Cancer metastasis: Characterization and identification of the behavior of metastatic tumor cells and the cell adhesion molecules, including carbohydrates

Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular and Haematological Disorders

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 39-64

  Kawaguchi, Takanori ^a  

^a FUKUSHIMA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Adhesion molecule; Cancer metastasis; Carbohydrate; Electron microscopy; Metastatic mechanism

Indexed keywords

AGGLUTININ; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CARBOHYDRATE; CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; FIBRONECTIN; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN; INTEGRIN; LAMININ; LECTIN; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; MUCIN 1; N ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE; PROTEOHEPARAN SULFATE; SCLEROPROTEIN; SIALYL LEWIS X ANTIGEN;

ASCITES HEPATOMA; BEAN; BREAST METASTASIS; CANCER CELL; CANCER INVASION; CELL ADHESION; CELL FUNCTION; CELL FUSION; CELL LINE; CELL STRUCTURE; CELL SURFACE; COLORECTAL CANCER; DESMOSOME; DRUG TARGETING; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; GRIFFONIA; HELIX POMATIA; HEPATOMA CELL; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; LECTIN BINDING; LIVER CELL; LUNG METASTASIS; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MESOTHELIUM CELL; METASTASIS; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; NERVE CELL; NONHUMAN; PREDICTION; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN SECRETION; REVIEW; STOMACH CANCER; TIGHT JUNCTION; TUMOR CELL;

ANIMALS; CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM; CARBOHYDRATES; CELL ADHESION MOLECULES; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS; HUMANS; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON; NEOPLASM METASTASIS;

EID: 13844280719     PISSN: 15680061     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1568006053005038     Document Type: Review

References (145)

1. Cancer Statistics in Japan 2003; The Editorial Board of the Cancer Statistics in Japan, Nomura K. editor-in-chief, Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research, National Cancer Center: Tokyo, 2003.
2. Weiss, L. Principle of Metastasis, Academic Press: Orlando, FL, 1985.
3. Kawaguchi, T. Cancer Metastasis: Theory and Its Clinical Application, Kanehara, Tokyo, 1994. (in Japanese)
4. Kawaguchi, T. Fundamental Aspect of Cancer Metastasis; Kanehara: Tokyo, 2002. (in Japanese)
5. Willis, R.A. The Spread of Tumours in the Human Body, 3rd ed., Butterworths: London, 1973.
6. Walther, H.E. Krebsmetastasen. Benno Schwabe: Basel, 1948.
7. Batson, O.V. The Vertebral vein system, Caldwell Lecture, 1956, In Bone Metastasis; Weiss, L., Gilbert, H.A, Eds.; G.K. Hall: Boston, 1981. pp. 21-48.
8. Viadana, E., Bross, I.D.J., Rickren, J.W. Cascade spread of blood-borne metastases in solid and nonsolid cancers of humans. In Pulmonary Metastasis, Weiss, L., Gilbert, H.A., Eds:; Martinus Nijhoff: Hargue, 1978, 142-167.
9. Pajet, S. The distribution of secondary growth in cancer of the breast. Lancet, 1889, 1, 571-573.
10. Nicolson, G.L. Cancer metastasis. Scientific American, 1979, 240, 66-76.
11. de la Monte, S.M., Moore, G.W., Hutchins, G.M. Patterned distribution of metastases from malignant melanoma in humans. Cancer Res., 1983, 43, 3227-3433.
12. General consideration. Soft Tissue Tumors, 4th ed.; Weiss, S.W., Goldblum, J.R., Eds.; Mosby: St. Louis, 2001, pp.1-19.
13. Fidler, I.J. Selection of successive tumor lines for metastasis. Nature, 1973, 242, 148-149.
14. Kawaguchi, T., Takamura, K. Relationship between transcerebral passage of tumor cells and brain metastasis. Gann, 1977, 68, 61-71.
15. Kawaguchi, T., Kitamura, H., Nakamura, K. Tumor formation of rat ascites hepatoma of in the traumatized brain. Gann, 1979, 70, 277-290.
16. Kawaguchi, T., Endo, M., Yokoya, S., Nakamura, K. Influence of lodgement site on the proliferation-kinetics of tumor cells. Experientia, 1981, 37, 414-415.
17. Kawaguchi, T., Endo, M., Yokoya, S., Nakamura, K. Difference in proliferation-kinetics between tumor cells arrested in the brain and liver. Experientia, 1982, 38, 1236-1237.
