Survival and growth of tree seedlings in relation to changes in the ground flora during natural regeneration of an oak shelterwood

Forestry

Volumn 78, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 21-32

  Harmer, Ralph ^a   Boswell, Roger ^a   Robertson, Malcolm ^a  

^a FOREST RESEARCH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GROWTH; REGENERATION; SEEDLING; SURVIVAL;

EASTERN HEMISPHERE; ENGLAND; EURASIA; EUROPE; UNITED KINGDOM; WESTERN EUROPE; WORLD;

BETULA PENDULA; CORYLUS AMERICANA; CORYLUS AVELLANA; FILICOPHYTA; FRAXINUS; FRAXINUS EXCELSIOR; PENDULA; PTERIDIUM AQUILINUM; QUERCUS; QUERCUS ROBUR; RUBUS; RUBUS FRUTICOSUS;

EID: 14844332740     PISSN: 0015752X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/forestry/cpi003     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Ash, J.E. and Barkham, J.P. 1976 Changes and variability in the field layer of a coppiced woodland in Norfolk, England. J. Ecol. 64, 697-712.
2. Bailey, J.D., Mayrsohn, C., Doescher, P.S., St Pierre, E. and Tappeiner, J.C. 1998 Understorey vegetation in old and young Douglas-fir forests of western Oregon. For. Ecol. Manage. 112, 289-302.
3. Bauhus, J., Aubin, I., Messier, C. and Connell, M. 2001 Composition, structure, light attenuation and nutrient content of the understorey vegetation in a Eucalyptus sieberi regrowth stand 6 years after thinning and fertilisation. For. Ecol. Manage. 144, 275-286.
4. Bruciamacchie, M., Grandjean, G. and Jacobée, F. 1994 Installation de régénérations feuilleus dans de petites trouées en peuplements irréguliers. Revue forestière française 46, 639-653.
5. Brunet, J., Falkengren-Grerup, U. and Tyler, G. 1996 Herb layer vegetation of south Swedish beech and oak forests - effects of management and soil acidity during one decade. For. Ecol. Manage. 88, 259-272.
6. Buckley, D.S., Sharik, T.L. and Isebrands, J.G. 1998 Regeneration of northern red oak: positive and negative effects of competitor removal. Ecology 79, 65-78.
7. Collins, B.S. and Pickett, S.T.A. 1988 Demographic responses of herb layer species to experimental canopy gaps in a northern hardwoods forest. J. Ecol. 76, 437-450.
8. Coomes, D.A. and Grubb, P.J. 2000 Impacts of root competition in forests and woodlands: a theoretical framework and review of experiments. Ecol. Monogr. 70, 171-201.
9. Crow, T.R. 1988 Reproductive mode and mechanisms for self-replacement of northern red oak (Quercus rubra) - a review. For. Sci. 34, 19-40.
10. Crow, T.R. 1992 Population dynamics and growth patterns for a cohort of northern red oak (Quercus rubra) seedlings. Oecologia 91, 192-200.
11. Davies, R.J. 1987 Trees and weeds. Forestry Commission Handbook No. 2, HMSO, London.
12. Dyrness, C.T. 1973 Early stages of plant succession following logging in the western Cascades of Oregon. Ecology 54, 57-69.
13. Evans, J. 1988 Natural regeneration of broadleaves. Forestry Commission Bulletin No. 78. HMSO, London, UK.
14. Everard, J.E. 1987 Natural regeneration of oak. In Oxford Forestry Institute Occasional Paper No. 34 (Report of the Seventh Meeting of the National Hardwoods Programme), P.S. Savill (ed.). Oxford Forestry Institute, Oxford, UK, pp. 23-28.
15. Everard, J.E., Heslegrave, W. and Langford, D. 1994 Management of Broadleaf Woodland in the Forest of Dean. Forestry Commission, Coleford, UK.
16. Ford, E.D. and Newbould, P.J. 1977 The biomass and production of ground vegetation and its relation to tree cover through a deciduous woodland cycle. J. Ecol. 65, 201-212.
17. Fuller, R.J. and Gill, R.M.A. 2001 Ecological impacts of increasing numbers of deer in British woodland. Forestry 74, 193-199.
18. Good, N.F. and Good, R.E. 1972 Population dynamics of tree seedlings and saplings in a mature eastern hardwood forest. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 99, 172-178.
19. Grime, P.R. 1979 Plant Strategies and Vegetation Processes. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
20. Harmer, R. 1994 Natural regeneration of broadleaved trees in Britain. I. Historical aspects. Forestry 67, 180-188.
21. Harmer, R., Kerr, G. and Fisher, D. 1994 The potential for natural regeneration of broadleaves in central southern England. Q. J. For. 88, 297-302.
22. Harmer, R., Kerr, G. and Boswell, R. 1997 Characteristics of lowland broadleaved woodland being restocked by natural regeneration. Forestry 70, 199-210.
23. Harris, M.J. and Kent, M. 1987 Ecological benefits of the Bradford-Hutt system of commercial forestry. I. Ground flora and the light climate. Q. J. For. 81, 145-157.
24. Hill, M.O. 1979 The development of a flora in even-aged plantations. In The Ecology of Even-aged Plantations. E.D. Ford, D.C. Malcolm and J. Atterson (eds). Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Cambridge, pp. 175-197.
25. Houle, G. 1992 Spatial relationship between seed and seedling abundance and mortality in a deciduous forest of north-eastern North America. J. Ecol. 80, 99-108.
26. Humphrey, J.W. and Swaine, M.D. 1997 Factors affecting the natural regeneration of Quercus in Scottish oakwoods. I. Competition from Pteridium aquilinum. J. Appl. Ecol. 34, 577-584.
