Ethical reflections on herbicide-resistant crops

Pest Management Science

Volumn 61, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 318-325

  Madsen, Kathrine Hauge ^a   Sandøe, Peter ^b  

^a DANISH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Genetically modified crops; Pesticides; Risk assessment; Risk perception

Indexed keywords

HERBICIDE;

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK; GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISM; PESTICIDE RESISTANCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK PERCEPTION;

CONFERENCE PAPER; CROP; ETHICS; EUROPE; GENETIC ENGINEERING; GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROP; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; HERBICIDE RESISTANT CROP; HUMAN RIGHTS; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE; TECHNOLOGY;

AGRICULTURE; CROPS, AGRICULTURAL; DRUG RESISTANCE; ENVIRONMENT; GENETIC ENGINEERING; HERBICIDES; PLANTS, GENETICALLY MODIFIED; PUBLIC OPINION; RISK;

EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; EUROPE; WORLD;

EID: 14644442386     PISSN: 1526498X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ps.976     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (43)

1. SNS, De 18 afsluttede sager-Godkendte produkter under det tidligere udsætningsdirektiv 90/220/EØF (http://www.skovog-natur.dk/ erhvogadm/biotek/de18sager.htm, accessed 8 March (2004)).
2. James C, Global status of transgenic crop in 1997, ISAAA Briefs No 5, ISAAA, Ithaca, NY 31 pp (1997).
3. Rådet for den Europæiske Union, Udkast til protokol for 2194 samling i Rådet (miljø) den 24-25 juni 1999 i Luxembourg, Bruxelles, den 26. oktober 1999, 9433/1/99 [Draft of protocol for a meeting in the Council for EU 1999].
4. James C and Krattiger AF, Global review of the field testing and commercialization of transgenic plants, 1986 to 1995: the first decade of crop biotechnology, ISAAA Briefs No 1, ISAAA, Ithaca, NY, 31 pp (1996).
5. Biotik, Om Biotik-Publikationer: 4. England (http://www.-biotik.dk/ myndigheder/bioTIK/Udredninger/konvention2/england/, accessed 8 March (2004)).
6. Biotik, 1998-99-Miljø- og Planlægningsudvalget, Alm. Del-bilag 731 (http://www.biotik.dk/debat/politikerne/folketinget/foedevarer/ spoergsmaal/19981_udvbilag_mpu_almdel_bilag731/, accessed 8 March (2004)).
7. James C, Global Review of Commercialized Transgenic Crops: 1998, ISAAA Briefs No 8, ISAAA, Ithaca, NY (1998).
8. James C, Global Status of Commercialized Transgenic Crops: 2000, ISAAA Briefs No 21: preview, ISAAA, Ithaca, NY, 65 pp (2000).
9. James C, Preview: Global status of commercialized transgenic crops: 2002, ISAAA Briefs No 27, ISAAA, Ithaca, NY (2002).
10. James C, Preview: Global status of commercialized trangenic crops: 2003, ISAAA Briefs No 30, ISAAA, Ithaca, NY (2003).
11. Rådet for den Europæiske Union [The Council for the European Union 7191/01], Bruxelles den 19, marts 2001, 7191/01, Åbenhed vedr: Månedsoversigt over Rådets retsakter februar 2001, 22 pp (2001).
12. Commission of the European Communities, Communication from the Commission. Towards a strategic vision of life sciences and biotechnology: Consultation document, Brussels 4.09.2001 (http://europa.eu.int/comm/ biotechnology/introduction_en. html, accessed 8 March 04).
13. Commission of the European Communities, Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions. Life Science and Technology-A strategy for Europe, Brussels 23.01.2002, (http://europa.cu.int/comm/biotechnology/introduction_en. html, accessed 8 March 04).
14. ISAAA, Press release: Double-digit growth continues for biotech crops worldwide, U.S. biotech crop area up 10 per cent, International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech applications 13 January 2004 (http://www.isaaa.org/ Press_release/Briefs30-2003/press/b30_english.htm, accessed 8 March (2004)).
15. Gaskell G, Allum N and Stares S, Europeans and biotechnology in 2002, Eurobarometer 58,0 (2nd edn: March 21st 2003), A report to the EC Directorate General for Research from the project 'Life Sciences in European Society' QLG7CT-1999-00286.45 pp (2003). (http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/ archives/eb_special.htm, accessed 8 March 04).
16. Jensen KK, Gamborg C, Madsen KH, Jørgensen RB, von Krauss MK, Folker AP and Sandøe P, The normative foundation for risk assessment of GMOs: making the 'risk window' transparent. Environ Biosafety Res 3:161-171 (2003).
17. The Royal Society, Genetically modified plants for food use and human health - an update, Policy document 4/02, February (2002). 20 pp (www.royalsoc.as.uk).