18. Kawaguchi, T., Nakamura, K. Analysis of lodgement and extravasation of tumor cells in experimental models of hematogenous metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev., 1986, 5, 77-94.
19. Neri, A., Welch, D., Kawaguchi, T., Nicolson, G.L. Development and biological properties of malignant cell sublines and clones of a spontaneously metastasizing rat mammary adenocarcinoma. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 1981, 68, 507-517.
20. Meiner, K.M., Kawaguchi, T., Uba, G.W., Nicolson, G.L. Clonal drift of cell surface, melanogenic, and experimental metastatic properties of in vivo-selected, brain meninges-colonizing murine B16 melanomas. Cancer Res., 1982, 42, 4631-4638.
21. Watanabe, K. Experimental study on organ preference of cancer metastasis: establishment and characterization of highly metastatic sublines to eye ball derived from rat ascites hepatoma AH7974. Fukushima Igaku Zasshi, 1989, 39, 575-584. (in Japanese )
22. Saito, A. The development of useful experimental model for analysis of organ preference on cancer metastasis: the establishment of highly metastatic cell lines to rat ovary and their metastatic propensity. Fukushima Igaku Zasshi, 1989, 39, 585-595. (in Japanese)
23. Hoshi, N. Establishment of highly metastatic subline Bo4 from rat ascites hepatoma AH7974. (A thesis. Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine No. 200, 1995, in Japanese).
24. Kobayashi, T., Kitamura, H., Tobai, S., Asahina, S., Nakamura, K. Experimental studies on hematogenous metastasis in the kidney (1)-effect of ischemia. Fukushima Igaku Zasshi, 1980, 29, 247-257. (in Japanese)
25. Endo, M. Effect of dead cell embolism on formation of haematogenous metastases in the brain. Fukushima Igaku Zasshi, 1980, 30, 189-203. (in Japanese)
26. Al-Mehdi, A.B., Tozawa, K., Fisher, A.B., Shientac, L., Lee, A., Muschel, R.J. Intravascular origin of metastasis from the proliferation of endothelium-attached tumor cells: a new model for metastasis. Nature Med., 2000, 6, 100-102.
27. Takubo, K., Takai, A., Takayama, S., Sasajima, K., Yamashima, K., Fujita, K. Intraductal spread of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer, 1987, 59, 1751-1757.
28. Dingemans, K.P., Mooi, W.J. Invasion of lung tissue by bronchogenic squamous-cell carcinomas: Interaction of tumor cells and lung parenchyma in the tumor periphery. Int. J. Cancer, 1986, 37, 11-19.
29. Sugino, T., Kawaguchi, T., Suzuki, T. Sequential process of blood-borne lung metastasis of spontaneous mammary carcinoma in C3H mouse. Int. J. Cancer, 1993, 55, 141-147.
30. Sugino, T., Kusakabe, T., Hoshi, N., Yamaguchi, T., Kawaguchi, T., Goodison, S., Sekimata, M., Homma, Y., Suzuki, T. An invasion-independent pathway of blood-borne metastasis: a new murine mammary tumor model. Am. J. Pathol., 2002, 160, 1973-1980.
31. Carr, I., Price, P., Westby, S. The fine structure of neoplastic invasion: invasion of liver, skeletal muscle and lymphatic vessels by the Rd/3 tumour. J. Pathol., 1976, 118, 91-99.
32. De Bryun, P.P., Cho, Y. Entry o f metastatic cells into the circulation from a subcutaneous tumor. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 1979, 62, 1221-1227.
33. De Bryun, P.P., Cho, Y. Entry o f metastatic cells into the circulation from a subcutaneous tumor. J. Ultrastract. Res. 1982 81, 189-201.
34. Tobai, S., Kawaguchi, T., Asahina, S., Nakamura, K. Some findings on the intravasation of Yoshida sarcoma cells in the omentum. Gann., 1980, 71, 573-579.
35. Araki, K. An ultrastructural evaluation of experimentally induced cancer cell invasion into lymphatic vessel in rats. Bull. Osaka Med. Sch., 1982, 28, 7-13.
36. Azzarelli, B., Mirkin, L.D., Goheen, M., Muller, J., Crokett, C. The leptomeningeal vein. A site of re-entry of leukemic cells into the systemic circulation. Cancer, 1984, 54, 1333-1343.
37. Paku, S., Paweletz, N., Spiess, E., Aulenbacher, P., Werling, H. O., Knierim, M. Ultrastructural analysis of experimentally induced invasion in the rat lung by tumor cells metastasized lymphatically. Anticancer Res., 1986, 6, 957-966.
