After-affects: How automatic evaluations influence the interpretation of subsequent, unrelated stimuli

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

Volumn 41, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 182-191

  Ferguson, Melissa J ^a   Bargh, John A ^b   Nayak, David A ^a  

^a Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

^b YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Automaticity; Evaluations; Evaluative priming; Impression formation; Judgment and decision making; Priming; Social cognition

Indexed keywords

EID: 13844265924     PISSN: 00221031     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2004.05.008     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. J.A. Anderson E. Rosenfeld Neurocomputing: Foundations of research 1988 MIT Press Cambridge, MA
2. D.A. Balota Automatic semantic activation and episodic memory encoding Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 22 1983 88-104
3. M.R. Banaji Implicit evaluations can be measured. In: H.L. Roediger III J.S. Nairne I. Neath A. Surprenant (Eds.) The nature of remembering: Essays in honor of Robert G. Crowder 2001 American Psychological Association Washington, DC 117-150
4. J.A. Bargh Conditional automaticity: Varieties of automatic influence in social perception and cognition. In: J.S. Uleman J.A. Bargh (Eds.) Unintended though 1989 Guilford New York 3-51
5. J.A. Bargh R.N. Bond W.J. Lombardi M.E. Tota The additive nature of chronic and temporary sources of construct accessibility Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 50 1986 869-878
6. J.A. Bargh S. Chaiken R. Govender F. Pratto The generality of the automatic evaluation activation effect Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 62 1992 893-912
7. J.A. Bargh S. Chaiken P. Raymond C. Hymes The automatic evaluation effect: Unconditional automatic evaluation activation with a pronunciation task Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 32 1996 104-128
8. J.A. Bargh T.L. Chartrand The mind in the middle: A practical guide to priming and automaticity research. In: H. Reis C. Judd (Eds.) Research methods in social psychology 2000 Cambridge University Press New York 253-285
9. J.T. Cacioppo G.G. Berntson Relationship between evaluations and evaluative space: A critical review, with emphasis on the separability of positive and negative substrates Psychological Bulletin 115 1994 401-423
10. M. Chen J.A. Bargh Consequences of automatic evaluation: Immediate behavioral predispositions to approach and avoid the stimulus Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25 1999 215-224
11. J.C. Croizet S.T. Fiske Moderation of priming by goals: Feeling entitled to judge increases judged usability of evaluative primes Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 36 2000 155-181
12. W.A. Cunningham M.K. Johnson J.C. Gatenby J.C. Gore M.R. Banaji Neural components of social evaluation Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003
13. P.G. Devine Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56 1989 5-18
14. C.A. Erdley P.R. D'Agostino Cognitive and affective components of automatic priming effects Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54 1988 741-747
15. R.H. Fazio On the automatic activation of associated evaluations: An overview Cognition and Emotion 14 2001 1-27
16. R.H. Fazio J.R. Jackson B.C. Dunton C.J. Williams Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial evaluations. A bona fide pipeline? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69 1995 1013-1027
17. R.H. Fazio M.C. Powell P.M. Herr Toward a process model of the evaluation-behavior relation: Accessing one's evaluation upon mere observation of the evaluation object Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 44 1983 723-735
18. R.H. Fazio D.M. Sanbonmatsu M.C. Powell F.R. Kardes On the automatic activation of evaluations Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 50 1986 229-238
19. F. Ferraro G. Kellas Normative data for number of word meanings Behavior Research Methods Instruments and Computers 22 1990 491-498
20. A.G. Greenwald M.R. Klinger T.J. Liu Unconscious processing of dichoptically masked words Memory & Cognition 17 1989 35-47
21. A.G. Greenwald D.E. McGhee J.K.L. Schwartz Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74 1998 1464-1480
22. D. Hermans J. DeHouwer P. Eelen The affective priming effect: Automatic activation of evaluative information in memory Cognition and Emotion 8 1994 515-533
23. E.T. Higgins Knowledge activation: Accessibility, applicability, and salience. In: E.T. Higgins A.W. Kruglanski (Eds.)nSocial psychology: Handbook of basic principles 1996 Guilford New York 133-168
24. E.T. Higgins W.S. Rholes C.R. Jones Category accessibility and impression formation Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 13 1977 141-154
25. K.C. Klauer J. Musch Affective priming: Findings and theories. In: K.C. Klauer J. Musch (Eds.) The psychology of evaluation: Affective processes in cognition and emotion 2003 Erlbaum Mahwah, NJ 7-50
26. K.C. Klauer E. Stern How evaluations guide memory-based judgments: A two-process model Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 28 1992 186-206
27. M.R. Klinger P.C. Burton G.S. Pitts Mechanisms of unconscious priming: I. Response competition, not spreading activation Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 26 2000 441-455
28. A.B. Levey I. Martin Classical conditioning of human "evaluative" responses Behaviour Research and Therapy 13 1975 221-226
29. C.M. MacLeod Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review Psychological Bulletin 109 1991 163-203
30. McClelland, J. L., Rumelhart, D. E., & PDP Research Group (Eds.). (1986). Parallel distributed processing: Vol. 2. Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
31. A.R. McConnell J.M. Leibold Relations among the Implicit Association Test, discriminatory behavior, and explicit measures of racial evaluations Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 37 2001 435-442
32. S.T. Murphy R.B. Zajonc Affect, cognition, and awareness: Affective priming with suboptimal and optimal stimuli Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 64 1993 723-739
33. J.H. Neely Semantic priming effects in visual word recognition: A selective review of current findings and theories. In: D. Besner G. Humphreys (Eds.) Basic processes in reading: Visual word recognition 1991 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ 264-336
34. C. Sedikides Effects of fortuitously activated constructs versus activated communication goals on person impressions Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 58 1990 397-408
35. E.R. Smith Preconscious automaticity in a modular connectionist system. In: R.S. Wyer (Ed.) Advances in social cognition Vol. 10 1997 Erlbaum Mahway, NJ 181-202
36. Smith, E. R. (2000, February). Connectionist representation of evaluation. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Nashville, TN
37. E.R. Smith R.H. Fazio M.A. Cejka Accessible evaluations influence categorization of multiply categorizable objects Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 71 1996 888-898
38. D.A. Stapel W. Koomen How far do we go beyond the information given?: The impact of knowledge activation on interpretation and inference Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78 2000 19-37
39. E. Walther Guilty by mere association: Evaluative conditioning and the spreading evaluation effect Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82 2002 919-924
40. D. Wentura Activation and inhibition of affective information: Evidence for negative priming in the evaluation task Cognition and Emotion 13 1999 65-91
41. D. Wentura Dissociative affective and associative priming effects in the lexical decision task: Yes versus no responses to word targets reveal evaluative judgmental tendencies Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 26 2000 456-469