메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 156, Issue 1 SPEC. ISS., 2005, Pages 127-161

Determination of age and gender differences in biochemical processes affecting the disposition of 2-butoxyethanol and its metabolites in mice and rats to improve PBPK modeling

Author keywords

2 Butoxyethanol; Butoxyacetic acid; PBPK modeling

Indexed keywords

2 BUTOXYETHANOL; ACETIC ACID DERIVATIVE;

EID: 13544274325     PISSN: 03784274     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.08.013     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (13)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0031808404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of liver alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes in the oxidation of glycolethers in male and female rats
    • L. Aasmoe, J.-O. Winberg, and J. Aarbakke The role of liver alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes in the oxidation of glycolethers in male and female rats Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 150 1998 86 90
    • (1998) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.150 , pp. 86-90
    • Aasmoe, L.1    Winberg, J.-O.2    Aarbakke, J.3
  • 2
    • 84874756631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethylene Glycol Ethers Panel, July 2000
    • American Chemistry Council (ACC), 2000. Ethylene Glycol Ethers Panel, EGBE: A World of Solutions, July 2000. http://www.egep.org/.
    • (2000) EGBE: A World of Solutions
  • 3
    • 0026100996 scopus 로고
    • Liver slices in dynamic organ culture. I. An alternative in vitro technique for the study of rat hepatic drug metabolism
    • J. Barr, A.J. Weir, K. Brendel, and I.G. Sipes Liver slices in dynamic organ culture. I. An alternative in vitro technique for the study of rat hepatic drug metabolism Xenobiotica 21 1991 331 339
    • (1991) Xenobiotica , vol.21 , pp. 331-339
    • Barr, J.1    Weir, A.J.2    Brendel, K.3    Sipes, I.G.4
  • 5
    • 0015691689 scopus 로고
    • In vitro uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) by renal cortical tissue of rabbits and rats
    • W.O. Berndt, and F. Koschier In vitro uptake of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) by renal cortical tissue of rabbits and rats Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 26 1973 559 570
    • (1973) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.26 , pp. 559-570
    • Berndt, W.O.1    Koschier, F.2
  • 6
    • 4444322964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of studies concerning the tumorigenicity of 2-butoxyethanol in B6C3F1 mice and it's relevance for human health risk assessment
    • R.J. Boatman, R.A. Corley, T. Green, J.E. Klaunig, and M. Udden Review of studies concerning the tumorigenicity of 2-butoxyethanol in B6C3F1 mice and it's relevance for human health risk assessment J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part B 7 2004 385 398
    • (2004) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part B , vol.7 , pp. 385-398
    • Boatman, R.J.1    Corley, R.A.2    Green, T.3    Klaunig, J.E.4    Udden, M.5
  • 7
    • 77956994155 scopus 로고
    • Liver alcohol dehydrogenase
    • S.P. Colowick N.O. Nathan Academic Press New York
    • R.K. Bonnichsen, and N.G. Brink Liver alcohol dehydrogenase S.P. Colowick N.O. Nathan Methods in Enzymology vol. 1 1955 Academic Press New York 495 500
    • (1955) Methods in Enzymology , vol.1 , pp. 495-500
    • Bonnichsen, R.K.1    Brink, N.G.2
  • 9
    • 0028131796 scopus 로고
    • Physiologically based pharmacokinetics of 2-butoxyethanol and its major metabolite, 2-butoxyacetic acid, in rats and humans
    • R.A. Corley, G.A. Bormett, and B.I. Ghanayem Physiologically based pharmacokinetics of 2-butoxyethanol and its major metabolite, 2-butoxyacetic acid, in rats and humans Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 129 1994 61 79
    • (1994) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.129 , pp. 61-79
    • Corley, R.A.1    Bormett, G.A.2    Ghanayem, B.I.3
  • 10
    • 0030671357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologically-based pharmacokinetics and the dermal absorption of 2-butoxyethanol vapor by humans
    • R.A. Corley, D.A. Markham, C. Banks, P. Delorme, A. Masterman, and J.M. Houle Physiologically-based pharmacokinetics and the dermal absorption of 2-butoxyethanol vapor by humans Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 39 1997 120 130
    • (1997) Fund. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.39 , pp. 120-130
    • Corley, R.A.1    Markham, D.A.2    Banks, C.3    Delorme, P.4    Masterman, A.5    Houle, J.M.6
  • 13
