Metformin and lactic acidosis: Cause or coincidence? A review of case reports

Journal of Internal Medicine

Volumn 255, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 179-187

  Stades, A M E ^a   Heikens, J T ^b   Erkelens, D W ^b   Holleman, F ^c   Hoekstra, J B L ^c  

^a DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^c ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Biguanides; Case series; Diabetes mellitus type 2; Lactic acidosis; Metformin; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

BIGUANIDE DERIVATIVE; LACTIC ACID; METFORMIN;

BLOOD PH; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DATA ANALYSIS; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; HEART RATE VARIABILITY; HUMAN; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; LACTATE BLOOD LEVEL; LACTIC ACIDOSIS; LITERATURE; MEDLINE; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PH MEASUREMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL PARAMETERS; SURVIVAL RATE;

ACIDOSIS, LACTIC; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; MALE; MEDICAL RECORDS; METFORMIN; MIDDLE AGED; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 1242340408     PISSN: 09546820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01271.x     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Bailey CJ, Turner RC. Metformin. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 574-9.
2. Wilcock C, Bailey CJ. Sites of metformin-stimulated glucose metabolism. Biochem Pharmacol 1990; 39: 1831-4.
3. Arieff AI. Pathogenesis of lactic acidosis. Diabetes Metab Rev 1989; 5: 637-19.
4. Stumvoll M, Nurjhan N, Perriello G, Dailey G, Gerich JE. Metabolic effects of metformin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 550-4.
5. Dunn CJ, Peters DH. Metformin. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Drugs 1995; 49: 721-49.
6. Brown JB, Pedula K, Barzilay J, Herson MK, Latare P. Lactic acidosis rates in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 1659-63.
7. Lalau JD, Race JM. Lactic acidosis in metformin-treated patients. Prognostic value of arterial lactate levels and plasma metformin concentrations. Drug Saf 1999; 20: 377-84.
8. Wiholm BE, Myrhed M. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis in Sweden 1977-1991. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1993; 44: 589-91.
9. Berger W, Amrein R. Lactic acidosis associated with various types of biguanide-therapy (phenformin, buformin, metformin). Results of a survey of the years 1972-1977 in Switzerland. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 1978; 67: 661-7.
10. Misbin RI, Green L, Stadel BV, Gueriguian JL, Gubbi A, Fleming GA. Lactic acidosis in patients with diabetes treated with metformin. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 265-6.
11. Stang M, Wysowski DK, Butler-Jones D. Incidence of lactic acidosis in metformin users. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 925-7.
12. DuBose TD, Fauci AS, Braunwald E et al. Acidosis and Alkalosis, 14th edn. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998.
13. Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educ Psychol Meas 1960; 20: 36-46.
14. Schouten HJA. Measuring pairwise agreement among many observers. II. Some improvements and additions. Biometric J 1982; 24: 431-5.
15. Assan R, Heuclin C, Ganeval D, Bismuth C, George J, Girard JR. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis in the presence of acute renal failure. Diabetologia 1977; 13: 211-7.
16. Barbare JC, Grippon P, Ricome JL, Auzepy P. Metformin associated lactic acidosis. Sem Hop Paris 1981; 57: 586-7.
17. Beaudot C, Merceron RE, Lavieuville M, Noel M, Brohon J, Raymond JP. Reversible lactic acidosis in a diabetic on high dose metformin. Diabete Metab 1980; 6: 199-203.
18. Bismuth C, Gaultier M, Conso F, Assan R, Heuclin C. Lactic acidosis induced by excessive ingestion of metformin. Eur J Toxicol Environ Hyg 1976; 9: 55-7.
19. Charbonnel B, Peltier P, Ozanne P, Chupin M, Beutter D. Severe lactic acidosis during acute alcoholic intoxication in a patient without kidney failure treated with metformin. Nouv Presse Med 1978; 7: 2573-4.
20. Franzetti I, Paolo D, Marco G, Emanuela M, Elisabetta Z, Renato U. Possible synergistic effect of metformin and enalapril on the development of hyperkaliemic lactic acidosis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1997; 38: 173-6.
21. Gan SC, Barr J, Arieff AI, Pearl RG. Biguanide-associated lactic acidosis. Case report and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med 1992; 152: 2333-6.
22. Gowardman JR, Havill J. Fatal metformin induced lactic acidosis: case report [see comments]. N Z Med J 1995; 108: 230-1.
23. Hayat JC. The treatment of lactic acidosis in the diabetic patient by peritoneal dialysis using sodium acetate. A report of two cases. Diabetologia 1974; 10: 485-7.
24. Hermann LS, Magnusson S, Moller B, Casey C, Tucker GT, Woods HF. Lactic acidosis during metformin treatment in an elderly diabetic patient with impaired renal function. Acta Med Scand 1981; 209: 519-20.
