The long and the short of it: Archaeological approaches to determining when humans first colonised Australia and New Guinea

Australian Archaeology

Volumn 57, Issue , 2003, Pages 5-19

  Allen, Jim ^a   O'Connell, James F ^b  

^a LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 11044226462     PISSN: 03122417     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03122417.2003.11681758     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Allen, H. 1972 Where the Crow flies Backwards: Man and 1Land in the Darling Basin. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Australian National University, Canberra
2. Allen, H. 1998 Reinterpreting the 1969-72 Willandra Lakes archaeological surveys. Archaeology in Oceania 33:207-220
3. Anderson, A.J. 1998 Reply to comments on 'A production trend in AMS ages on Rattus exulans bone.' Archaeology in New Zealand 41:231-234
4. 14C AMS ages of Rattus exulans bone gelatin in south Pacific prehistory. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 30:246-261
5. Barbetti, M. 1973 Archaeomagnetic and Radiocarbon Studies of Aboriginal Fireplaces. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Australian National University, Canberra
6. 14C timescale over the last 30,000 years using mass spectrometric U-Th ages from the Barbados corals. Nature 345:587-592
7. 14C ages obtained by mass spectrometry on corals. Radiocarbon 35:191-199
8. 14C concentration during the last glacial period. Science 292:2453-2458
9. Bird, M.I., Ayliffe, L.K., Fifield, L.K., Turney, C.S.M., Cresswell, R.G., Barrows, T.T., and David, B. 1999 Radiocarbon dating of 'old' charcoal using a wet oxidation, stepped-combustion procedure. Radiocarbon 41:127-140
10. Bird, M.I., Turney, C.S.M., Fifield, L.K., Jones, R., Ayliffe, L.K., Palmer, A., Cresswell, R.G., and Robertson, S. 2002 Radiocarbon analysis of the early archaeological site of Nauwalabila 1, Arnhem Land, Australia: Iimplications for sample suitability and stratigraphic integrity. Quaternary Science Reviews 21:1061-1075
11. Boaretto, E., Bryant, C., Carmi, I., Cook, G., Gulliksen, S., Harkness, D., Heinemeier, J., McClure, J., McGee, E., Naysmith, P., Possnert, G., Scott, M., van der Plicht, J. and van Strydonck, M. 2003 How reliable are radiocarbon laboratories? A report on the Fourth International Radiocarbon Inter-comparison (FIRI) 1998-2001. Antiquity 77:146-154
12. Bowler, J.M. 1998 Willandra Lakes revisited: Eenvironmental framework for human occupation. Archaeology in Oceania 33:120-155
13. Bowler, J. and Magee, J. 2000 Redating Australia's oldest human remains: Aa skeptic's view. Journal of Human Evolution 38:719-726
14. Bowler, J. and Price, D. 1998 Luminescence dates and stratigraphic analyses at Lake Mungo: Review and new perspectives. Archaeology in Oceania 33:156-168
15. Bowler, J.M. and Thorne, A.G. 1976 Human remains from Lake Mungo: Discovery and excavation of Lake Mungo III. In R.L. Kirk and A.G. Thorne (eds) The Origin of the Australians, pp. 127-38. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies
16. Bowler, J.M., Jones, R., Allen, H. and Thorne, A. 1970 Pleistocene human remains from Australia: Aa living site and human cremation from Lake Mungo, western New South Wales. World Archaeology 2:39-60
17. Bowler J., Thorne, A., and Polach, H. 1972 Pleistocene man in Australia: Age and significance of the Mungo skeleton. Nature 240:48-50
18. Bowler, J.M., Johnston, H., Olley, J.M., Prescott, J.R., Roberts, R.G., Shawcross, W. and Spooner, N.A. 2003 New ages for human occupation and climatic change at Lake Mungo, Australia. Nature 421:837-840
