RA. Keratoacanthoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;30:1-19.
2. Schwartz RA. Keratoacanthoma. In: Chu AC, Edelson RL, eds. Malignant Tumors of the Skin. London: Chapman & Hall, 1999:96-118.
3. Schwartz RA, Błaszczyk M, Jablonska S. Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma of Grzybowski: follow-up of the original description and 50-year retrospect. Dermatology 2002;205:348-52.
4. Kwittken J. Dermatologic pseudobenignities. Mt Sinai J Med 1980;47:34-7.
5. Hutchinson J. Morbid growths and tumours: 1: the "crateriform ulcer of the face," a form of acute epithelial cancer. Trans Pathol Soc London 1889;40:275-81.
6. Hutchinson J. A Peculiar Form of Cancer of the Skin: Illustrations of Clinical Surgery Consisting of Plates, Photographs, Woodcuts, Diagrams, Etc. Illustrating Surgical Diseases, Symptoms and Accidents also Operative and Other Methods of Treatment with Descriptive Letterpress. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston & Son, 1888, vol. 1, Plate 92.
7. Rook A, Whimster I. Keratoacanthoma: a thirty year retrospect. Br J Dermatol 1979;100:41-7.
8. Rook A, Whimster I. Le kérato-acanthome. Arch Belg Dermatol Syphiligr 1950;6:137-46.
9. Ferguson Smith J. A case of multiple primary squamous-celled carcinomata of the skin in a young man, with spontaneous healing. Br J Dermatol Syphil 1934;46:267-72.
10. Grzybowski M. A case of peculiar generalized epithelial tumours of the skin. Br J Dermatol Syphil 1950;62:310-3.
11. Haas N, Schadendorf D, Henz BM, Fuchs PG. Nine-year follow-up of a case of Grzybowski type multiple keratoacanthomas and failure to demonstrate human papillomavirus. Br J Dermatol 2002;147:793-6.
12. Miedziński F. Keratoacanthoma as a pathogenetic and clinico-histological problem, its 40th anniversary. Postepy Dermatol (Poznan) 1990;7:61-70.
13. Miedziński F, Kozakiewicz J. Das Keratoakanthoma centrifugum: eine besondere Varietät des Keratoakanthoms. Hautarzt 1962;13:348-52.
14. Dabska M, Madejczykowa A. Rogowiak kolczastokomórkowy: keratoacanthoma (molluscum sebaceum, molluscum pseudocarcinomatosum). Studium patologiczno-kliniczne. Nowotwory 1959;9:1-23.
15. Szepietowski J. Stany przednowotworowe, rzekomonowotworowe i raki in situ. In: Szepietowski J, ed. Leczenie Chorsb Sksry I Chorsb Przenoszonych Droga Plciowa. PZWL: Warszawa, 2002:337-348.
16. Kwittken J. A histologic chronology of the clinical course of the keratocarcinoma (so-called keratoacanthoma). Mt Sinai J Med 1975;42:127-35.
17. Sullivan JJ. Keratoacanthoma: the Australian experience. Australas J Dermatol 1997;38(Suppl 1):S36-S39.
18. Dufresne RG, Marrero GM, Robinson-Bostom L. Seasonal presentation of keratoacanthomas in Rhode Island. Br J Dermatol 1997;136:227-9.
19. Goudie DR, Yuille MAR, Leversha MA, et al. Multiple self-healing squamous epitheliomata (ESS1) mapped to chromosome 9q22-q31 in families with common ancestry. Nat Genet 1993;3:165-9.
20. Ghadially FN, Barton BW, Kerridge DF. The etiology of keratoacanthoma. Cancer 1963;16:603-11.
21. Grevelhöster T, Micke O, Hampel G, Schönekaes K, Willich N. Hochdosierte multimodale Radiotherapie konfluierend-destruierend wachsender, aggregierter Keratoakanthome Zwei Falldarstellungen. Strahlenther Onkol 1996;172:395-400.
22. Cherif F, Mebazaa A, Kort R, et al. Kératoacanthomes centifuges marginés multiples. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2002;129:413-5.
23. Spieth K, Gille J, Kaufmann R. Intralesional methotrexate as effective treatment in solitary giant keratoacanthoma of the lower lip. Dermatology 2000;200:317-9.