25. Hulisz DT, Bonfiglio MF, Murray RD. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis. J Am Board Fam Pract 1998; 11: 233-6.
26. Hutchison SMW, Catterall JR. Metformin and lactic acidosis - a reminder. Br J Clin Prac 1987; 41: 673-4.
27. Jamet P, Lebas de Lacour JC, Christoforov B, Stern M. Fatal case of metformin-induced lactic acidosis after urography in a diabetic patient. Sem Hop 1980; 56: 473-4.
28. al-Jebawi AF, Lassman MN, Abourizk NN. Lactic acidosis with therapeutic metformin blood level in a low-risk diabetic patient. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 1364-5.
29. Jurovich MR, Wooldridge JD, Force RW. Metformin-associated nonketotic metabolic acidosis. Ann Pharmacother 1997; 31: 53-5.
30. Khan IH, Catto GR, MacLeod AM. Severe lactic acidosis in patient receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. BMJ 1993; 307: 1056-7.
31. Korhonen T, Idanpaan-Heikkila J, Aro A. Lactic acidosis associated with biguanide therapy in Finland 1974-1977. Duodecim 1978; 94: 1504-8.
32. Korhonen T, Idanpaan-Heikkila J, Aro A. Biguanide-induced lactic acidosis in Finland. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1979; 15: 407-10.
33. Kovacs KA, Morton AR. Metformin associated lactic acidosis. Can J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 3: 90-2.
34. Lacroix C, Hermelin A, Gerson M, Nouveau J, Guiberteau R. Lactic acidosis caused by metformin. Value of intraerythrocyte levels. Presse Med 1988; 17: 1158.
35. Lalau JD, Debussche X, Tolani M, Arlot S, Quichaud J. Lactic acidosis in diabetic patients treated with metformin. Value of hemodialysis with a sodium bicarbonate bath. Presse Med 1984; 13: 2581.
36. Lalau JD, Lacroix C, Compagnon P et al. Role of metformin accumulation in metformin-associated lactic acidosis. Diabetes Care 1995; 18: 779-84.
37. Lebacq EG, Tirzmalis A. Metformin and lactic acidosis. Lancet 1972; 1: 314-5.
38. Lim PS, Huang CC, Wei JS. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis: report of a case. J Formos Med Assoc 1992; 91: 374-6.
39. Mercker SK, Maier C, Neumann G, Wulf H. Lactic acidosis as a serious perioperative complication of antidiabetic biguanide medication with metformin. Anesthesiology 1997; 87: 1003-5.
40. Mirouze J, Mion C, Beraud JJ, Selam JL. Lactic acidosis during renal insufficiency in two diabetic patients treated with metformin. Nouv Presse Med 1976; 5: 1004.
41. Pearlman BL, Fenves AZ, Emmett M. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis. Am J Med 1996; 101: 109-10.
42. Pepper GM, Schwartz M. Lactic acidosis associated with glucophage use in a man with normal renal and hepatic function. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 232-3.
43. Prinseau J, Jardin F, Sanchez A et al. Acute renal failure after intravenous urography in diabetics. Incidence of lactic acidosis in metformin treatment. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 1977; 128: 173-7.
44. Robert M, Truchet P, Veyrat A. Lactic acidosis in a N-N dimethylbiguanide treated diabetic patient. Lyon Med 1973; 229: 1143-6.
45. Ryder REJ. Lactic acidotic coma with multiple medication including metformin in a patient with normal renal function. Br J Clin Prac 1984; 38: 229-30.
46. Safadi R, Dranitzki-Elhalel M, Popovtzer M, Ben-Yehuda A. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis associated with acute renal failure. Am J Nephrol 1996; 16: 520-2.
47. Schmidt R, Horn E, Richards J, Stamatakis M. Survival after metformin-associated lactic acidosis in peritoneal dialysis-dependent renal failure. Am J Med 1997; 102: 486-8.
48. Tymms DJ, Leatherdale BA. Lactic acidosis due to metformin therapy in a low risk patient. Postgrad Med J 1988; 64: 230-1.
49. Zandijk E, Demey HE, Bossaert LL. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis. Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 1997; 53: 543-6.
50. Czyzyk A, Lao B, Bartosiewicz W, Szczepanik Z, Orlowska K. The effect of short-term administration of antidiabetic biguanide derivatives on the blood lactate levels in healthy subjects. Diabetologia 1978; 14: 89-94.
51. Ofenstein JP, Dominguez LJ, Sowers JR, Sarnaik AP. Effects of insulin and metformin on glucose metabolism in rat vascular smooth muscle. Metabolism 1999; 48: 1357-60.
52. Lalau JD, Race JM. Lactic acidosis in metformin therapy: searching for a link In reports of 'metformin associated lactic acidosis'. Diabetes Obes Metab 2001; 3: 195-201.
53. Salpeter S, Greyber E, Pasternak G, Salpeter E. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Cochrane Library 2003; 1.
54. Stacpoole PW. Metformin and lactic acidosis. Guilt by association? Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 1587-8.
55. Emslie-Smith A, Boyle DIR, Evans JMM et al. Contra-indications to metformin therapy in patients with diabetes: a population based study. Diabetologia 1999; 42(Suppl. 1): A3.
56. Holstein A, Nahrwold D, Hinze S, Egberts EH. Contra-indications to metformin therapy are largely disregarded. Diabet Med 1999; 16: 692-6.
57. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet 1998; 352: 854-65.
58. DeFronzo RA. Pharmacologic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med 1999; 131: 281-303.