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11844253402
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11844250753
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note
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The term "dust" can be confusing. It is not meant to imply necessarily organic components, like household dust, or even similar size: Circumstellar dust can be as fine as smoke or as coarse as pebbles.
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16
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11844284340
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From (9), there is a difference in velocity between adjacent orbits. The disk thus has differential rotation rather than turning as a solid body.
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23
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NASA press release is available at www.spitzer. caltech.edu/Media/ releases/ssc2004-08/release.shtml.
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W. K. M. Rice, P. J. Armitage, Astrophys. J. 598, L55 (2003). In their model, a core random-walks through the disk and so accretes more gas.
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Rice, W.K.M.1
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35
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11844254648
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http://exoplanets.org/
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Online catalogs of planet detections are available at www.obspm.fr/encycl/encycl.html and http://exoplanets.org/.
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38
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0041654496
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40
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45
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11844252227
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Image from Hubble Space Telescope was obtained by M. J. McCaughrean, C. R. O'Dell; a related press release is available at http://hubblesite.org/ newscenter/ newsdesk/archive/releases/1995/45/text/.
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11844298571
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Image from Gemini Observatory was obtained by R. Jayawardhana and K. Luhman; the press release is available at www.gemini.edu/index.php?option= content&task=view&id=53.
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54
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11844259615
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note
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J.S.G. is a Norman Lockyer Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society.
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