24. Santoso-Pham JC, Shelley ED, Shelley WB. Aggressive giant keratoacanthoma of the face treated with intramuscular methotrexate and triamcinolone acetonide. Cutis 1997;59:329-32.
25. Baran R, Mikhail G, Costini B, Tosti A, Goettmann-Bonvallot S. Distal digital keratoacanthoma: two cases with a review of the literature. Dermatol Surg 2001;27:575-9.
26. Habel G, O'Regan B, Eissing A, et al. Intra-oral keratoacanthoma: an eruptive variant and review of the literature. Br Dental J 1991;170:336-9.
27. Kumar V, Kumar H, Thappa D, Ramakar C. Multiple keratoacanthoma with neonatal onset in a girl. Pediatr Dermatol 1999;16:411-2.
28. Agarwal M, Chander R, Karmakar S, Walia R. Multiple familial keratoacanthoma of Witten and Zak: a report of three siblings. Dermatology 1999;198:396-9.
29. Schwartz RA. Multiple persistent keratoacanthomas. Oncology 1979;36:281-5.
30. Hundeiker M, Otto H, Gerozissis C. Plattenepithelkarzinom oder keratoakanthom? Internist Prax 1990;30:329-34.
31. Schwartz RA, Torre D. The Muir-Torre syndrome: a 25-year retrospect. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;33:90-104.
32. Schwartz RA. The keratoacanthoma: a review. J Surg Oncol 1979;12:305-17.
33. Schwartz RA, Burgess GH. Florid cutaneous papillomatosis. Arch Dermatol 1978;114:1803-6.
34. Beer GM, Widder W, Cierpka K, et al. Malignant tumors associated with nevus sebaceous: therapeutic consequences. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1999;23:224-7.
35. Wilkinson SM, Tan CY, Smith AG. Keratoacanthoma arising within organoid naevi. Clin Exp Dermatol 1991;16:58-60.
36. Gewirtzman A, Meirson DH, Rabinoviz H. Eruptive keratoacanthomas following carbon dioxide laser resurfacing. Dermatol Surg 1999;25:666-8.
37. Shaw JC, Storrs FJ, Everts E. Multiple keratoacanthomas after megavoltage radiation therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990;23:1009-11.
38. Okuyama R, Takahashi K, Ohi T, Tagami H. Keratoacanthoma developing in prurigo nodularis treated with cryosurgery. Dermatology 1997;194:290-2.
39. Paul MA, Stonecipher MR, Abernethy J, et al. Multiple keratoacanthomas in hypertrophic lichen planus: treatment with systemic retinoids (etretinate). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1994;3:320-5.
40. Karaka M, Homan S, Baba M, et al. Reactive multiple keratoacanthoma in a patient with chronic renal insufficiency. Br J Dermatol 2001;145:846-7.
41. Tamir G, Morgenstern S, Ben-Amitay D, Okon E, Hauben DJ. Synchronous appearance of keratoacanthomas in burn scar and skin graft donor site shortly after injury. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;40:870-1.
42. Stevanović D, Krunić A. Keratoacanthoma: a dangerous trap. In: Panconesi E., ed. Dermatology in Europe. Proceedings of the 1st Congress of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Florence, Italy 25-28 September, 1989. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1991:390-2.
43. Furukawa M, Hamada T, Shibata H, et al. Keratoacanthoma ensuing from bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia. Osaka City Med J 1992;38:83-8.
44. Poleksic S, Yeung K.-Y. Rapid development of keratoacanthoma and accelerated transformation into squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: a mutagenic effect of polychemotherapy in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. Cancer 1970;41:12-6.
45. Ghadially FN. The role of the hair follicle in the origin and evolution of some cutaneous neoplasms of man and experimental animals. Cancer 1961;14:801-16.
46. Cribier B, Asch P-H, Grosshans E. Differentiating squamous cell carcinoma from keratoacanthoma using histopathological criteria: is it possible? A study 296 of cases. Dermatology 1999;199:208-12.
47. Milewski B, Chorzelski T. Vergleichende histologische und histochemische Untersuchungen von Keratoakanthomen und höber differenzierten spinocellulären Epitheliomen. Hautarzt 1962;13:7-12.