38. Constantinides, P., Harkey, M., McLaury, D., Lacour, T., Jue, S. The role of microvascular environment in the metastasizing ability of an experimental tumor. Virchows Arch. A., 1987, 411, 223-232.
39. Deutsh, A., Lubach, D., Nissen, S., Neukam, D. Ultrastructural studies on the invasion of melanomas in initial lymphatics of human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol., 1992, 98 564-567.
40. Ono, Y., Nakajima, T., Saku, T. Vascular invasion of O-1N, hamster squamous cell carcinoma with high potential of lymph node metastasis: ultrastructural comparison between lymphatics and blood vessels. Pathol. Int., 1998, 48, 254-264.
41. Stackpole, C.W. Distinct lung-colonizing and lung metastasizing cell populations in B16 mouse melanoma. Nature, 1981, 289, 798-800.
42. Kobayashi, T., Asabina, S., Tobai, S., Kitamura, H., Nakamura, K. An experimental study on the growth of ascites hepatoma AH-130 inoculated in the rectal abdominal muscle into the peritoneal cavity. Fukushima Igaku Zasshi, 1979, 29, 145-157. (in Japanese)
43. Sitton, J.E., Reimund, E.L. Extramedullary hematopoiesis of the cranial dura and anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Neuropediatrics 1992, 23, 108-110.
44. Pinho, Mde. F., Hurtado, S.P., El-Cheikh, M.C., Rossi, M.I., Dutra, H.S. Myelopoiesis in the omentum of normal mice and during abdominal inflammatory processes. Cell Tissue Res., 2002, 308, 87-96.
45. Folkman, J., Moscona, A. Role of cell shape in growth control. Nature, 1978, 273, 345-349.
46. Lüscher, E.F. Serum cytotoxic factors which may influence tumor cell growth. In Endogenous Factors Influencing Host Tumor Balance; Wissler, R.W., Dao, T.L., Wood, S. Jr., Eds.; University. of Chicago Press: Chicago, 1967, pp. 167-175.
47. Hanna, N. The role of natural killer cells in the control of tumor growth and metastasis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1985, 780, 213-226.
48. Weiss, L., Harlos, J.P., Elkin, J. Mechanism of mechanical trauma of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vitro and its relationship to rapid intravascular death during metastasis. Int. J. Cancer, 1989, 44, 143-148.
49. Sato, H., Khato, J., Sato, T., Suzuki, M. Deformability and filtrability of tumor cells through "nucleopore" filter, with reference to viability and metastatic spread. In Gann Monograph Cancer Research No.20; Stansly P., Sato H., Eds.; Japan Scientific Societies Press: Tokyo, 1977, pp. 3-13.
50. Kawaguchi, T., Nakamura, K. Survival and experimental metastatic potential of tumor cells circulated in vitro under conditions of high-speed fluid flow. Fukushima J. Med. Sci., 1987, 33, 47-54.
51. Lapis, K., Paku, S., Liotta, L.A. Endothelialization of embolized tumor cells during metastasis formation. Clin. Exp. Metastasis, 1988, 6, 73-89.
52. Paku, S., Dome, B., Toth, R., Timar, J. Organ-specificity of the extravasation process: an ultrastructural study. Clin. Exp. Metastasis, 2001, 18, 481-492.
53. Hori, K., Suzuki, M. Metastasis and angiogenesis (Author's translation). Mebio, 1992, 7, 50-56. (in Japanese)
54. Kiyasu, Y., Kaneshima, S., Koga, S. Morphogenesis of peritoneal metastasis in human gastric cancer. Cancer Res., 1981 41, 1236-1239.
55. Parsons, D.F., Marko, M., Braun, S.J., Wansor, K.J. Ascites tumor invasion of mouse peritoneum studied by high-voltage electron microscopy stereoscopy. Cancer Res., 1982, 42, 4574-4583.
56. Nakashima, Y., Kawaguchi, T., Nakamura, K. The mechanisms of metastasis formation in injured parietal peritoneum by Yoshida sarcoma cells: an electron microscopic study. Fukushima J. Med. Sci., 1985, 31, 17-28.
57. Kawaguchi, T., Kawaguchi, M., Lembo, T.M., Nicolson, G.L. Differential tumor growth of blood-borne B16 melanoma variants in cerebral dura mater is related to tumor-host cell reactions. Clin. Exp. Metastasis, 1989, 7, 1-14.
