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4
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0346739147
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J. Christoffers, H. Oertling, N. Önal, J. Prakt. Chem. 2000, 342, 546-553.
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Christoffers, J.1
Oertling, H.2
Önal, N.3
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8
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0142120418
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S. Pelzer, T. Kauf, C. van Wüllen, J. Christoffers, J. Organomet. Chem. 2003, 684, 308-314.
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Pelzer, S.1
Kauf, T.2
Van Wüllen, C.3
Christoffers, J.4
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9
-
-
12444258512
-
-
note
-
2) into a high voltage electric field. The droplets formed contain the solvent and also the ions that have been present in solution. Some droplets will carry a small excess charge. These droplets will be affected by the applied electric field. Due to the drying gas these droplets shrink as solvent molecules evaporate. After falling short of a critical diameter (strictly speaking, the charge-to-surface ratio), the droplets explode due to increasing Coulomb forces of the remaining ions. Due to these two processes (evaporation of solvent and Coulomb explosion), the average diameter of the droplets becomes smaller and smaller until only single ionic molecules (partly solvated) remain in the gas phase and are transferred into the analyzing region of the mass spectrometer.
-
-
-
-
11
-
-
12444344460
-
-
note
-
2 and in neat ester solutions, but cannot be detected if alcoholic solvents are employed.
-
-
-
-
12
-
-
0004152586
-
-
Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford (UK)
-
N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, Chemistry of the Elements, Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford (UK), 1998, pp. 1070-1112.
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(1998)
Chemistry of the Elements
, pp. 1070-1112
-
-
Greenwood, N.N.1
Earnshaw, A.2
-
15
-
-
12444251863
-
-
note
-
[19] and the formation of a 19-electron complex is assumed to be unfavorable in this case.
-
-
-
-
16
-
-
0000771416
-
-
N. V. Novozhilova, T. N. Polynova, M. A. Porai-Koshils, N. I. Pechurova, L. I. Martynenko, A. Khadi, Zh. Strukt. Khim. 1973, 14, 745-746.
-
(1973)
Zh. Strukt. Khim.
, vol.14
, pp. 745-746
-
-
Novozhilova, N.V.1
Polynova, T.N.2
Porai-Koshils, M.A.3
Pechurova, N.I.4
Martynenko, L.I.5
Khadi, A.6
-
17
-
-
12444307242
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-
N. V. Novozhilova, T. N. Polynova, M. A. Porai-Koshits, L. I. Martynenko, Zh. Strukt. Khim. 1974, 15, 717.
-
(1974)
Zh. Strukt. Khim.
, vol.15
, pp. 717
-
-
Novozhilova, N.V.1
Polynova, T.N.2
Porai-Koshits, M.A.3
Martynenko, L.I.4
-
18
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-
0040149814
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-
X. Solans, M. Font-Altaba, J. Garcia-Oricain, Afinidad 1984, 41, 572-574.
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(1984)
Afinidad
, vol.41
, pp. 572-574
-
-
Solans, X.1
Font-Altaba, M.2
Garcia-Oricain, J.3
-
20
-
-
12444309940
-
-
note
-
3. From the absence of methyl-transfer processes in the iron-free solution, it can be deduced that the etherification is an iron-mediated reaction.
-
-
-
-
21
-
-
12444317347
-
-
note
-
Likewise, a corresponding ethyl transfer is observed for the elhyl esters concomitant with a mass shift of Δm = +28.
-
-
-
-
23
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12444309941
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-
Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universität Berlin, D83
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S. Pelzer, Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universität Berlin, D83, 2004.
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(2004)
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Pelzer, S.1
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25
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12444254937
-
-
note
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+.
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-
-
-
29
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12444272406
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B. V. Kurgane, M. T. Brakmane, Y. P. Stradyn, S. A. Giller, J. Org. Chem. USSR 1975, 917-921.
-
(1975)
J. Org. Chem. USSR
, pp. 917-921
-
-
Kurgane, B.V.1
Brakmane, M.T.2
Stradyn, Y.P.3
Giller, S.A.4
-
33
-
-
12444289254
-
-
note
-
[41] and 3) it has to be taken into account that the proton affinities mentioned here refer to the gas phase where no solvation effects are operative. These three effects cause a further stabilization of the coordinated proton and hence increase its proton affinity. Therefore, the influence of the alkoxy moiety alone on the proton affinity for the esters 1a, 1b, and 1e is expected to be less pronounced than for the respective alkyl acetates. Consequently, proton affinities of the esters 1a, 1b, and 1e can only be estimated and the difference in PAs is not expected to be large. Moreover, the expected trend will be opposed to the steric effect and both trends might therefore by and large cancel each other.
-
-
-
-
40
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0040892930
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D. Schröder, H. Schwarz, J. Hrušák, P. Pyykkö, Inorg. Chem. 1998, 37, 624-632.
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(1998)
Inorg. Chem.
, vol.37
, pp. 624-632
-
-
Schröder, D.1
Schwarz, H.2
Hrušák, J.3
Pyykkö, P.4
-
42
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0036756786
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-
D. Schröder, T. Weiske, H. Schwarz, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2002, 219, 729-738.
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(2002)
Int. J. Mass Spectrom.
, vol.219
, pp. 729-738
-
-
Schröder, D.1
Weiske, T.2
Schwarz, H.3
-
43
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-
12444304025
-
-
note
-
The ethyl esters 1b-d were measured in ethanol, while the methyl ester la was measured in methanol to avoid transesterification.
-
-
-
-
45
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-
12444329547
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-
©Mark Winter, University of Sheffield, UK
-
Calculated using the Sheffield Chemputer, see: http://www.shef. ac.uk/chemistry/chemputer (©Mark Winter, University of Sheffield, UK, 1993-2001).
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(1993)
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