48. Kannon G, Park HK. Utility of peanut agglutinin (PNA) in the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma. Am J Dermatopathol 1990;12:31-6.
49. Schwartz RA, Nemanic MK, Elias PM. Identification of basal cell carcinomas by fluorescent lectin staining of a tumor-specific disaccharide [abstract]. Clin Res 1981;29:285A.
50. Yus ES, Simon P, Requena L, Ambrojo P, de Eusebio E. Solitary keratoacanthoma: a self-healing proliferation that frequently becomes malignant. Am J Dermatopathol 2000;22:305-10.
51. Asch P-H, Basset P, Roos M, et al. Expression of stromelysin 3 in keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Dermatopathol 1999;21:146-50.
52. Philips P, Helm KF. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen distribution in keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma. J Cutan Pathol 1993;20:424-8.
53. Tsuji T. Keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma: study of PCNA and Le(Y) expression. J Cutan Pathol 1997;24:409-15.
54. Zalewska-Kubicka L, Mikulska D, Nowak A. The ultrastructure of squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma with morphological characterization of the mast cells. Dermatol Klin Zab (Wroclaw) 2001;3(Suppl 1):182.
55. Peris K, Magrini F, Keller G, et al. Analysis of microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity in keratoacanthoma. Arch Dermatol Res 1997;289:185-8.
56. Pilch H, Weiss J, Heubner C, Heine M. Differential diagnosis of keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas: diagnostic value of DNA image cytometry and p53 expression. J Cutan Pathol 1994;21:507-13.
57. Waring AJ, Takata M, Rehman I, Rees JL. Loss of heterozygosity analysis of keratoacanthoma reveals multiple differences from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1996;73:649-53.
58. Skálová A, Michal M. Pattern of cell proliferation in keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Dermatopathol 1995;17:332-4.
59. Cain CT, Niemann TH, Argenyi ZB. Keratoacanthoma versus squamous cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical reappraisal of p53 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in keratoacanthoma-like tumors. Am J Dermatopathol 1995;17:324-31.
60. Biesterfeld S, Josef J. Differential diagnosis of keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the epidermis by MIB-1 immunohistometry. Anticancer Res 2002;22:3019-23.
61. Melendez ND, Smoller BR, Morgan M. VCAM (CD-106) and ICAM (CD-54) adhesion molecules distinguish keratoacanthomas from cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. Mod Pathol 2003;16:8-13.
62. Tran T-A, Ross JS, Sheehan CE, Carlson JA. Comparison of oncostatin M expression in keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2000;12:427-32.
63. Takeda H, Kondo S. Differences between squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma in angiotensin type-1 receptor expression. Am J Pathol 2001;158:1633-7.
64. Mukunyadzi P, Sanderson RD, Fan C-Y, Smoller BR. The level of syndecan-1 expression is a distinguishing feature in behavior between keratoacanthoma and invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2002;15:45-9.
65. Machin P, Catasus L, Pons C, et al. Microsatellite instability and immunostaining for MSH-2 and MLH-1 in cutaneous and internal tumors from patients with the Muir-Torre syndrome. J Cutan Pathol 2002;29:415-20.
66. Hodak E, Jones RE, Ackerman AB, et al. Controversies in dermatopathology: solitary keratoacanthoma is a squamous-cell carcinoma: three examples with metastases with responses by Grant-Kels JM, From L, Reed RJ, et al. Am J Dermatopathol 1993;15:332-52.
67. Jackson IT. Diagnostic problem of keratoacanthoma. Lancet 1969;1:490-492.
68. Reed RJ. Response of R.J. Reed to "Solitary keratoacanthoma is a squamous-cell carcinoma: three examples with metastases". Am J Dermatopathol 1993;15:347-51.
69. Requena L, Romero E, Sanchez M, Ambrojo P, Sánchez Yus F. Aggressive keratoacanthoma of the eyelid: "malignant" keratoacanthoma or squamous cell carcinoma. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1990;16:564-8.
70. Godbolt AM, Sullivan JJ, Weedon D. Keratoacanthoma with perineural invasion: a report of 40 cases. Australas J Dermatol 2001;42:168-71.
71. Melato M, Cecovini G, Perazza L, Grandi G. Perineural invasion in solitary keratoacanthoma: a malignant feature? Acta Derm Venerol (Ljubljana) 1995;4:60-2.
