Regeneration of northern red oak: Positive and negative effects of competitor removal

Ecology

Volumn 79, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 65-78

  Buckley, David S ^a,b   Sharik, Terry L ^a,c   Isebrands, J G ^b  

^a MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b USDA FOREST SERVICE   (United States)

^c UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Competition; Deer browsing; Field experiment; Frost; Northern Lower Michigan, USA; Oak seedling survival and growth; Overstory and understory manipulation; Quercus rubra; Regeneration of northern red oak; Regeneration success in pine vs. oak stands

Indexed keywords

COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; COMPETITION; REGENERATION; STAND STRUCTURE; TREE;

MICHIGAN; UNITED STATES;

CERVIDAE; ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS; PINUS RESINOSA; QUERCUS; QUERCUS RUBRA;

EID: 0031654655     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[0065:RONROP]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Abrams, M. D. 1992. Fire and the development of oak forests. BioSciencc 42:346-353.
2. Albert. D. A., S. R. Denton, and B. V. Barnes. 1986. Regional landscape ecosystems of Michigan. School of Natural Resources. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Michigan USA.
3. Armson, K. A. 1977. Forest soils: properties and processes. University of Toronto Press. Toronto, Ontario. Canada.
4. Barnes. B. V., and W. H. Wagner. 1981. Michigan trees. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
5. Barren J. W., C. E. Farnsworth. and W. Rutherford, Jr. 1962. Logging effects on regeneration and certain aspects of microclimate in northern hardwoods. Journal of Forestry 60: 630-639.
6. Beals. E. W., G. Cottam, and R. J. Vogl. 1960. Influence of deer on vegetation of the Apostle Islands, Wisconsin. Journal of Wildlife Management 24:68-80.
7. Blair, R. M., R. Alcaniz. and A. Harrell. 1983. Shade intensity influences the nutrient quality and digestibility of southern deer browse leaves. Journal of Range Management 36:257-264.
8. Buckley, D. S. 1994. Relationships among competing vegetation, herbivores, and environmental conditions affecting northern red oak (Qucrcus rubra L.) regeneration. Dissertation. Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan. USA.
9. Canham C. D., and O. I., Loucks. 1984. Catastrophic windthrow in the prescttlcmcnt forests of Wisconsin. Ecology 65:803-809.
10. Carmean, W. H. 1978. Site index curves for northern hardwoods in northern Wisconsin and Upper Michigan. USDA Forest Service Research Paper NC-160.
11. Carmean. W. H., J. T. Hahn, and R. D. Jacobs. 1989. Site index curves for forest species in the eastern United States. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report NC-128.
12. Crow. T. R. 1988. Reproductive mode and mechanisms for self-replacement of northern red oak (Quercux rubra)-a review. Forest Science 34:19-40.
13. _. 1992. Population dynamics and growth patterns for a cohort of northern red oak (Quercux rubra) seedlings. Oecologia 91:192-200.
14. Crow, T. R., and J. G. Iscbrands. 1986. Oak regeneration- an update. Pages 73-86 in Proceedings of integrated pest management symposium for northern forests, Madison, Wisconsin, 24-27 March 1986. University of WisconsinExtension Cooperative Extension Service, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
15. Dickson, R. E. 1991. Episodic growth and carbon physiology in northern red oak. Pages 117-124 in S. B. Laursen and J. F. DeBoe, editors. The oak resource in the Upper Midwest: implications for management. Conference proceedings. Saint Mary's College, Winona, Minnesota, 3-6 June 1991. Publication number NR-BU-5663-S. Minnesota Extension Service, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA.
16. Farmer, R. E. 1975. Growth and assimilation rate of juvenile northern red oak: effects of light and temperature. Forest Science 21:373-381.
17. Forcella, F., and S. J. Harvey. 1983. Eurasian weed infestation in western Montana in relation to vegetation and disturbance. Madrono 30:102-109.
18. Frissell, S. S., Jr. 1973. The importance of fire as a natural ecological factor in Itasca State Park, Minnesota. Quaternary Research 3:397-407.
19. Gevorkiamz., S. R. 1957. Site index curves for red pine in the Lake States. USDA Forest Service, Lake States Forest Experiment Station Technical Note 484.
20. ÖWingham, M. P., and F. L. Bunnell. 1987. Effects of learnbig on food selection and searching behaviour of deer. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67:24-32.