    • 0024557305 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and cellular basis of 2-butoxyethanol-induced hemolytic anemia in rats and assessment of human risk in vitro
    • B.I. Ghanayem Metabolic and cellular basis of 2-butoxyethanol-induced hemolytic anemia in rats and assessment of human risk in vitro Biochem. Pharmacol. 38 1989 1679 1684
    • (1989) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.38 , pp. 1679-1684
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1
  • 14
    • 0027172303 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the haemolytic activity of 2-butoxyethanol and its major metabolite, butoxyacetic acid, in various mammals including humans
    • B.I. Ghanayem, and C.A. Sullivan Assessment of the haemolytic activity of 2-butoxyethanol and its major metabolite, butoxyacetic acid, in various mammals including humans Human Exp. Toxicol. 12 1993 305 311
    • (1993) Human Exp. Toxicol. , vol.12 , pp. 305-311
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1    Sullivan, C.A.2
  • 15
    • 0023248862 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic basis of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) toxicity: Role of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases
    • B.I. Ghanayem, L.T. Burka, and H.B. Matthews Metabolic basis of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) toxicity: role of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 242 1987 222 231
    • (1987) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.242 , pp. 222-231
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1    Burka, L.T.2    Matthews, H.B.3
  • 16
    • 0023253281 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and disposition of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) in rats
    • B.I. Ghanayem, L.T. Burka, J.M. Sanders, and H.B. Matthews Metabolism and disposition of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) in rats Drug Metab. Disp. 15 1987 478 484
    • (1987) Drug Metab. Disp. , vol.15 , pp. 478-484
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1    Burka, L.T.2    Sanders, J.M.3    Matthews, H.B.4
  • 17
    • 0023248862 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic basis of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) toxicity: Role of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases
    • B.I. Ghanayem, L.T. Burka, and H.B. Matthews Metabolic basis of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) toxicity: role of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 242 1987 222 231
    • (1987) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.242 , pp. 222-231
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1    Burka, L.T.2    Matthews, H.B.3
  • 18
    • 0026603034 scopus 로고
    • Development of tolerance to 2-butoxyethanol-induced hemolytic anemia and studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms
    • B.I. Ghanayem, I.M. Sanchez, and H.B. Matthews Development of tolerance to 2-butoxyethanol-induced hemolytic anemia and studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 112 1992 198 206
    • (1992) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.112 , pp. 198-206
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1    Sanchez, I.M.2    Matthews, H.B.3
  • 19
    • 0025355412 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dose, age, inhibition of metabolism and elimination on the toxicokinetics of 2-butoxyethanol and its metabolites
    • B.I. Ghanayem, J.M. Sanders, A.M. Clark, J. Bailer, and H.B. Matthews Effects of dose, age, inhibition of metabolism and elimination on the toxicokinetics of 2-butoxyethanol and its metabolites J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 253 1990 136 143
    • (1990) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.253 , pp. 136-143
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1    Sanders, J.M.2    Clark, A.M.3    Bailer, J.4    Matthews, H.B.5
  • 21
    • 0037010616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of forestomach tumours in the mouse following exposure to 2-butoxyethanol by inhalation: Studies on the mode of action and relevance to humans
    • T. Green, A. Toghill, R. Lee, R. Moore, and J. Foster The development of forestomach tumours in the mouse following exposure to 2-butoxyethanol by inhalation: studies on the mode of action and relevance to humans Toxicology 180 2002 257 273
    • (2002) Toxicology , vol.180 , pp. 257-273
    • Green, T.1    Toghill, A.2    Lee, R.3    Moore, R.4    Foster, J.5
  • 22
    • 84946031884 scopus 로고
    • Procedures for detecting outlying observations in samples
    • F.E. Grubbs Procedures for detecting outlying observations in samples Technometrics 11 1969 1 21