19. Chappell, J. 2002 Sea level changes forced ice breakouts in the Last Glacial cycle: Nnew results from coral terraces. Quaternary Science Reviews 21:1229-1240
20. Chappell, J. and Grindrod, A. 1983 7±2ka 'spike' review. In J. Chappell and A. Grindrod (eds) CLIMANZ, pp.87-88. Canberra: Department of Biogeography and Geomorphology, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University
21. Chappell, J., Omura, A., Esat, T., McCulloch, M., Pandolfi, J., Ota, Y. and Pillans, B. 1996 Reconciliation of late Quaternary sea levels derived from coral terraces at Huon Peninsula with deep sea oxygen isotope records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 141:227-236
22. Clark, P.M. 1987 Willandra Lakes World Heritage Area Archaeological Resource Study. RUnpublished report to the NSW Department of Planning, Sydney, and to the Western Lands Commission of NSW, Sydney
23. David, B. 2002 Landscapes, Rock Art and the Dreaming: An Archaeology of Pre-understanding. London: Leicester University Press
24. Dortch, C. 1984 Devil's Lair. A Study in Prehistory. Perth: Western Australian Museum
25. Dortch, C.E. and Dortch, J. 1996 Review of Devil's Lair artefact classification and radiocarbon chronology. Australian Archaeology 43:28-32
26. Eswaran, V. 2002 A diffusion wave out of Africa: the mechanism of the modern human revolution? Current Anthropology 43:749-774
27. Fullagar R.L.K., Price, D.M. and Head, L.M. 1996 Early human occupation of northern Australia: Aarchaeology and thermoluminescence dating of Jinmium rockshelter, northern Australia. Antiquity 70:751-773
28. Gillespie, R. 1997 Burnt and unburnt carbon: Ddating charcoal and bone from the Willandra Lakes, Australia. Radiocarbon 39:239-250
29. Gillespie, R. 1998 Alternative time scales: Aa critical review of Willandra Lakes dating. Archaeology in Oceania 33:169-182
30. Gillespie, R. 2002 Dating the first Australians. Radiocarbon 44:455-472
31. Gillespie, R. and Roberts, R. 2000 On the reliability of age estimates for human remains at Lake Mungo. Journal of Human Evolution 38:727-732
32. Groube, L.M., Chappell, J., Muke, J. and Price, D. 1986 A 40,000 year-old human occupation site at Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. Nature 324:453-455
33. Grün, R., Spooner, N., Thorne, A., Mortimer, G., Simpson, J.J., McCullough M.T., Taylor, L. and Curnoe, D. 2000 Age of the Lake Mungo 3 skeleton: Aa reply to Bowler and Magee and to Gillespie and Roberts. Journal of Human Evolution 38:733-741
34. Haberle, S.G. and Ledru, M-P. 2001 Correlations among charcoal records of fires from the past 16,000 years in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and Central and South America. Quaternary Research 55:97-104
35. Holdaway, S. and Porch, N. 1996 Dates as data: Chronostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy as a basis for analytical unit formation. In J. Allen (ed.) Report of the Southern Forests Archaeological Project. Vol. 1: Site Descriptions, Stratigraphies and Chronologies, pp.251-77. Bundoora: Archaeology Publications, School of Archaeology, La Trobe University
36. Holt, J. A. and Lepage, M. 2000 Termites and soil properties. In T. Abe et al. (eds) Termites: Evolution, Sociality, Symbioses, Ecology, pp.389-407. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
37. Jackson, W.D. 1999 Palaeohistory of vegetation change: Tthe last 2 million years. In J.B. Reid, R.S. Hill, M.J. Brown and M.J. Hovenden (eds) Vegetation of Tasmania, pp.64-88. Flora of Australia Supplementary Series 8. Hobart: University of Tasmania, Forestry Tasmania, and Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Production Forestry. Flora of Australia Supplementary Series 8
