Comorbid PTSD and social phobia in a treatment-seeking population: An exploratory study

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease

Volumn 193, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 93-101

  Zayfert, Claudia ^a,c   DeViva, Jason C ^a   Hofmann, Stefan G ^b  

^a DARTMOUTH MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c DARTMOUTH HITCHCOCK MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Comorbidity; Guilt; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Shame; Social phobia

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; CHILD ABUSE; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GUILT; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; MENTAL FUNCTION; MENTAL HEALTH; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PREVALENCE; SHAME; SOCIAL INTERACTION; SOCIAL PHOBIA; SOCIAL STATUS;

ADULT; ANXIETY DISORDERS; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; FEMALE; GUILT; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; MALE; PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; PHOBIC DISORDERS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; QUESTIONNAIRES; SHAME; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC;

EID: 13544273532     PISSN: 00223018     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000152795.47479.d9     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.
2. Andrews B, Brewin CR, Rose S, Kirk M (2000) Predicting PTSD symptoms in victims of violent crime: The role of shame, anger and childhood abuse. J Abnorm Psychol. 109:69-73.
3. Arata CM (1999) Coping with rape: The roles of prior sexual abuse and attributions of blame. J Interpers Violence. 14:62-78.
4. Arata CM, Burkhart BR (1996) Post-traumatic stress disorder among college student victims of acquaintance assault. J Psychol Human Sex. 8:79-92.
5. Barlow (2002) Anxiety and Its Disorders: The Nature and Treatment of Anxiety and Panic (2nd ed). New York: Guilford Press.
6. Beck AT, Steer RA, Garbin MG (1988a) Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clin Psychol Rev. 8:77-100.
7. Beck AT, Steer RA, Garbin MG, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA (1988b) An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 56:893-897.
8. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J (1961) An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 4:53-63.
9. Blake DD (1994) Rationale and development of the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scales. PTSD Res Q. 5:1-2.
10. Brewin CR, Andrews B, Rose S (2000) Fear, helplessness and horror in posttraumatic stress disorder: Investigating DSM-IV criterion A2 in victims of violent crime. J Trauma Stress. 2000:499-509.
11. Brown TA, DiNardo PA, Barlow DH (1994) Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV). San Antonio (TX): Psychological Corp.
12. Cox BJ, Cohen E, Direnfeld DM, Swinson RP (1996) Does the Beck Anxiety Inventory measure anything beyond panic attack symptoms? Behav Res Ther. 34:949-954.
13. Crowson JJ, Frueh BC, Beidel DC, Turner SM (1998) Self-reported symptoms of social anxiety in a sample of combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Anxiety Disord. 12:605-612.
14. DiNardo PA, Barlow DH (1988) Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule-Revised (ADIS-R). Albany (NY): Phobia and Anxiety Disorders Clinic, State University of New York.
15. Dodge CS, Hope DA, Heimberg RG, Becker RE (1988) Evaluation of the Social Interaction Self-Statement Test with a social phobic population. Cogn Ther Res. 12:211-222.
16. Dunmore E, Clark DM, Ehlers A (1999) Cognitive factors in the onset and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after physical or sexual assault. Behav Res Ther. 37:809-829.
17. Ehlers A, Steil R (1995) Maintenance of intrusive memories in posttraumatic stress disorder: A cognitive approach. Behav Cogn Psychother. 23:217-249.
18. Everill JT, Waller G (1995) Disclosure of sexual abuse and psychological adjustment in female undergraduates. Child Abuse Neglect. 19:93-100.
19. Feiring C, Rosenthal S, Taska LS (2000) Stigmatization and the development of friendship and romantic relationships in adolescent victims of sexual abuse. Child Maltreat. 5:311-322.
20. Feiring C, Taska LS, Lewis M (1998) The role of shame and attributional style in children's and adolescent's adaptation to sexual abuse. Child Maltreat. 3:129-142.