    • (1969) Technometrics , vol.11 , pp. 1-21
    • Grubbs, F.E.1
  • 24
    • 0016237444 scopus 로고
    • In vitro analysis of transport of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid by rat and dog kidney
    • J.B. Hook, M.D. Bailie, and J.T. Johnson In vitro analysis of transport of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid by rat and dog kidney Fd. Cosmet. Toxicol. 12 1974 209 218
    • (1974) Fd. Cosmet. Toxicol. , vol.12 , pp. 209-218
    • Hook, J.B.1    Bailie, M.D.2    Johnson, J.T.3
  • 25
    • 84886605282 scopus 로고
    • The renal handling of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) in the dog
    • J.B. Hook, R. Cardona, J.L. Osborn, and M.D. Bailie The renal handling of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) in the dog Fd. Cosmet. Toxicol. 14 1976 19 23
    • (1976) Fd. Cosmet. Toxicol. , vol.14 , pp. 19-23
    • Hook, J.B.1    Cardona, R.2    Osborn, J.L.3    Bailie, M.D.4
  • 26
    • 0028342648 scopus 로고
    • Commentary. Utility of in vitro drug metabolism data in predicting in vivo metabolic clearance
    • J.B. Houston Commentary. Utility of in vitro drug metabolism data in predicting in vivo metabolic clearance Biochem. Pharmacol. 47 1994 1469 1479
    • (1994) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.47 , pp. 1469-1479
    • Houston, J.B.1
  • 28
    • 0022995670 scopus 로고
    • Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of inhaled 2-butoxyethanol in man
    • G. Johanson Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of inhaled 2-butoxyethanol in man Toxicol. Lett. 34 1986 23 31
    • (1986) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.34 , pp. 23-31
    • Johanson, G.1
  • 29
    • 0026172007 scopus 로고
    • Modelling of respiratory exchange of polar solvents
    • G. Johanson Modelling of respiratory exchange of polar solvents Ann. Occup. Hyg. 35 1991 323 339
    • (1991) Ann. Occup. Hyg. , vol.35 , pp. 323-339
    • Johanson, G.1
  • 30
    • 0028067501 scopus 로고
    • Inhalation toxicokinetics of butoxyethanol and its metabolite butoxyacetic acid in the male Sprague-Dawley rat
    • G. Johanson Inhalation toxicokinetics of butoxyethanol and its metabolite butoxyacetic acid in the male Sprague-Dawley rat Arch. Toxicol. 68 1994 588 594
    • (1994) Arch. Toxicol. , vol.68 , pp. 588-594
    • Johanson, G.1
  • 32
    • 0032839210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of oxidative stress and oxidative damage in rat glial cells by acrylonitrile
    • L.M. Kamendulis, J. Jiang, Y. Xu, and J.E. Klaunig Induction of oxidative stress and oxidative damage in rat glial cells by acrylonitrile Carcinogenesis 20 1999 1555 1560
    • (1999) Carcinogenesis , vol.20 , pp. 1555-1560
    • Kamendulis, L.M.1    Jiang, J.2    Xu, Y.3    Klaunig, J.E.4
  • 35
    • 0024239087 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and biochemical applications of luciferases and luciferins
    • L.J. Kricka Clinical and biochemical applications of luciferases and luciferins Anal. Biochem. 175 1988 14 21
    • (1988) Anal. Biochem. , vol.175 , pp. 14-21
    • Kricka, L.J.1
  • 36
    • 0019313649 scopus 로고
    • A new instrument for the rapid preparation of tissue slices
    • C.L. Krumdieck, J.E. Dos Santos, and K.J. Ho A new instrument for the rapid preparation of tissue slices Anal. Biochem. 104 1980 118 123
    • (1980) Anal. Biochem. , vol.104 , pp. 118-123
    • Krumdieck, C.L.1    Dos Santos, J.E.2    Ho, K.J.3
  • 37
    • 0032425229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for chronic inhalation of 2-butoxyethanol
    • K.M. Lee, J.A. Dill, B.J. Chou, and J.H. Roycroft Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for chronic inhalation of 2-butoxyethanol Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 153 1998 211 226
    • (1998) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.153 , pp. 211-226
    • Lee, K.M.1    Dill, J.A.2    Chou, B.J.3    Roycroft, J.H.4
  • 40
    • 0004555507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical report on the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of 2-butoxyethanol (CAS No. 111-76-2) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (inhalation studies)
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, NIH Publication No. 00-3974, March 2000.
    • National Toxicology Program (NTP), 2000. Technical report on the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of 2-butoxyethanol (CAS No. 111-76-2) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (inhalation studies). National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series No. 484. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, NIH Publication No. 00-3974, March 2000.