72. Mooney MA, Meine J, Li H, et al. Exophytic pilomatricoma, clinically resembling keratoacanthoma, with peri-pilar differentiation: peripilomatricoma. J Cutan Pathol 1999;26:466.
73. Aramburu-González JA, Rodríguez-Justo M, Jiménez-Reyes J, Santonja C. A case of soft tissue mesenchymal chondrosarcoma metastatic to skin, clinically mimicking a keratoacanthoma. Am J Dermatopathol 1999;79:292-4.
74. Schwartz RA. Cutaneous metastatic disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;33:161-82.
75. Schwartz RA. Verrucous carcinoma of skin and mucosa. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;32:1-21.
76. Meffert JJ. Cutaneous sporotrichosis presenting as a keratoacanthoma. Cutis 1998;62:37-9.
77. Wiederkehr M, Schwartz RA. Giant proliferative molluscum contagiosum. Acta Derm Venerol (Ljubljana) 2002;11:101-4.
78. Ghadially FN. A comparative morphological study of keratoacanthoma of man and similar experimentally produced lesions in the rabbit. J Pathol Bacteriol 1958;75:441-53.
79. Ghadially FN. The experimental production of kerato-acanthomas in the hamster and the mouse. J Pathol Bacteriol 1959;77:277-82.
80. LeBoit PE. Can we understand Keratoacanthoma? Am J Dermatopathol 2002;24:166-8.
81. Yoshikawa K, Katagata Y, Kondo S. Relative amounts of keratin 17 are higher than those of keratin 16 in hair-follicle-derived tumors in comparison with nonfollicular epithelial skin tumors. J Invest Dermatol 1995;104:396-400.
82. Robson A, Anstey A, Laidler P, Marks R. Keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma: immunohistochemical analysis of the host inflammatory response. J Cutan Pathol 1995;22:82.
83. Morita H, Sagami S. Analysis of lymphocyte subpopulations using monoclonal antibodies in a case of keratoacanthomas. Acta Dermatol (Kyoto) 1985;80:209-11.
84. Blitstein-Willinger E, Haas N, Nurnberger F, et al. Immunological findings during treatment of multiple keratoacanthoma with etretinate. Br J Dermatol 1986;114:109-16.
85. Patel A, Halliday GM, Cooke BE, Barnetson RSTC. Evidence that regression in keratoacanthoma is immunologically mediated: a comparison with squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 1994;131:789-98.
86. Prehn RT. The paradoxical association of regression with a poor prognosis in melanoma contrasted with a good prognosis in keratoacanthoma. Cancer Res 1996;56:937-40.
87. Chuang T-Y, Reizner GT, Elpern DJ, Stone JL, Farmer ER. Keratoacanthoma in Kauai, Hawaii: the first documented incidence in a defined population. Arch Dermatol 1993;129:317-9.
88. Koziorowska J, Dux K. Poszukiwanie etiologicznego czynnika w keratoacanthoma. Nowotwory 1959;9:269-73.
89. Stockfleth E, Meinke B, Arndt R, Christophers E, Meyer T. Identification of DNA sequences of both genital and cutaneous HPV types in a small number of keratoacanthomas of nonimmunosuppressed patients. Dermatology 1999;198:122-5.
90. Viviano E, Sorce M, Mantegna M. Solitary keratoacanthomas in immunocompetent patients: no detection of papillomavirus DNA by polymerase DNA by polymerase chain reaction. New Microbiol 2001;24:295-7.
91. Borkowski A, Bennett WP, Jones RT, et al. Quantitative image analysis of p53 protein accumulation in keratoacanthomas. Am J Dermatopathol 1995;17:335-8.
92. Perez MI, Robins P, Biria S, et al. p53 oncoprotein expression and gene mutations in some keratoacanthomas. Arch Dermatol 1997;133:189-93.
93. Sleater JP, Beers BB, Stephens CA, et al. Keratoacanthoma: a deficient squamous cell carcinoma? Study of bcl-2 expression. J Cutan Pathol 1994;21:514-9.
94. Hu W, Cook T, Oh CW, Penneys NS. Expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 in keratoacanthoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:473-5.