38. Johnston, H. 1993 Pleistocene shell middens of the Willandra Lakes. In M.A. Smith, M. Spriggs and B. Fankhauser (eds) Sahul in Review: Pleistocene Archaeology in Australia, New Guinea and I iIsland Melanesia, pp.197-203. Canberra: Department of Prehistory, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University. Occasional Papers in Prehistory 24
39. Johnston, H. and Clark, P. 1998 Willandra Lakes archaeological investigations 1968-98. Archaeology in Oceania 33:105-119
40. Jones, R and Johnson, I. 1985 Deaf Adder Gorge: Lindner Site, Nauwalabila I. In R. Jones (ed.) Archaeological Research in Kakadu National Park, pp. 165-227. Canberra: Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service. Special Publication 13
41. Kershaw, A. P. 1995 Environmental Change in Greater Australia. In J. Allen and J. F. O'Connell (eds) Transitions: Pleistocene to Holocene in Australia and Papua New Guinea, pp.656-75. Antiquity 69, Special Number 265
42. Kershaw, A.P., van der Kaars, S. and Moss, P.T. in press Late Quaternary Milankovitch-scale climatic change and variability and its impact on monsoonal Australasia. Marine Geology, forthcoming
43. Kitagawa, H. and van der Plicht, J. 1998 Atmospheric radiocarbon calibration to 45,000 yr BP: Llate Glacial fluctuations and cosmogenic isotopic production. Science 279:1187-1190
44. Klein, R.G. 1995 Anatomy, behaviour and modern human origins. Journal of World Prehistory 9:167-241
45. Leavesley, M. and Allen, J. 1998 Dates, disturbance and artefact distributions: Aanother analysis of Buang Merabak, a Pleistocene site on New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. Archaeology in Oceania 33:63-82
46. McBrearty, S. and Brooks, A.S. 2000 The revolution that wasn't: A new interpretation of the origin of modern human behaviour. Journal of Human Evolution 39:453-563
47. Miller, G.H., Magee, J.W. and Jull, A.J.T. 1997 Low-latitude cooling in the southern hemisphere from amino acid racemization in emu eggshells. Nature 385:241-244
48. O'Connell, J.F. and Allen, J. 1998 When did humans first arrive in Greater Australia, and why is it important to know? Evolutionary Anthropology 6:132-146
49. O'Connell, J.F. and Allen, J. n.d. Dating the initial human colonization of Australia and New Guinea: Aa review of recent research. Manuscripts in. under review
50. Oyston, B. 1996 Thermoluminescence age determinations for the Mungo III human burial. Quaternary Science Reviews 15:739-749
51. Readhead, M.L. 1988 Thermoluminescence dating study of quartz on aeolian sediments from southeastern Australia. Quaternary Science Reviews 7:257-264
52. Richardson, N. 1992 Conjoin sets and stratigraphic integrity in a sandstone rockshelter: Kenniff Cave (Queensland, Australia). Antiquity 66:408-418
53. Richardson, N. 1996 Seeing is believing: a graphical illustration of the vertical and horizontal distribution of conjoined artefacts using DesignCAD 3D. In S. Ulm, I. Lilley and A. Ross (eds) Australian Archaeology '95: Proceedings of the 1995 Australian Archaeological Association Annual Conference, pp. 81-95. St. Lucia: Anthropology Museum, Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of Queensland. Tempus 6
54. Roberts, R.G. 1997 Luminescence dating in archaeology: From origins to optical. Radiation Measurements 27(5/6):819-892