    • (2000) National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series No. 484
  • 41
    • 0037021806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of 2-butoxyethanol on hepatic oxidative damage
    • J. Park, L.M. Kamendulis, and J.E. Klaunig Effects of 2-butoxyethanol on hepatic oxidative damage Toxicol. Lett. 126 2002 19 29
    • (2002) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.126 , pp. 19-29
    • Park, J.1    Kamendulis, L.M.2    Klaunig, J.E.3
  • 42
    • 0017695951 scopus 로고
    • PH-temperature dependence of organic acid transport in rat kidney slices
    • Y. Park, and S. Solomon pH-temperature dependence of organic acid transport in rat kidney slices Am. J. Physiol. 233 1977 F382 F387
    • (1977) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.233
    • Park, Y.1    Solomon, S.2
  • 43
    • 0031213606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro uptake of methyl tert-butyl ether in male rat kidney: Use of a two-compartment model to describe protein interactions
    • T.S. Poet, and S.J. Borghoff In vitro uptake of methyl tert-butyl ether in male rat kidney: use of a two-compartment model to describe protein interactions Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 145 1997 340 348
    • (1997) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.145 , pp. 340-348
    • Poet, T.S.1    Borghoff, S.J.2
  • 44
    • 0037291129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mode of action and pharmacokinetic studies of 2-butoxyethanol in the mouse with an emphasis on forestomach dosimetry
    • T.S. Poet, J.J. Soelberg, K.K. Weitz, T.J. Mast, R.A. Miller, B.D. Thrall, and R.A. Corley Mode of action and pharmacokinetic studies of 2-butoxyethanol in the mouse with an emphasis on forestomach dosimetry Toxicol. Sci. 71 2003 176 189
    • (2003) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.71 , pp. 176-189
    • Poet, T.S.1    Soelberg, J.J.2    Weitz, K.K.3    Mast, T.J.4    Miller, R.A.5    Thrall, B.D.6    Corley, R.A.7
  • 45
    • 0017033368 scopus 로고
    • In vitro analysis of 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)acetic acid (DDA) handling by rat kidney and liver
    • J.B. Pritchard In vitro analysis of 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)acetic acid (DDA) handling by rat kidney and liver Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 38 1976 621 630
    • (1976) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.38 , pp. 621-630
    • Pritchard, J.B.1
  • 46
    • 0025677180 scopus 로고
    • Rat renal cortical slices demonstrate p-aminohippurate/glutarate exchange and sodium/glutarate coupled p-aminohippurate transport
    • J.B. Pritchard Rat renal cortical slices demonstrate p-aminohippurate/ glutarate exchange and sodium/glutarate coupled p-aminohippurate transport J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 255 1990 969 975
    • (1990) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.255 , pp. 969-975
    • Pritchard, J.B.1
  • 47
    • 0023751819 scopus 로고
    • Incorporation of in vitro enzyme data into the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for methylene chloride: Implications for risk assessment
    • R.H. Reitz, A.L. Mendrala, C.N. Park, M.E. Andersen, and F.P. Guengerich Incorporation of in vitro enzyme data into the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for methylene chloride: implications for risk assessment Toxicol. Lett. 43 1988 97 116
    • (1988) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.43 , pp. 97-116
    • Reitz, R.H.1    Mendrala, A.L.2    Park, C.N.3    Andersen, M.E.4    Guengerich, F.P.5
  • 48
    • 0000955886 scopus 로고
    • Development of renal tubular transport of TED and PAH in the puppy and piglet
    • B. Rennick, B. Hamilton, and R. Evans Development of renal tubular transport of TED and PAH in the puppy and piglet Am. J. Physiol. 201 1961 743 746
    • (1961) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.201 , pp. 743-746
    • Rennick, B.1    Hamilton, B.2    Evans, R.3
  • 49
    • 0027385211 scopus 로고
    • Determination of butoxyacetic acid and N-butoxyacetylglutamine in urine of lacquerers exposed to 2-butoxyethanol
    • A.W. Rettenmeier, R. Hennigs, and R. Wodarz Determination of butoxyacetic acid and N-butoxyacetylglutamine in urine of lacquerers exposed to 2-butoxyethanol Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 65 1993 S151 S153
    • (1993) Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health , vol.65
    • Rettenmeier, A.W.1    Hennigs, R.2    Wodarz, R.3
  • 51
    • 77957187087 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dose on the disposition of methoxyethanol, ethoxyethanol, and butoxyethanol administered dermally to male F344/N rats