27. Jarvis, P.G. 1964 The adaptability of light intensity of seedlings of Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. J. Ecol. 52, 545-571.
28. Jones, R.H., Sharitz, R.R., Dixon, P.M., Segal, D.S. and Schneider, R.L. 1994 Woody plant regeneration in four floodplain forests. Ecol. Monogr. 64, 345-367.
29. Johnson, P.S., Shifley, S.R. and Rogers, R. 2002 The Ecology and Silviculture of Oaks. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
30. Kelly, D.L. 2002 The regeneration of Quercus petraea (sessile oak) in southwest Ireland: a 25-year experimental study. For. Ecol. Manage. 166, 207-226.
31. Kirby, K.J. 1990 Changes in the ground flora of a broadleaved wood within a clearfell, group fells and a coppiced block. Forestry 63, 241-249.
32. Küßner, R. 2003 Mortality patterns of Quercus, Tilia and Fraxinus germinants in a floodplain forest on the river Elbe, Germany. For. Ecol. Manage. 173, 37-48.
33. Leibundgut, H. 1945 Über die waldbauliche Behandlung der Eiche. Schweiz. Zeits. Forstw. 96, 49-58.
34. Linhart, Y.B. and Whelan, R.J. 1980 Woodland regeneration in relation to grazing and fencing in Coed Gorswen, North Wales. J. Appl. Ecol. 17, 827-840.
35. Löf, M., Gemmel, P., Nilsson, U. and Welander, N.T. 1998 The influence of site preparation on growth in Quercus robur L. seedlings in a southern Sweden clear-cut and shelterwood. For. Ecol. Manage. 109, 241-249.
36. Lorimer, C.G., Chapman, J.W. and Lambert, W.D. 1994 Tall understorey vegetation as a factor in poor development of oak seedlings beneath mature stands. J. Ecol. 82, 227-237.
37. Marquis, D.A., Ernst, R.L. and Stout, S.L. 1992 Prescribing silvicultural treatments in hardwood stands of the Alleghenies (revised). USDA, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, General Technical Report NE-96, USDA Forest Service, Radnor, PA.
38. Mason, C.F. and MacDonald, S.M. 2002 Responses of ground flora to coppice management in an English woodland - a study using permanent quadrats. Biodiv. Conserv. 11, 1773-1789.
39. Matthews, J.D. 1989 Silvicultural Systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
40. Mitchell, P.L. and Kirby, K.J. 1989 Ecological effects of forestry practices in long-established woodland and their implications for nature conservation. Oxford Forestry Institute Occasional Paper No. 39. Oxford Forestry Institute, Oxford, UK.
41. Nilsson, U., Gemmel, P., Löf, M. and Welander, T. 1996 Germination and early growth of sown Quercus robur L. in relation to soil preparation, sowing depths and prevention against predation. New Forests 12, 69-86.
42. Nisbet, J. 1905 The Forester, Vol. I. William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, UK.
43. Ouden, J. den 2000 The Role of Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) in Forest Dynamics. Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
44. Pakenham, R. 1995 Natural regeneration of beech in the Chilterns. Q. J. For. 90, 143-149.
45. Payne, R.W., Lane, P.W., Digby, P.G.N., Harding, S.A., Leech, P.K., Morgan, G.W. et al. 1993 Genstat 5 Release 3 Reference Manual. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
46. Rodwell, J.S. 1991 British Plant Communities. Vol. I. Woodlands and Scrub. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
47. Savill, P.S. 1991 The Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
48. Schlich, W. 1904 Schlich's Manual of Forestry. Vol. II. Silviculture, 3rd edn. Bradbury, Agnew and Co., London, UK.
49. Schreiner, M., Bauer, E-M. and Kollmann, J. 2000 Reducing predation of conifer seeds by clear-cutting Rubus fruticosus agg. in two montane forest stands. For. Ecol. Manage. 126, 281-290.
50. Shaw, M.W. 1968 Factors affecting the natural regeneration of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) in north Wales. I. A preliminary study of acorn production, viability and losses. J. Ecol. 56, 565-583.
51. Shaw, M.W. 1974 The reproductive characteristics of oak. In The British Oak. M.G. Morris and F.H. Perring (eds). Botanical Society of the British Isles/E.W. Classey Ltd, Faringdon, UK.
52. Stace, C. 1991 New Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
53. Streng, D.R., Glitzenstein, J.S. and Harcombe, P.A. 1989 Woody seedling dynamics in an east Texas floodplain forest. Ecol. Monogr. 59, 177-204.
54. Szappanos, A. 1969 Investigations of number of species and increment of natural regeneration of Carex pilosa-hornbeam-sessile oak stands. Az Erdészeti és Faipari Egyetum tudományos Közleményei, 1, 21-38.
55. Teissier du Cros, E. 1987 The French approach to broadleaved silviculture. Irish For. 44, 116-126.
56. Thomas, S.C., Halpern, C.B., Falk, D.A., Liguori, D.A. and Austin, K.A. 1999 Plant diversity in managed forests: understorey responses to thinning and fertilization. Ecol. Applic. 9, 864-879.
57. Toumey, J.W. and Korstian, C.F. 1947 Foundations of Silviculture upon an Ecological Basis, 2nd edn. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
58. Watt, A.S. 1919 On the causes of a failure of natural regeneration in British oakwoods. J. Ecol. 7, 173-203.