55. Roberts, R.G., Bird, M., Olley, J., Galbraith, R., Lawson, E., Laslett, G., Yoshida, H., Jones, R., Fullagar, R., Jacobsen, G. and Hua, Q. 1998 Optical and radiocarbon dating at Jinmium rock shelter in northern Australia. Nature 395:358-362
56. Roberts, R.G., Jones, R. and Smith, M.A. 1990a Thermoluminescence dating of a 50,000 year old human occupation site in northern Australia. Nature 345:153-156
57. Roberts, R.G., Jones, R. and Smith, M.A. 1990b Stratigraphy and statistics at Malakunanja II: Reply to Hiscock. Archaeology in Oceania 25:125-129
58. Roberts, R.G., Jones, R., Spooner, N.A., Head, M.J., Murray, A.S. and Smith, M.A. 1994 The human colonization of Australia: Optical dates of 53,000 and 60,000 bracket human arrival at Deaf Adder Gorge, Northern Territory. Quaternary Science Reviews 13:575-583
59. Roberts, R.G., Yoshida, H., Gailbraith R., Laslett, G., Jones, R. and Smith, M. 1998 Single aliquot and single grain optical dating confirm thermoluminescence age estimates at Malakunanja II rock shelter in northern Australia. Ancient TL 16:19-24
60. Shawcross, W. 1998 Archaeological excavations at Mungo. Archaeology in Oceania 33:183-200
61. Simpson, J.J. and Grün, R. 1998 Non-destructive gamma spectrometric U-series dating. Quaternary Geochronology 17:1009-1022
62. Smith, M.A. and Sharp, N. 1993 Pleistocene sites in Australia, New Guinea and island Melanesia: Geographic and temporal structure of the archaeological record. In M. Smith, M. Spriggs and B. Fankhauser (eds) Sahul in Review: Pleistocene AaArchaeology in Australia, New Guinea and Island Melanesia, pp.37-59. Canberra: Department of Prehistory, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University. Occasional Papers in Prehistory 24
63. 14C age calibration program. Radiocarbon 35:215-230
64. Stuiver, M., Reimer, P.J., Bard, E., Beck, J.W., Burr, G.S., Hughen, K.A., Kromer, B., McCormac, F.G., van der Plicht, J. and Spurk, M. 1998INTERCAL 98: radiocarbon age calibration 24,000-0 cal BP. Radiocarbon 40:1041-1083
65. Taçon, P.S.C. and Brockwell, S. 1995 Arnhem Land prehistory in landscape, stone and paint. In J. Allen and J.F. O'Connell (eds) Transitions: Pleistocene to Holocene in Australia and Papua New Guinea, pp.676-95. Antiquity 69, Special Number 265
66. Thorne, A., Grün, R., Mortimer, G., Spooner, N.A., Simpson, J.J., McCulloch, M., Taylor, L. and Curnoe, D. 1999 Australia's oldest human remains: Aage of the Lake Mungo 3 skeleton. Journal of Human Evolution 36:591-612
67. Turney, C.S.M. and Bird, M.I. 2002 Determining the timing and pattern of human colonization in Australia: Pproposals for radiocarbon dating 'early' sequences. Australian Archaeology 54:1-5
68. Turney, C.S.M., Bird, M., Fifield, L.K., Roberts, R.G., Smith, M., Dortch, C.E., Grün, R., Lawson, E., Ayliffe, L.K., Miller, G.H., Dortch, J. and Cresswell, R.G. 2001 Early human occupation at Devil's Lair, southwestern Australia, 50,000 years ago. Quaternary Research 55:3-13
69. 14C calibration beyond 25 ka BP. Radiocarbon 40:517-534
70. Wang, X., van der Kaars, S., Kershaw, P., Bird, M. and Jansen, F. 1999 A record of fire, vegetation and climate through the last three glacial cycles from Lombok Ridge core G6-4, eastern Indian Ocean, Indonesia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 147:241-256
71. Williams, M.A.J. 1968 Termites and soil development near Brock's Creek, Northern Territory. Australian Journal of Science 31:153-154
72. Williams, M.A.J. 1978 Termites, soils and landscape equilibrium in the Northern Territory of Australia. In J.L. Davies and M.A.J. Williams (eds) Landform Evolution in Australasia, pp.128-41. Canberra: Australian National University Press