58. Nicolson, G.L., Kawaguchi, T., Kawaguchi, M., Pelt, C.V. Brain surface invasion and metastasis of murine malignant melanoma variants. J. Neurooncol. 1987, 4, 209-218.
59. Kawaguchi, T., Endo, M., Tobai, S., Nakamura, K. Behavior pattern of rat ascites tumor cells in liver sinusoids: an electron microscopic study. Gann., 1979, 70, 337-342.
60. Roos, E., Dingemans, K.P., Van de Pavert, I.V., Van den Bergh-Weerma, M.A. Mammary-carcinoma cells in mouse liver: infiltration of liver tissue and interaction with Kupffer cells. Br. J. Cancer, 1978, 38, 88-99.
61. Igarashi, S., Kawaguchi, T. Ultrastrucures on invasion of adult rat hepatocyte monolayer by rat ascites hepatoma variant sublines. Invasion Metastasis, 1993, 13, 132-146.
62. Katsuta, H., Takaoka, T., Nagai, Y. Interaction in culture between normal and tumor cells of rats. In Selected papers on Cancer Research 1966-1970, I, 537-548.
63. Brauner, T., Hulser, D.F. Tumor cell invasion and gap junctional communication. II. Normal and malignant cells confronted in multicell spheroids. Invasion Metastasis, 1990, 10, 31-48.
64. Ito, A., Katoh, F., Kataoka, T.R., Okada, M., Tsubota N., Asada, H., Yoshikawa, K., Maeda, S., Kitamura, Y., Yamasaki, H., Nojima, H. A role for heterologous gap junctions between melanoma and endothelial cells in metastasis. J. Clin. Invest., 2000, 105, 1189-1197.
65. De Bruyn, P.P., Michelson, S., Becker, R.P. Nonrandom distribution of sialic acid over the cell surface of briscle-coated endocytic vesicles of the sinusoidal endothelium cells. J. Cell Biol. 1978, 78, 379-389.
66. Le Borgne, R., Griffiths, G., Hoflack, B. Mannose 6-phosphate receptors and ADP-ribosylation factors cooperate for high affinity interaction of the AP-1 Golgi assembly proteins with membranes. J. Biol. Chem., 1996, 271, 2162-2170.
67. Faveeuw, C., Preece, G., Ager, A. Transendothelial migration of lymphocytes across high endothelial venules into lymph nodes is affected by metalloproteinases. Blood, 2001, 98, 688-695.
68. Aggeler, J., Werb, Z. Initial events during phagocytosis by macrophages viewed from outside and inside the cell: membrane-particle interactions and clathrin. J. Cell Biol., 1982, 94, 613-623.
69. Tsuchiya, H., Tsuchiya, Y., Kobayashi, T., Kikuchi, Y., Hino, O. Isolation of genes differentially expressed between the Yoshida sarcoma and long-survival Yoshida sarcoma variants: origin of Yoshida sarcoma revisited. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 1994, 85, 1099-1104.
70. Liotta, L.A. Tumor invasion and metastasis-role of the ECM: Rhoads Memorial Award Lecture. Cancer Res., 1986, 46, 1-7.
71. Nicolson, G.L. Organ specificity of tumor metastasis: role of preferential adhesion, invasion and growth of malignant cells at specific secondary sites. Cancer Metastasis Rev., 1988, 7, 143-188.
72. Klein, E. Exp. Gradual transformation of solid into ascites tumors. Evidence factoring the mutation-selection theory. Cell Res., 1955, 8, 188-212.
73. Yoshida, T. Contribution of the ascites hepatoma to the concept of malignancy. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 1956, 63, 852-881.
74. Raz, A., Ben-Ze'ev, A. Modulation of the metastatic capability in B16 melanoma by cell shape. Science, 1983, 221, 1307-1310.
75. Kawaguchi, T., Watanabe, K., Sugino, T., Sakuma, A., Igarashi, S., Ono, T., Nakamura, K., Kimura, A., Yokoya, S., Ozawa, M., Muramatsu, T. Establishment and characterization of metastatic ascites hepatoma variants with different adhesive properties to substrate in vitro. In Recent Progress of Life Science Technology in Japan; Ikawa, Y., Wada, A., Eds.; Academic Press: Tokyo, 1989, pp. 267-279.
76. Kawaguchi, T., Igarashi, S., Wakabayashi, H., Yokoya, S., Fukui, K. Substrate adhesiveness and experimental potential of rat ascites hepatoma AH7974-derived variant sublines. Clin. Exp. Metastasis, 1992, 10, 225-238.