21. Qodman, R. M., and C. H. Tubbs. 1973. Establishing evcn age northern hardwood regeneration by the sheltcrwood method-a preliminary guide. USDA Forest Service Research Paper NC-99.
22. Gordon, A. M, J. A. Simpson, and P. A. Williams. 1995. Sixyear response of red ouk seedlings planted under a shclterwood in central Ontario. Canadian Journal of Forest Re search 25:603-613.
23. Tjbttschalk, K. W., and D. A. Marquis. 1983. Survival and growth of planted red oak and white ash as affected by residual ovcrstory density, stock size, and deer browsing. Pages 125-140 in R. N. Muller, editor. Proceedings of the fourth central hardwood forest conference, Lcxington, Kentucky. 8-10 November 1982. University of Kentucky, Lcxington, Kentucky, USA.
24. Hanson, P. J., R. F., Dickson, J. G. Iscbrands, T. R. Crow, and R. K. Dixon. 1986. A morphological index of Quercus seedling ontogeny for use in studies of physiology und growth. Tree Physiology 2:273-281.
25. Heilman, W. E., J. C. Zasada, K. M. Tcclaw, and D. S. Buckley. 1996. Harvesting effects on the microclimate of northern hardwood forests in the Upper Great Lukes Region. ' Pages 397-400 in Preprint volume, twenty-second conference on agricultural and forest meteorology und the twelfth conference on biometcorology & aerobiology. Atlunta. Georgia. 28 January-2 February 1996. American Meteorological Society, Boston. Massachusetts. USA.
26. Heinen. J. T., and T. L. Sharik. 1990. The influence of mammalian browsing on tree growth and mortality in the Pigeon River State Forest, Michigan. American Midland Naturalist 123:202-206.
27. Hodges. J., and E. Gardiner. 1993. Ecology and physiology of oak regeneration. Pages 54-65 in D. Loftis und C. E. McGcc. editors. Oak regeneration: serious problems, practical recommendations. Symposium Proceedings, Knoxville, Tennessee, 8-10 September 1992. Presented by the Center for Oak Studies. USDA Fores! Service General Technical Report SE-84.
28. Isebrands. J. G., and S. J. Steele. 1993. Photosynthctically active radiation (PAR) indicator. Pages 1-21 in B. I., Conkling and G. E. Bycrs. editors. Forest health monitoring field methods guide. Internal Report. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
29. Isebrands, J. G., P. T. Tomlirtson, and R. E. Dickson. 1994. Carbon fixation and allocation in northern red oak. Pages 21-31 m J. G. Iscbrands and R. B. Dickson, compilers. Biology and silviculture of northern red ouk in the north central region: a synopsis. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report NC-I73.
30. Jacobson, G. L. 1979. The puleoecology of white pine (Pinux strobus) in Minnesota. Journal of Ecology 67:697-726.
31. Johnson, A. S., P. E. Hale, W. M. Ford. J. M. Wcnlworth, J. R. French, O. F. Anderson, and G. B. Pullen. 1995. Whitetailed deer foraging in relation to successional stage, ovcrstory type and management of southern Appalachian forests. American Midland Naturalist 133:18-35.
32. Johnson, P. S. 1992. Oak overstory/reproduction relations in two xeric ecosystems in Michigan. Forest Ecology and Management 48:233-248.
33. Johnson. P. S., C. D. Dale. K. R. Davidson, and J. R. Law. 1986. Planting northern red oak in the Missouri O/.arks: a prescription. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 3:6668.
34. , Johnson, P. S., and R. D. Jacobs. 1981. Northern red oak regeneration after prchcrbicidcd clearcutting and sheltcrwood removal cutting. USDA Forest Service Research Paper NC-202.
35. Kim, C., T. L. Sharik. M. F. Jurgensen. R. E. Dickson, and O. S. Bucklcy. 1996. Effects of nitrogen availability on northern red oak seedling growth in oak and pine stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26:1103-1 111.
36. Kolb, T. E., K. C. Steiner. L. H. McCormick, and T. W. Bowersox. 1990. Growth response of northern red-oak and yellow-poplar seedlings to light, soil moisture and nutrients in relation to ecological strategy. Forest Ecology and Management 38:65-78.
37. Korstian, C. F. 1927. Factors controlling germination and early survival in oaks. Bulletin 19. Yale University, School of Forestry, Newhaven, Connecticut, USA.
38. Kotar, J. 1991. Importance of ecological classification in oak management. Pages 132-140 in S. B. Laursen and J. F. DeBoc. editors. The oak resource in the Upper Midwest: implications for management. Conference proceedings, Saint Mary's College. Winona, Minnesota, 3-6 June 1991. Publication number NR-BU-S663-S. Minnesota Extension Service, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesolu, USA.
