Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without obsessive-compulsive behaviours: Clinical characteristics, cognitive assessment, and risk factors

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 50, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 59-66

  Arnold, Paul Daniel ^a,b   Ickowicz, Abel ^b,c   Chen, Shirley ^c   Schachar, Russell ^b,c  

^a CENTRE FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEALTH   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

Author keywords

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Family history; Inhibitory control; Obsessive compulsive behaviour; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

ALERTNESS; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; ATTITUDE; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; CLINICAL FEATURE; COGNITION; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FAMILY HISTORY; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MENTAL DISEASE; NEUROBIOLOGY; OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER; PERFECTIONISM; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOSOCIAL DISORDER; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

EID: 13744255110     PISSN: 07067437     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/070674370505000111     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Cantwell D. Attention deficit disorder: a review of the past 10 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996;35:978-87.
2. Geller D, Biederman J, Jones J, Shapiro S, Schwartz S, Park K. Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents: a review. Harv Rev Psychiatry 1998;5:260-73.
3. Swedo S, Rapoport J, Leonard H, Lenane M, Cheslow D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989;46:335-41.
4. Hanna G. Demographic and clinical features of obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1995;34:19-27.
5. Geller D, Biederman J, Griffin S, Jones L, Lefkowitz T. Comorbidity of juvenile obsessive-compulsive disorder with disruptive behaviour disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996;35:1637-46.
6. Leonard H, Swedo S, Lenane M, Rettew D, Hamburger S. A 2- to 7-year follow-up study of 54 obsessive-compulsive children and adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:429-39.
7. Reddy YJ, Reddy PS, Srinath S, Khanna S, Sheshadri S, Girimaji S. Comorbidity in juvenile obsessive-compulsive disorder: a report from India. Can J Psychiatry 2000;45:274-8.
8. Jensen P, Martin D, Cantwell D. Comorbidity in ADHD: implications for research, practice, and DSM-V. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997;36:1065-79.
9. Jensen P, Hinshaw S, Kraemer H, Lenora N, Newcorn J, Abikoff H, and others. ADHD Comorbidity findings from the MTA study: comparing comorbid subgroups. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2001;40:147-58.
10. MTA. A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56:1073-86.
11. Carlsson M. On the role of cortical glutamate in obsessive-compulsive disorder in obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, two hypothetically phenomenologically antithetical conditions. Acta Psychiatrica Scand 2000; 102:41-3.
12. Borcherding B, Keysor C, Rapoport J, Elia J, Amass J. Motor/vocal tics and compulsive behaviors on stimulant drugs: is there a common vulnerability? Psychiatry Res 1990;33:83-94.
13. Kouris S. Methylphenidate-induced obsessive-compulsiveness. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1998;37:135.
14. Riddle M, King R, Hardin M, Scahill L, Ort S, Chappell P, and others. Behavioral side effects of fluoxetine in children and adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 1991;1:193-8.
15. Tierney E, Joshi P, Llinas J, Rosenberg L, Riddle M. Sertraline for major depression in children and adolescents: preliminary clinical experience. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 1995;5:13-27.
16. Sheppard D, Bradshaw J, Purcell R, Pantelis C. Tourette's and comorbid syndromes: obsessive-compulsive and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. A common etiology? Clin Psychol Rev 1999;19:531-52.
17. Fitzgerald K, McMaster F, Paulson L, Rosenberg D. Neurobiology of childhood OCD. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 1999;8:533-75.
18. Barkley R. Genetics of childhood disorders: XVII. ADHD. Part 1. Executive functions and ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;39:1064-8.
19. Greisberg S, McKay D. Neuropsychology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a review and treatment implications. Clin Psychol Rev 2003;23:95-117.
20. Beers S, Rosenberg D, Dick E, Williams T, O'Hearn K, Birmaher B, and others. Neuropsychological study of frontal lobe function in psychotropic-naive children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:777-9.
21. Biederman J, Faraone SV, Keenan K, Benjamin J, Krifcher B, Moore C, and others. Further evidence for family-genetic risk factors in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Patterns of comorbidity in probands and relatives psychiatrically and pediatrically referred samples. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49:728-38.
22. Nestadt G, Samuels J, Riddle M, Bienvenu OJ, Liang KY, LaBuda M, and others. A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000;57:358-63.
23. Pauls D, Alsobrook JP, Goodman W, Rasmussen S, Leckman J. A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:76-84.
