A Novel DNA Enzyme Reduces Glycosaminoglycan Chains in the Glial Scar and Allows Microtransplanted Dorsal Root Ganglia Axons to Regenerate beyond Lesions in the Spinal Cord

Journal of Neuroscience

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 1393-1397

  Grimpe, Barbara ^a   Silver, Jerry ^a  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Antisense; Dorsal root ganglion; Extracellular matrix; Proteoglycan; Reactive astrocytes; Spinal cord

Indexed keywords

CHONDROITIN ABC LYASE; CYCLOPHILIN; DEOXYRIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; DNA ENZYME; GLYCERALDEHYDE 3 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN; MESSENGER RNA; PROTEOCHONDROITIN SULFATE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; XYLOSYLTRANSFERASE 1;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; ASTROCYTE; CARBOHYDRATE ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ANALYSIS; ENZYME GLYCOSYLATION; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; GLIA CELL; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN METABOLISM; INHIBITION KINETICS; NERVE FIBER REGENERATION; NEWBORN; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DNA BINDING; RAT; SPINAL CORD LESION; SPINAL GANGLION;

ANIMALS; ASTROCYTES; AXONS; CELLS, CULTURED; CICATRIX; DIFFUSION; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; DNA, CATALYTIC; GANGLIA, SPINAL; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS; NERVE REGENERATION; PENTOSYLTRANSFERASES; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; RNA, MESSENGER; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 1242314200     PISSN: 02706474     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4986-03.2004     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Altschult SF, Madden TL, Schaeffer AA, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, Lipman DJ (1997) Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 25:3389-3402.
2. Asher RA, Morgenstern DA, Fidler PS, Adcock KH, Oohira A, Braistead JE, Levine JM, Margolis RU, Rogers JH, Fawcett JW (2000) Neurocan is upregulated in injured brain and in cytokine-treated astrocytes. J Neurosci 20:2427-2438.
3. Bradbury EJ, Moon LD, Popat RJ, King VR, Bennett GS, Patel PN, Fawcett FW, McMahon SB (2002) Chondroitinase ABC promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Nature 416:636-640.
4. Brose K, Bland KS, Wang KH, Arnott D, Henzel W, Goodman CS, Tessier-Lavigne M, Kidd T (1999) Slit proteins bind Robo receptors and have an evolutionarily conserved role in repulsive axon guidance. Cell 96:795-806.
5. Bundesen LQ, Scheel TA, Bregman BS, Kromer LF (2003) Ephrin-B2 and EphB2 regulation of astrocyte-meningeal fibroblast interactions in response to spinal cord lesions in adult rats. J Neurosci 23:7789-7800.
6. Caterson B, Christner JE, Baker JR, Couchman JR (1985) Production and characterization directed against connective tissue proteoglycans. Fed Proc 44:386-393.
7. Chen ZJ, Negra M, Levine A, Ughrin Y, Levine JM (2002) Oligodendrocyte precursor cells: reactive cells that inhibit axon growth and regeneration. J Neurocytol 31:481-495.
8. Danielson PE, Forss-Petter S, Brow MA, Calavetta L, Douglass J, Milner RJ, Sutcliffe JG (1988) p1B15: a cDNA clone of the rat mRNA encoding cyclophilin. DNA 7:261-267.
9. Davies SJ, Goucher DR, Doller C, Silver J (1999) Robust regeneration of adult sensory axons in degenerating white matter of the adult rat spinal cord. J Neurosci 19:5710-5822.
10. 32P-based hybridization. Anal Biochem 210:235-244.
11. Fitch MT, Doller C, Combs CK, Landreth GE, Silver J (1999) Cellular and molecular mechanisms of glial scarring and progressive cavitation in vivo and in vitro: analysis of inflammation-induced secondary injury after CNS trauma. J Neurosci 19:8182-8192.
12. Goetting C, Kuhn J, Zahn R, Brinkmann T, Kleesiek K (2000) Molecular cloning and expression of human UDP-D-xylose: proteoglycan core protein beta-D-xylosyltransferase and its first isoform XT-I. J Mol Biol 304:517-528.
13. Grimpe B, Dong S, Doller C, Temple K, Malouf AT, Silver J (2002) The critical role of basement membrane-independent laminin gamma 1 chain during axon regeneration in the CNS. J Neurosci 22:3144-3160.
14. Jones LL, Tuszynski MH (2002) Spinal cord injury elicits expression of keratan sulfate proteoglycans by macrophages, reactive microglia, and oligodendrocyte progenitors. J Neurosci 22:4611-4624.
15. Lemons ML, Sandy JD, Anderson DK, Howland DR (2004) Intact aggrecan and chondroitin sulfate depleted aggrecan core glycoprotein inhibit axon growth in the adult rat spinal cord. Exp Neurol 184:981-990.
16. McKeon RJ, Hoke A, Silver J (1995) Injury-induced proteoglycans inhibit the potential for laminin-mediated axon growth on astrocytic scars. Exp Neurol 136:32-43.
17. Menet V, Prieto M, Privat A, Gimenez y Ribotta M (2003) Axonal plasticity and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice deficient in both glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:8999-9004.
18. Okabe M, Ikawa M, Kominami K, Nakanishi T, Nishimune Y (1997) "Green mice" as a source of ubiquitous green cells. FEBS Lett 407:313-319.
19. Pasterkamp RJ, Giger RJ, Ruitenberg MJ, Holtmaat AJ, De Wit J, De Winter F, Verhaagen J (1999) Expression of the gene encoding the chemorepellent semaphoring III is induced in the fibroblast component of neural scar tissue formed following injuries of adult but not neonatal CNS. Mol Cell Neurosci 13:143-166.
20. Pizzorusso T, Medini P, Berardi N, Chierzi S, Fawcett JW, Maffei L (2002) Reactivation of ocular dominance plasticity in the adult visual cortex. Science 298:1248-1251.
21. Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
22. Santoro SW, Joyce GF (1997) A general purpose RNA-cleaving DNA-enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:4262-4266.
23. Snow DM, Letourneau PC (1992) Neurite outgrowth on a step gradient of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CS-PG). J Neurobiol 23:322-336.
24. Snow DM, Lemmon V, Carrino DA, Caplan AI, Silver J (1990) Sulfated proteoglycans in astroglial barriers inhibit neurite outgrowth in vitro. Exp Neurol 109:111-130.
25. Song H, Ming G, He Z, Lehmann M, McKerracher L, Tessier-Lavigne M, Poo M (1998) Conversion of neuronal growth cone responses from repulsion to attraction by cyclic nucleotides. Science 281:1515-1518.
26. Tajima H, Tsuchiya K, Yamada M, Kondo K, Katsube N, Ishitani R (1999) Over-expression of GAPDH induces apoptosis in COS-7 cells transfected with cloned GAPDH cDNAs. NeuroReport 10:2029-2033.
27. Tropea D, Caleo M, Maffei L (2003) Synergistic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and chondroitinase ABC on retinal fiber sprouting after denervation of the superior colliculus in adult rats. J Neurosci 23:7034-7044.