21. First MB, Gibbon M, Williams JB, Spitzer RL (1997) Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (4th ed). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press.
22. Foa EB, Ehlers A, Clark DM, Tolin DF, Orsillo SM (1999) The Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI): Development and validation. Psychol Assess. 11:303-314.
23. Glass CR, Merluzzi TV, Biever JL, Larsen DK (1982) Cognitive assessment of social anxiety: Development and validation of a self-statement questionnaire. Cogn Ther Res. 6:37-55.
24. Goisman RM, Goldenberg I, Vaile RG, Keller MB (1995) Comorbidity of anxiety disorders in a multicenter anxiety study. Compr Psychiatry. 36:303-311.
25. Green BL, Lindy JD, Grace MC, Leonard AC (1992) Chronic posttraumatic stress disorder and diagnostic comorbidity in a disaster sample. J Nerv Ment Dis. 180:760-766.
26. Henderson L, Zimbardo P (2001) Shyness, social anxiety and social phobia. In SG Hofmann, PM DiBartolo (Eds), From Social Anxiety to Social Phobia: Multiple Perspectives (pp 46-64). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
27. Henning KR, Frueh BC (1997) Combat guilt and its relationship to PTSD symptoms. J Clin Psychol. 53:801-808.
28. Hickling EJ, Blanchard EB, Buckley TC, Taylor AE (1999) Effects of attribution of responsibility for motor vehicle accidents on severity of PTSD symptoms, ways of coping and recovery over six months. J Trauma Stress. 12:345-353.
29. Hofmann SG, Litz BT, Weathers FW (2002) Social anxiety, depression and PTSD in Vietnam veterans. J Anxiety Disord. 17:573-582.
30. Hofmann SG, Roth WT (1996) Issues related to social anxiety among controls in social phobia research. Behav Ther. 27:79-91.
31. Hubbard J, Realmuto GM, Northwood AK, Masten IS (1995) Comorbidity of psychiatric diagnoses with posttraumatic stress disorder in survivors of childhood trauma. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 34:1167-1173.
32. Kagan J (2001) Temperamental contributions to affective and behavioral profiles in childhood. In SG Hofmann, PM DiBartolo (Eds), From Social Anxiety to Social Phobia: Multiple Perspectives (pp 216-234). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
33. Kubany ES, Manke FP (1995) Cognitive therapy for trauma-related guilt: Conceptual bases and treatment outlines. Cogn Behav Pract. 2:27-61.
34. Lee DA, Scragg P, Turner S (2001) The role of shame and guilt in traumatic events: A clinical model of shame-based and guilt-based PTSD. Br J Med Psychol. 74:451-466.
35. Leskela J, Dieperink M, Thuras P (2002) Shame and posttraumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 15:223-226.
36. Ligezinska M, Firestone P, Manion IG, McIntyre J, Ensom R, Wells G (1996) Children's emotional and behavioral reactions following the disclosure of extrafamilial sexual abuse: Initial effects. Child Abuse Neglect. 20:111-125.
37. Molina S, Borkovec TD (1994) The Penn State Worry Questionnaire: Psychometric properties and associated characteristics. In GC Davey, F Tallis (Eds), Worrying: Perspectives on Theory, Assessment and Treatment (pp 265-283). New York: Wiley.
38. O'Neill ML, Kerig PK (2000) Attributions of self-blame and perceived control as moderators of adjustment in battered women. J Interpers Violence. 15:1036-1049.
39. Orsillo SM, Heimberg RG, Juster HR, Garrett J (1996a) Social phobia and PTSD in Vietnam veterans. J Trauma Stress. 9:235-252.
40. Orsillo SM, Weathers FW, Litz BT, Steinberg HR, Huska JA, Keane TM (1996b) Current and lifetime psychiatric disorders among Veterans with war zone-related posttraumatic stress disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis. 184:307-313.
41. Osman A, Markway K, Osman JR (1992) Psychometric properties of the Social Interaction Self-Statement test in a college sample. Psychol Rep. 71:1171-1177.
42. Page AC (1991) An assessment of structured diagnostic interviews for adult anxiety disorders. Int Rev Psychiatry. 3:265-278.
43. Roszell DK, McFall ME, Malas KL (1991) Frequency of symptoms and concurrent psychiatric disorder in Vietnam veterans with chronic PTSD. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 42:293-296.
44. Ware JE, Sherbourne CD (1992) The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). Med Care. 30:473-481.
45. Ware JE, Snow KK, Kosinski M, Gandek B (1997) SF-36 Health Survey Manual and Interpretation Guide. Boston: Health Institute, New England Medical Center.
46. Zayfert C, Becker CB, Unger DL, Shearer DK (2002) Comorbid anxiety disorders in civilians seeking treatment for PTSD. J Trauma Stress. 15:31-38.