24. Gjone H, Stevenson J, Sundet JM. Genetic influence on parent-reported attention-related problems in a Norwegian general population twin sample. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996;35:588B96; discussion 596-8.
25. Carey G, Gottesman I. Twin and family studies of anxiety, phobic and obsessive disorders. In: Klein D, Rabkin J, editors. Anxiety: new research and changing concepts. New York: Raven Press; 1981.
26. Inouye E. Similar and dissimilar manifestations of obsessive-compulsive neurosis in monozygotic twins. Am J Psychiatry 1965;121:1171-5.
27. Milberger S, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Quite J, Tsuang MT. Pregnancy, delivery and infancy complications and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: issues of gene-environment interaction. Biol Psychiatry 1997;41(1):65-75.
28. Biederman J, Milberger S, Faraone SV, Kiely K, Guite J, Mick E, and others. Family-environment risk factors for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. A test of Rutter's indicators of adversity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:464-70.
29. Lou HC. Etiology and pathogenesis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): significance of prematurity and perinatal hypoxic-haemodynamic encephalopathy. Acta Paediatr 1996;85:1266-71.
30. Aronson M, Hagberg B, Gillberg C. Attention deficits and autistic spectrum problems in children exposed to alcohol during gestation: a follow-up study. Dev Med Child Neurol 1997;39:583-7.
31. Geller D, Biederman J, Faraone S, Cradock K, Hagermoser L, Zaman N, and others. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: fact or artifact? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2002;41(1):52-8.
32. Ickowicz A, Schachar R, Sugarman R, Chen S, Millette C, Cook L, and others. Reliability and validity of the Parent Interview for Child Symptoms (PICS). Paper presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; 2002 Oct 22-27; San Francisco (CA).
33. Tannock R, Hum M, Masellis M, Humphries T, Schachar R. Teacher Telephone Interview for children's academic performance, attention, behaviour, and learning: DSM-1V version (TT1-IV). Toronto: The Hospital for Sick Children; 2002.
34. Conners C. Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Long Version (CPRS-R:L). Toronto (ON): Multi-Health Systems; 1997.
35. Conners C. Conners' Teacher Rating Scale-Revised: Long Version (CTRS-R:L). Toronto (ON): Multi-Health Systems; 1997.
36. Wechsler D. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-3rd ed. (WISC-III). San Antonio (TX): The Psychological Corporation-Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Inc; 1991.
37. Wilkinson G. The Wide Range Achievement Test. 3rd ed (WRAT3). Wilmington (DE): Wide Range Inc; 1993.
38. Woodcock R. Woodcock Reading Mastery Test-Revised (WRMT-R). Circle Pines (MN): American Guidance Service, Inc; 1987.
39. Semel E, Wiig E, Secord W. Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-3rd ed (CELF-3). San Antonio (TX): The Psychological Corporation-Harcourt Brace & Co; 1995.
40. Reynolds C, Richmond B. Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) Manual. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services; 1985.
41. Kovacs M. Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Toronto (ON): Multi-Health Systems; 1992.
42. Logan G, Cowan W, Davis K. On the ability to inhibit simple and choice reaction time responses: a model and a method. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 1984;10:276-91.
43. Boyle M, Offord D, Racine Y, Fleming J, Szatmari P, Sanford M. Evaluation of the revised Ontario Child Health Study scales. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1993;34:189-213.
44. Offord D, Boyle M, Szatmari P. Ontario Child Health Study. II. Six-month prevalence of disorder and rates of service utilization. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987;44:832-6.
45. Crosbie J, Schachar R. Deficient inhibition as a marker for familial ADHD. Am J Psychiatry 2001;158:1884-90.
46. Heyman I, Fombonne E, Simmons H, Ford T, Meltzer H, Goodman R. Prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the British nationwide survey of child mental health. Br J Psychiatry 2001;179:324-9.
47. Peterson B, Pine D, Cohen P, Brook J. Prospective, longitudinal study of tic, obsessive-compulsive, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders in an epidemiological sample. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2001;40:685-95.
48. Moll G, Eysenbach K, Woerner W, Banaschewski T, Schmidt M, Rothenberger A. Quantitative and qualitative aspects of obsessive-compulsive behaviour in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder compared with tic disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scand 2000; 101:389-94.
49. Schachar R, Tannock R, Marriott M, Logan G. Deficient inhibitory control in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1995;23:411-37.
50. Geller DA, Coffey B, Faraone S, Hagermoser L, Zaman NK, Farrell CL, and others. Does comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder impact the clinical expression of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder? CNS Spectr 2003;8:259-64.
51. Berkson J. Limitations of the application of fourfold table analysis to hospital data. Biometrics 1946;2:47-51.
52. Scahill L, Riddle MA, McSwiggin-Hardin M, Ort SI, King RA, Goodman WK, and others. Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: Reliability and Validity. J Am Acad Child Adolescent Psychiatry 1997;36:844-52.