77. Kawaguchi, T., Ono, T., Wakabayashi, H., Igarashi, S. Cell surface laminin-like substances and laminin-related carbohydrates of rat ascites hepatoma AH7974 and its variants with different lung-colonizing potential. Clin. & Exp. Metastasis, 1994, 12, 203-212.
78. Ono, T. Establishment and characterization of adherent and nonadherent tumor cell lines originated from rat ascites hepatoma AH7974 in serum-free medium: their producibility of and adhesiveness to ECM protein and metastatic potency. Fukushima Igaku Zasshi, 1989, 39, 333-350. (in Japanese)
79. Murray, J.C., Liotta, L., Rennard, S.I., Martin, G.R. Adhesion characteristics of murine metastatic and nonmetastatic tumor cells in vitro. Cancer Res., 1980, 40, 347-351.
80. Bal de Kier Joffe, E., Puricelli, L., de Lustig, E.S. Modified adhesion behavior after in vitro passage of two related murine mammary adenocarcinomas with different metastasizing ability. Invasion Metastasis, 1986, 6, 302-312.
81. Terranova, V.P., Liotta, L.A., Russo, R.G., Martin, G.R. Role of laminin in the attachment and metastasis of murine tumor cells. Cancer Res., 1982, 42, 2265-2269.
82. Castronovo, V., Colin, C., Claysmith, A.P., Chen, P.H., Lifrange, E., Lambotte, R., Krutzsch, H., Liotta, L.A., Sobel, M.E. Immunodetection of the metastasis-associated laminin receptor in human breast cancer cells obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Am. J. Pathol., 1990, 137, 1373-1381.
83. Takazawa, H. Association between expression of integrin (VLA-3, VLA-5) and malignancy in human colon-cancer. Nippon Rinsho, 1995, 53, 1672-1677. (in Japanese)
84. Kimura, A., Kawaguchi, T., Ono, T., Sakuma, A., Yokoya, S., Kochi, H., Nakamura. K. Cell-surface heparan sulfate and adhesive property of sublines of rat ascites hepatoma AH7974. J. Cell Sci., 1988, 90, 683-689.
85. Sanderson, R.D. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans in invasion and metastasis. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol., 2001, 12, 89-98.
86. Nakajima, M., Irimura, T., Di Ferrante, D., Di Ferrante, N., Nicolson, G.L. Heparan sulfate degradation: relation to tumor invasive and metastatic properties of mouse B16 melanoma sublines. Science, 1983, 220, 611-613.
87. Kawaguchi, T., Ono, T., Sakuma, A., Igarashi, S., Wakabayashi, H., Yokoya, S. Expression of FN and laminin of tumor cells with different substratum adhesiveness and experimental metastatic potential. Igaku no Ayumi, 1990, 152, 113-114. (in Japanese)
88. Ozawa, M., Sato, M., Muramatsu, H., Hamada, H., Muramatsu, T. A membrane glycoprotein involved in teratocarcinoma cell adhesion to substratum. Exp. Cell Res., 1985, 158, 127-143.
89. Rieber, M., Castillo, M.A., Richer, M.S., Irwin, J.C., Urbina, C. Decrease in tumor cell attachment and in a 140-kDa fibronectin receptor correlate with greater expression of multiple 34-kDa surface proteins and cytoplasmic 54-kDa components. Int. J. Cancer, 1988 41, 96-100.
90. Blumenstock, F.A., Saba, T.M., Weber, P., Laffin, R. Biochemical and immunological characterization of human opsonic alpha 2SB glycoprotein: its identify with cold-insoluble globulin. J. Biol. Chem., 1978, 253, 4287-4291.
91. Varani, J., Lovett, E.J. 3rd., McCoy, J.P. Jr., Shibata, S., Maddox, D.E., Goldstein, I.J., Wicha, M. Differential expression of lamininlike substance by high- and low-metastatic tumor cells. Am. J. Pathol., 1983, 111, 27-34.
92. Kawaguchi, T., Igarashi, S., Kono, K. Tumor cell adhesiveness and metastasis-its pathological bases. Biotherapy, 1993, 7 1141-1150. (in Japanese)
93. Kawaguchi, T., Kanno, M., Kimijima, I., Abe, R. Carbohydrate expression of tumor cells and prognosis of breast cancer- analysis on human cancer and experimental certification on mechanism (translation from Japanese title). Basic Invest. Breast Carcinoma, 1997, 6, 41-47. (in Japanese)
94. Grimstad, I.A., Varani, J., McCoy, J.P. Jr. Contribution of α-D-galactopyranoside end groups to attachment of highly and low metastatic murine fibrosarcoma cells to various substrates. Exp. Cell Res., 1984, 155, 345-358.