    • P.J. Sabourin, M.A. Medinsky, F. Thurmond, L.S. Birnbaum, and R.F. Henderson Effect of dose on the disposition of methoxyethanol, ethoxyethanol, and butoxyethanol administered dermally to male F344/N rats Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 19 1992 124 132
    • (1992) Fund. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.19 , pp. 124-132
    • Sabourin, P.J.1    Medinsky, M.A.2    Thurmond, F.3    Birnbaum, L.S.4    Henderson, R.F.5
  • 52
    • 0027362437 scopus 로고
    • Physiologically-based modeling of 2-butoxyethanol disposition in rats following different routes of exposure
    • L.J. Shyr, P.J. Sabourin, M.A. Medinsky, L.S. Birnbaum, and R.F. Henderson Physiologically-based modeling of 2-butoxyethanol disposition in rats following different routes of exposure Environ. Res. 63 1993 202 218
    • (1993) Environ. Res. , vol.63 , pp. 202-218
    • Shyr, L.J.1    Sabourin, P.J.2    Medinsky, M.A.3    Birnbaum, L.S.4    Henderson, R.F.5
  • 54
    • 0029166517 scopus 로고
    • 2-Butoxyethanol autoprotection is due to resilience of newly formed erythrocytes to hemolysis
    • D.V. Sivarao, and H.M. Mehendale 2-Butoxyethanol autoprotection is due to resilience of newly formed erythrocytes to hemolysis Arch. Toxicol. 69 1995 526 532
    • (1995) Arch. Toxicol. , vol.69 , pp. 526-532
    • Sivarao, D.V.1    Mehendale, H.M.2
  • 57
    • 0034967246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of an integrated microanalytical system for analysis of lead in saliva and linkage to a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model describing lead saliva secretion
    • C. Timchalk, T.S. Poet, Y. Lin, K.K. Weitz, R. Zhao, and K.D. Thrall Development of an integrated microanalytical system for analysis of lead in saliva and linkage to a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model describing lead saliva secretion AIHAJ 62 2001 295 302
    • (2001) AIHAJ , vol.62 , pp. 295-302
    • Timchalk, C.1    Poet, T.S.2    Lin, Y.3    Weitz, K.K.4    Zhao, R.5    Thrall, K.D.6
  • 58
    • 0021285106 scopus 로고
    • Acute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
    • T.R. Tyler Acute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether Environ. Health Perspect. 57 1984 185 191
    • (1984) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.57 , pp. 185-191
    • Tyler, T.R.1
  • 59
    • 0028295858 scopus 로고
    • Hemolysis and deformability of erythrocytes exposed to butoxyacetic acid, a metabolite of 2-butoxyethanol. II. Resistance in red blood cells from humans with potential susceptibility
    • M.M. Udden Hemolysis and deformability of erythrocytes exposed to butoxyacetic acid, a metabolite of 2-butoxyethanol. II. Resistance in red blood cells from humans with potential susceptibility J. Appl. Toxicol. 14 1994 97 102
    • (1994) J. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.14 , pp. 97-102
    • Udden, M.M.1
  • 60
    • 0036738716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro sub-hemolytic effects of butoxyacetic acid on human and rat erythrocytes
    • M.M. Udden In vitro sub-hemolytic effects of butoxyacetic acid on human and rat erythrocytes Toxicol. Sci. 69 2002 258 264
    • (2002) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.69 , pp. 258-264
    • Udden, M.M.1
  • 61
    • 0028197303 scopus 로고
    • Hemolysis and deformability of erythrocytes exposed to butoxyacetic acid, a metabolite of 2-butoxyethanol. I. Sensitivity in rats and resistance in normal humans
    • M.M. Udden, and C.S. Patton Hemolysis and deformability of erythrocytes exposed to butoxyacetic acid, a metabolite of 2-butoxyethanol. I. Sensitivity in rats and resistance in normal humans J. Appl. Toxicol. 14 1994 91 96
    • (1994) J. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.14 , pp. 91-96
    • Udden, M.M.1    Patton, C.S.2
  • 65
    • 85030825712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining the respiratory bioavailability of water-soluble vapors using PBPK modeling and a combined gas uptake inhalation, plethysmography, and blood sampling system
    • Abstract No. 2103. Baltimore, MD, March 21-25.
    • Woodstock, A., Poet, T.S., Soelberg, J.J., Wu, H., Teeguarden, J.G., Faber, W., Francis, B., Corley, R.A., 2004. Determining the respiratory bioavailability of water-soluble vapors using PBPK modeling and a combined gas uptake inhalation, plethysmography, and blood sampling system. Abstract No. 2103. In: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Society of Toxicology Meeting, Baltimore, MD, March 21-25.
    • (2004) Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Society of Toxicology Meeting
    • Woodstock, A.1    Poet, T.S.2    Soelberg, J.J.3    Wu, H.4    Teeguarden, J.G.5    Faber, W.6    Francis, B.7    Corley, R.A.8


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.