95. Clausen OPF, Beigi M, Bolund L, et al. Keratoacanthomas frequently show chromosomal aberrations as assessed by comparative genomic hybridization. J Invest Dermatol 2002;119:1367-72.
96. Hu W, Cook T, Oho CW, Pennys NS. Expression of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p27 in keratoacanthoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:473-75.
97. Lambert WC, Schwartz RA. Torre (Muir-Torre) syndrome. In: Demis DJ, ed. Clinical Dermatology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999: Units 23-7, 1-10.
98. Langenbach N, Kroiss MM, Rüschoff J, et al. Assessment of microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity in sporadic keratoacanthomas. Arch Dermatol Res 1999;291:1-5.
99. Kuflik EG. Cryosurgery updated. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;31:925-44.
100. Klein E, Helm F, Milgrom H, et al. Tumors of the skin: II: keratoacanthoma local effect of 5-fluorouracil. Skin 1962;1:153-6.
101. Somlai B, Holló P. Die Anwendung von Interferon alpha (IFN α) in der Keratoakanthomebehandlung. Hautarzt 2000;51:173-5.
102. Remling R, Mempel M, Schnopp N, Abeck D, Ring J. Inträlasionale Methotrexat-Injektion: eine wirkungsvolle, zeitund kostensparende Therapiealternative bei operativ schwierig zu behandelnden Keratoakanthomen. Hautarzt 2000;51:612-4.
103. Andreassi A, Pianigiani E, Taddeucci P, et al. Keratoacanthoma treated with intralesional bleomycin. Eur J Dermatol 1999;9:403-5.
104. Cham BE. Solasodine glycosides as anti-cancer agents: pre-clinical and clinical studies. Asia Pacific J Pharmacol 1994;9:113-8.
105. Sanders S, Busam KJ, Halpern AC, Nehal KS. Intralesional corticosteroid treatment of multiple eruptive keratoacanthomas: case report and review of a controversial therapy. Dermatol Surg 2002;28:954-8.
106. Dendorfer M, Oppel T, Wollenberg A, Prinz JC. Topical treatment with imiquimod may induce regression of facial keratoacanthoma. Eur J Dermatol 2003;13:80-2.
107. Szepietowski J, Wasik F. Keratoacanthoma treated with systemic methotrexate: report of five cases with a short literature review of treatment modalities. Nouv Dermatol 1996;15:559-63.
108. Grine RC, Hendrix JD, Greer KE. Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma of Grzybowski: response to cyclophosphamide. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997;36:786-7.
109. Street ML, White JW Jr, Gibson LE. Multiple keratoacanthomas treated with oral retinoids. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990;23:862-6.
110. Kaźmierowski M, Bowszyc-Dmochowska M. Multiple keratoacanthomas treated with cryosurgery and retinoids. Postepy Dermatol (Poznan) 1997;14:397-402.
111. Ogasawara Y, Kinoshita E, Ishida T, et al. A case of keratoacanthoma centrifugum marginatum: response to oral etretinate. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;48:282-5.
112. Chu DH, Hale EK, Robins P. Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma of Grzybowski. J Drugs Dermatol 2003;3:318-9.
113. Cox S. Rapid development of keratoacanthomas after a body peel. Dermatol Surg 2003;29:201-3.
114. Pattee SF, Silvis NG. Keratoacanthomas developing in sites of previous trauma: a report of two cases and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;48:S35-S38.
115. Schwartz RA, Whitworth JM, Janniger CK, et al. The Muir-Torre syndrome. Chron Dermatol (Roma) 1996;6:845-52.
116. Cohen PR, Kohn SR, Kurzrock R. Association of sebaceous gland tumors and internal malignancy: the Muir-Torre syndrome. Am J Med 1991;90:606-13.
117. Lynch HT, Fusaro RM. Muir-Torre syndrome: heterogeneity, natural history, diagnosis, and management. Probl Gen Surg 1993;10:765-78.
118. Connors RC, Ackerman AB. Histologic pseudomalignancies of the skin. Arch Dermatol 1976;112:1767-80.
119. Schwartz RA. The keratoacanthoma: a review. J Surg Oncol 1979;12:305-17.
120. Schwartz RA. Keratoacanthoma: an abortive squamous cell carcinoma that does not always to fail. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2003;138:355-62.