95. Hiserodt, J.C., Laybourn, K.A., Varani, J. Laminin inhibits the recognition of tumor target cells by murine natural killer (NK) and natural cytotoxic (NC) lymphocytes. Am. J. Pathol., 1985, 121, 148-155.
96. Castronovo, V., Colin, C., Parent, B., Foidart, J.M., Lambotte, R., Mahieu, P. Possible role of human natural anti-Gal antibodies in the natural antitumor defense system. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 1989, 81, 212-216.
97. Galili, U., Macher, B.A. Interaction between anti-Gal and human tumor cells: a natural defense mechanism? J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1989, 81, 178-179.
98. Ooishi, M., Kawaguchi, T., Hoshi, K., Morimura, Y., Sato, A., Suzuki, T. Immunohistochemical demonstration of laminin in endometrial cancer of uterus in relation to it's invasion and metastasis. Acta Obstet. Gynaecol. Jpn., 1995, 47, 955-956.
99. Hakomori, S. Aberrant glycosylation in tumors and tumor-associated tumor antigens. Adv. Cancer Res., 1989, 52, 257-331.
100. Kawaguchi, T. Adhesion molecules and carbohydrates in cancer metastasis. Rinsho-Byori, 1996, 44, 1138-1146. (in Japanese)
101. Kawaguchi, T., Kanno, M., Kimijima, I., Abe, R. Lymph node metastasis-related carbohydrate network of tumor cells in primary breast cancer- complement. Basic Invest. Breast Carcinoma, 1996, 5, 33-36. (in Japanese)
102. Terashima, S., Takano, Y., Ohori, T., Kanno, T., Kimura, T., Motoki, R., Kawaguchi, T. Soybean agglutinin binding as a useful prognostic indication in stomach cancer. Surg. Today, 1997, 27, 293-297.
103. Fujiu, K., Kawaguchi, T., Suzuki, H., Kushida, M., Kanno, R., Oishi, A., Inoue, H., Motoki, R. Expression of mucin type core carbohydrates in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and its relationship to metastasis and outcome. Lung Cancer, 1997, 37, 301-311. (in Japanese)
104. Kawaguchi, T., Takano, Y., Ohori, T., Ito, F., Koyama, S., Kanno, T. Carbohydrate expression of tumor cells in progression of gastric cancer from early to advanced stage. Stomach Intestine, 1997, 32, 797-808. (in Japanese)
105. Kawaguchi, T., Kanno, M., Kimijima, I., Abe, R. Lymph node metastasis-related carbohydrate network of tumor cells in primary breast cancer- complement. Basic Invest. Breast Carcinoma, 1998, 7, 59-63. (in Japanese)
106. Terashima, S., Takano, Y., Ohori, T., Kanno, T., Kimura, T., Motoki, R., Kawaguchi, T. Sialyl-Tn antigen as a useful predictor of poor prognosis in patients with advanced stomach cancer. Surg. Today, 1998, 28, 682-686.
107. Ohori, T., Kawaguchi, T. Carbohydrate expression of carcinoma cells associated with metastasis and prognosis in advanced gastric carcinomas: a clinocopathological study. Fukushima Igaku Zasshi, 1998, 48, 25-36. (in Japanese)
108. Tsuchiya, A., Kanno, M., Kawaguchi, T., Endo, Y., Zhang, G-J., Ohtake, T., Kimijima, I. Prognostic relevance of Tn expression in breast cancer. Breast Cancer, 1999, 6, 175-180.
109. Suzuki, O., Nozawa, Y., Kawaguchi, T., Abe, M. Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinating lectin-binding reactivity in human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and its relevance to the patient's clinical outcome: Lectin histochemistry and lectin blot analysis. Pathol. Int. 1999, 49, 874-880.
110. Kawaguchi, T., Kanno, M., Kimijima, I., Takazawa, H., Imai, S., Hilgers, J. Is MUC1 a carrier protein of Tn antigen? Studies on molecules and clinicopathological parameters. Basic Invest. Breast Carcinoma, 1999, 8, 62-66. (in Japanese)
111. Takano, Y., Teranishi, Y., Terashima, S., Motoki, R., Kawaguchi, T. Lymph node metastasis-related carbohydrates epitopes of gastric cancer with submucosal invasion. Surg. Today, 2000, 30, 1073-1082.