18. Hall JC, Donelly-Vanderloo MJ and Hume DJ, Chapter 7, Triazine-resistant crops: the agronomic impact and physiological consequences of chloroplast mutation, in Herbicide-resistant crops, agricultural, environmental, economic, regulatory and technical aspects, ed by Duke SO, CRC Press Inc, pp 107-125 (1996).
19. Madsen KH and Sandoe P, Herbicide resistant sugar beets - What is the problem? J Agric Environ Ethics 14:161-168 (2001).
20. Poulsen GS, Weediness of transgenic oilseed rape-Evaluation methods, PhD thesis, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Dept of Agric Sciences (Weed Science), Denmark, 76 pp (1995).
21. Madsen KH, Poulsen GS, Fredshavn JR, Jensen JE, Steen P and Streibig JC, A method to study competitive ability of hybrids between seabeet (Beta vulgaris ssp maritima) and transgenic glyphosate tolerant sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris ssp vulgaris). Acta Agric Scand, Sect B, Soil Plant Sci 48:170-174 (1998).
22. Lassen J, Madsen KH and Sandøe P, Ethics and genetic engineering-lessons to be learned from GM foods. Bioproc Biosyst Eng 24:263-271 (2002).
23. Hansen J, Holm L, Frewer L, Robinson P and Sandøe P, Beyond the knowledge deficit: recent research into lay and expert attitudes to food risks. Appetite 41:111-121 (2003).
24. Frewer LJ, Howard C and Shepherd R, Consumer perceptions of food risks. Food Sci Technol Today 9:212-216 (1995).
25. Slovic P, Perception of risk. Science (Washington) 236:280-285 (1987).
26. Sparks P and Shepherd R, Public perceptions of the potential hazards associated with food production and food consumption: an empirical study. Risk Anal 14:799-806 (1994).
27. Miles S and Frewer LJ, Investigating specific concerns about different food hazards. Food Qual Preference 12:47-61 (2001).
28. Hawkes GR and Stiles MC, Attitudes about pesticide safety. California Agriculture (May-June) 19-22 (1986).
29. Dittus KL, Hillers VN and Beerman KA, Attitudes and behaviors about pesticide residues, susceptibility of cancer, and consumption of fruits and vegetables. J Nutrit Educ 25:245-250 (1993).
30. Dittus KL and Hillers VN, Consumer trust and behavior related to pesticides. Food Technol (July) 87-89 (1993).
31. Williams PRD and Hammitt JK, Perceived risks of conventional and organic produce: pesticides, pathogens, and natural toxins. Risk Anal 21:319-330 (2001).
32. Siegrist M, Cvetkovich G and Roth C, Salient value similarity, social trust and risk/benefit perception. Risk Anal 20:353-362 (2000).
33. Lassen J and Jamison A, NGOs as conveyors of ethics in the policy process, in Eursafe 2001, Third congress of the European Society of Agricultural and Food Ethics, Food safety, food quality, food ethics, Book of preprints, Florence, 3-6 October (2001). pp 283-286.
34. Slovic P, Perceived risk, trust, and democracy. Risk Anal 13:675-682 (1993).
35. Frewer LJ, Howard C and Shepherd R, Understanding public attitudes to technology. J Risk Res 1:221-235 (1998).
36. Madsen KH, Lassen J and Sandøe P, Genetically modified crops: a US farmer's versus an EU citizen's point of view. Acta Agric Scand Sect B, Soil Plant Sci Suppl I: 60-67 (2003).
37. Duke SO, Herbicide-resistant crops, in Encyclopedia of Pest Management, ed by Pimentel D, Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, pp 358-360 (2002).
38. Gianessi L, Sankula S and Reigner N, Plant biotechnology: potential impact for improving pest management in European agriculture. A summary of nine case studies, The National Center for Food and Agricultural Policy, Washington, DC, 15 pp (2003).
39. Soby BA, Simpson ADC and Ives DP, Managing food-related risks: Integrating public and scientific judgements. Food Control 5:9-19 (1994).
40. INRA, Eurobarometer 52.1: The Europeans and biotechnology, March 15, (2000). (http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/archives/eb_special.htm, accessed 8 March 04).
41. Madsen KH, Holm PB, Lassen J and Sandoe P, Ranking genetically modified plants according to familiarity. J Agric Environ Ethics 15:267-278 (2002).
42. Madsen KH, Thomsen JN, Strandberg B and Sandøe P, Ethical perspectives of herbicide resistant sugar beet, Advances in Sugar Beet Research, Vol 6, IIRB (Institut International de Recherches Betteravières), Brussels. In preparation.
43. Walgate R, Genetically modified food, the American experience, Summary of a conference organised by the Danish Centre for Bioethics and Risk Assessment and the BioTIK Secretariat, Copenhagen 11-12 June 2003, 30 pp (2003).