39. Loftis, D. L. 1990. A shclterwood method for regenerating red oak in the southern Appalachians. Forest Science 36: 917-929.
40. Lorimer, C. G. 1989. The oak regeneration problem: new evidence on causes and possible solutions. Forest Resource Analyses Number 8, Publication R3484. Department of Forestry, University of Wisconsin. Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
41. _. 1993. Causes of the oak regeneration problem. Pages 14-39 in D. Loftis and C. E. McGec, editors. Oak regeneration: serious problems, practical recommendations. Symposium Proceedings, Knoxville, Tennessee, 8-10 September 1992. Presented by the Center for Oak Studies. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report SE-84.
42. Mat-Arthur, R. H., and J. W. MacArthur. 1961. On bird species diversity. Ecology 42:594-598.
43. Maissurow, D. K. 1941. The role of lire in the perpetuation of virgin forests of northern Wisconsin. Journal of Forestry 39:201-207.
44. McEvoy. T. J., T. L. Sharik, and D. W. Smith. 1980. Vegetative structure of an Appalachian ouk forest in southwestern Virginia. American Midland Naturalist 103:96105.
45. NOAA [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]. 1992. Climatological data, Michigan, May 1992. Volume 107, Number 5. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, North Carolina. USA.
46. Pregiucr, K. S., G. K. Host, and P. J. Greaney. 1987. An ecological classification of the state upland forests in northern Lower Michigan. Version 1.1. Forest Ecology Laboratory, Department of Forestry. Michigan State University, Hast Lansing, Michigan. USA.
47. Reader. R. J., and B. D. Bricker. 1992. Response of five deciduous forest herbs to partial canopy removal and patch si/.e. American Midland Naturalist 127:149-157.
48. Sarnccki. L. M. 1990. The effects of various thinning intensities on natural oak regeneration in red pine plantations in northern Lower Michigan. Thesis. Michigan Technological University. Houghton, Michigan, USA.
49. Schultz. R. C'., and J. R. Thompson. 1991. The quality of oak seedlings needed for successful artificial regeneration in the central states. Pages 180-186 in S. B. Laursen and J. F. DcBoc, editors. The oak resource in the Upper Midwest: implications for management. Conference proceedings, Saint Mary's College. Winona, Minnesota, 3-6 June 1991. Publication number NR-BU-5663-S. Minnesota Extension Service, University of Minnesota. Saint Paul. Minnesota, USA.
50. Stone, R. N. 1958. Forest plantings in northern Lower Mich- igan by county. USDA Forest Service, Luke States Forest Experiment Station Technical Note 544.
51. Teclaw, R. M., and J. G. Iscbrands. 1991. Artificial regeneration of northern red oak in the Lake States. Pages IST197 in S. B. Laurscn and J. F. DcBoc, editors. The oak resource in the Upper Midwest: implications for management. Conference proceedings, Saint Mary's College, Winona, Minnesota, 3-6 June 1991. Publication number NR-BU-5663-S. Minnesota Extension Service, University of Minnesota. Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA.
52. Teclaw, R. M., and J. G. Isebrands. 1993. Artificial regeneration of northern red oak in the Lake States with a light shelterwood: a departure from tradition. Pages 185-194 in A. R. Gillespie, G. R. Parker. P. E. Pope, and G. Rink, editors. Proceedings of the ninth central hardwood forest conference, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 810 March 1993. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report NC-161.
53. Tilghman. N. G. 1989. Impacts of white-tailed deer on forest regeneration in northwestern Pennsylvania. Journal of Wildlife Management 53:524-532.
54. Urie, D. H. 1959. Pattern of soil moisture depiction varies between red pine and oak stands in Michigan. USDA Forest Service, Lake States Forest Experiment Station Technical Note 564.
55. Van Lear, D. H., and J. M. Watt. 1993. The role of fire in oak regeneration. Pages 66-78 in D. Loftis and C. E. McGee, editors. Oak regeneration: serious problems, practical recommendations. Symposium Proceedings, Knoxvillc, Tennessee, 8-10 September 1992. Presented by the Center for Oak Studies. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report SE-84.
56. Wcbb, T., III. 1974. A vegctational history from northern Wisconsin: evidence from modern and fossil pollen. American Midland Naturalist 92:12-34.
57. Whitney, O. G. 1986. Relation of Michigan's prcsettlement pine forests to substrate and disturbance history. Ecology 67:1548-1559.