112. Konno, A., Hoshino, Y., Terashima, S., Motoki, R., Kawaguchi, T. Carbohydrate expression profile of colorectal tumor cells is relevant to metastatic pattern and prognosis. Clin. Exp. Metastasis, 2002 19, 61-70.
113. Suzuki, O., Nozawa, Y., Kawaguchi, T., Abe, M. UDP-GlcNAc2-epimerase regulates cell surface sialylation and cell adhesion to extracellar matrix in Burkitt's lymphoma. Int. J. Oncol. 2002, 20, 1005-1011.
114. Suzuki, H., Kawaguchi, T., Higuchi, M., Shio, Y., Fujiu, K., Kanno, R., Ohishi, A., Motoki, R., Gotoh, M. Expression of peanut agglutinin-binding carbohydrates correlates with nodal involvement in human lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Lett., 2002, 187, 215-221.
115. Suzuki, O., Nozawa, Y., Kawaguchi, T., Abe, M. Alpha-2,6-sialylation of L-PHA reactive oligosaccharides and expression of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V in human diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Oncol. Rep., 2003, 10, 1759-1764.
116. Springer, G.F. T and Tn, general carcinoma autoantigens. Science, 1984, 224, 1198-1206.
117. Dabelsteen, E. Cell surface carbohydrates as prognostic markers in human carcinomas. J. Pathol., 1996, 179, 358-369.
118. Brooks, S.A. The involvement of Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) binding N-acetylgalactosamine glycans in cancer progression. Histol. Histopathol., 2000, 15, 143-158.
119. Dennis, J.W., Lafert, S., Waghorne, C., Breitman, M., Kerbel, R.S. β1-6 branching of Asn-linked oligosaccharides is directly associated with metastasis. Science, 1987, 236, 582-585.
120. Seelentag, W.K., Li, W.P., Schmitz, S.F., Metzger, U., Aeberhard, P., Heitz, P.U., Roth, J. Prognostic value of β1,6-branched oligosaccharides in human colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Res., 1998, 58, 5559-5564.
121. Fernandes, B., Sagman, U., Auger, M., Demetrio, M., Dennis, J.W. β1-6 branched oligosaccharides as a marker of tumor progression in human breast and colon neoplasia. Cancer Res., 1991, 51 718-723.
122. Chammas, R., Celia, N., Marques, L.A., Brentani, R.R., Hynes, N.E., Franco, E.L.F. β1-6 branched oligosaccharides as a marker of cancer and the relationship with ABO secretor status. J. Pathol., 1986, 150, 135-144.
123. Hammarstrom, S., Murphy, L.A., Goldstein, I.J., Etzler, M.E. Carbohydrate binding specificity of four N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-'specific' lectins: Helix pomatia A hemagglutinin, Soy bean agglutinin, Lima bean lectin, and Dolichos biflorus lectin. Biochemistry, 1977, 16, 2750-2755.
124. Irimura, T., Denda, K., Iida, S.I., Takeuchi, H., Kato, K. Diverse glycosylation of MUC1 and MUC2: potential significance in tumor immunity. J. Biochem., 1999, 126, 975-985.
125. Rye, P.D., Fodstad, O., Emilsten, E., Bryne, M. Invasion potential and N-acetylgalactosamine expression in a human melanoma model. Int. J. Cancer, 1998, 75, 609-614.
126. Okuyama, T., Maehara, Y., Kakeji, Y., Tuijitani, S., Korenaga, D., Sugimachi, K. Interaction between tumor-associated cell surface glycoprotein and host immune response in gastric carcinoma patients. Cancer, 1998, 82, 1468-1475.
127. Ye, C., Kiriyama, K., Mitsuoka, C., Kannagi, R., Ito, K., Watanabe, T., Kondo, K., Akiyama, S., Takagi, H. Expression of E-selectin on endothelial cells of small veins in human colorectal cancer. Int. J. Cancer, 1995, 61, 455-460.
128. Tomlinson, J., Wang, U., Barsky, S.H., Lee, M.C., Bischoff, J., Nguyen, M. Human colon tumor cells express multiple glycoprotein ligands for E-selectin. Int. J. Oncol., 2000, 16, 347-353.
129. Ota, M., Takamura, N., Irimura, T. Involvement of cell surface glycans in adhesion of human colon carcinoma cells to liver tissue in a frozen section assay: role of endo-β-galactosidase-sensitive structures. Cancer Res., 2000, 60, 5261-5268.
130. King, M.J., Chan, A., Roe, R., Warren, B.F., Dell, A., Morris, H.R., Bartolo, D.C., Durdey, P., Corfield, A.P. Two different glycosyltransferase defects that resulted in GalNAc-O-peptide (Tn) expression. Glycobiology. 1994, 4, 267-279.
131. Irimura, T., Nakamori, S., Matsushita, Y. Colorectal cancer metastasis determined by carbohydrate-mediated cell adhesion: role of sialyl-Lex antigen. Semin. Cancer Biol., 1993, 4, 319-324.
132. Bronckart, Y., Nagy, N., Decaestecker, C., Bounckaert, Y., Remmelink, M., Gielen, I., Hittelet, A., Darro, F., Pector, J.C., Yeaton, P., Danguy, A., Kiss, R., Salmon, I. Grading dysplasia in colorectal adenomas by means of the quantitative binding pattern determination of Arachis hypogaea, Dolichos biflorus, Amaranthus caudatus, Maackia amurensis, and Sambucus nigra agglutinins. Hum. Pathol., 1999 30, 1178-1191.
133. Tollefsen, S.E., Kornfeld, R. The B4 lectin from Vicia villosa seeds interacts with N-acetylgalactosamine residues α-linked to serine or threonine residues in cell surface glycoproteins. J. Biol. Chem., 1983, 258, 5172-5176.
134. Kellokumpu, I.H. Differences in lectin reactivities of cellular glycoconjugates between primary human colorectal carcinomas and their metastases. Cancer Res., 1986, 46, 4620-4625.
135. Nishiyama, T., Matsumoto, Y., Watanabe, H., Fujiwara, M., Sato, S. Detection of Tn antigen with Vicia villosa agglutinin in urinary bladder cancer: its relevance to the patient's clinical course. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 1987, 78, 1113-1118.
136. Itzkowitz, SH., Yuan, M., Montgomery, C.K., Kjeldsen, T., Takahashi, H.K., Bigbee, W.L., Kim, Y.S. Expression of Tn, sialyl-Tn, and T antigens in human colon cancer. Cancer Res., 1989, 49 197-204.
137. Itzkowitz, SH., Kjeldsen, T., Friera, A., Hakomori, S-I., Yang, U-S., Kim, Y.S. Expression of Tn, sialyl Tn, and T antigens in human pancreas. Gastroenterology, 1991, 100, 1961-1700.
138. Hirao, T., Sakamoto, Y., Kamada, M., Hamada, S., Aono, T. Tn antigen, a marker of potential for metastasis of uterine cervix cancer cells. Cancer, 1993, 72, 154-159.
139. Hamada, S-I., Furumoto, H., Kamada, M., Hirao, T., Aono, T. High expression rate of Tn antigen in metastatic lesions of uterine cervical cancers. Cancer Lett., 1993, 74, 167-173.
140. Terasawa, K., Furumoto, H., Kamada, M., Aono, T. Expression of Tn and sialyl-Tn antigens in neoplastic transformation of uterine cervical epithelial cells. Cancer Res., 1996, 56, 2229-2232.
141. Abe, M., Suzuki, O., Tasaki, K., Tominaga, K., Wakasa, H. Analysis of lectin binding properties on human Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines that show high spontaneous metastasis to distant organs in SCID mice: The binding sites for soybean agglutinin lectin masked by sialylation are closely associated with metastatic lymphoma cells. Pathol Int., 1996, 46, 977-983.
142. Kawaguchi T., Tobai, S., Nakamura, K. Extravascular migration of tumor cells in the brain: an electron microscopic study. Invasion & Metastasis 1982, 2, 40-50.
143. Liotta, L,K., Tryggvason, K., Garbisa, S., Hart, I., Foltz, C.M. Metastatic potential correlates with enzymatic degradation of basement membrane collage. Nature, Lond., 1980, 284, 67-68.
144. Kramer, R.H., Vogel, K.G., Nicolson, G.L. Solubilization and degradation of subendothelial matrix glycoproteins and proteoglycans by metastatic tumor cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1981, 257, 2678-1686.
145. Kawaguchi T., Kawaguchi, M., Dulski, K.M., Nicolson, G.L. Cellular behavior of metastatic B16 melanoma in experimental blood-borne implantation and cerebral invasion an electron microscopic study. Invasion Metastasis, 1985, 5, 16-30.